PERBEDAAN NILAI VITAL CAPACITY, FORCED VITAL CAPACITY DAN FORCED EXPIRATORY VOLUME IN ONE SECOND ANTAR CABANG OLAHRAGA PADA ATLET USIA 6-12 TAHUN (Studi pada Cabang Olahraga Bola Voli, Sepak Bola, Renang dan Taekwondo di Kota Semarang)

Background: Physical activity during childhood and adolescence has an important impact on health and life quality. The earlier study shown that regular exercise has significant impact to the lung and cardiovascular function. Every sport branches has different energy system based on the type of exercise they do. Objective: To find out the difference vital capacity, forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in one second values between sport branches on athlete in age 6-12 in Semarang. Method: This cross-sectional study was done in 20 male athlete age 6-12 each sport branches, being in total 80 athlete. Among respiratory functions test, VC,FVC and FEV1 ware measured using Spirometer spirolab II. Kruskal-Wallis test was applied for statistical analysis. Result: Mean VC values volleyball athlete is 2,21 L, football athlete 2,00 L, swimming athlete 2,47 L and taekwondo athlete 2,02 L. Mean FVC values volleyball athlete is 2,12 L, football athlete 1,77 L, swimming athlete 2,09 L and taekwondo athlete 1,94 L. Mean FEV1 values volleyball athlete is 2,03 L, football athlete 1,64 L, swimming athlete 1,96 L and taekwondo athlete 1,90 L. Swimmer athlete has higher VC values than other athlete, while volleyball athlete has higher FVC and FEV1 values than other athlete. Conclusion: There is a significant difference VC values between sport branches in athlete age 6-12. In the other hand, there is not a significant difference FVC and FEV1 values between sport branches in athlete age 6-12. Keyword. Athlete, vital capacity, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one secon

PERBANDINGAN PARAMETER FUNGSI PARU ATLET PUTRA CABANG OLAHRAGA INDIVIDU DAN BEREGU DI PUSAT PENDIDIKAN DAN PELATIHAN PELAJAR JAWA TENGAH(Studi pada Cabang Olahraga Tinju dan Sepak Takraw)

Latar Belakang : Latihan intensif dan terencana diprogramkan untuk meningkatkan kondisi fisik dan fisiologis seorang atlet. Kondisi fisik seorang atlet dapat dilihat dari nilai parameter fungsi paru. Untuk meningkatkan nilai parameter fungsi paru dibutuhkan pemilihan metode latihan yang tepat. Pemilihan metode latihan juga bergantung pada pre-dominant energy system suatu cabang olahraga. Cabang olahraga yang memiliki durasi pertandingan yang pendek (individu) lebih dominan menggunakan sistem energi anaerob, sementara cabang olahraga yang memiliki durasi pertandingan yang panjang (beregu) akan lebih dominan menggunakan sistem energi aerob. Dominansi penggunaan sistem energi sangat berpengaruh terhadap nilai parameter fungsi paru. Tujuan : Mengetahui perbandingan parameter fungsi paru atlet putra cabang olahraga Sepak Takraw dengan Tinju di PPLP Jawa Tengah. Metode : Observasional Analitik-deskriptif dengan desain cross-sectional. Besar subjek penelitian masing-masing 11 atlet putra cabang olahraga Sepak Takraw dan Tinju (N=22) dengan rentang usia 15-19 tahun. Data karakteristik subjek penelitian yang diukur berupa usia, tinggi badan, berat badan, dan lingkar dada. Nilai parameter fungsi paru yang diukur berupa VC, FVC, FEV1, dan PEF menggunakan spirometer terkomputerisasi (Spirometer Spirolab II). Uji statistik menggunakan Unpaired T Test. Hasil analisis akan disajikan berupa nilai rata-rata dan standar deviasi. Hasil : Rerata nilai VC atlet putra cabang olahraga Tinju 3,79 ± 0,31 L dan Sepak Takraw 3,18 ± 0,39 L. Rerata nilai FVC atlet putra cabang olahraga Tinju 3,62 ± 0,33 L dan Sepak Takraw 3,04 ± 0,44 L. Rerata nilai FEV1 atlet putra cabang olahraga Tinju 3,37 ± 0,24 L dan Sepak Takraw 3,01 ± 0,42 L. Rerata nilai PEF atlet putra cabang olahraga Tinju 7,58 ± 1,39 L dan Sepak Takraw 7,02 ± 1,27 L. Kesimpulan : Rerata nilai parameter fungsi paru atlet putra cabang olahraga Tinju lebih besar daripada atlet putra cabang olahraga Sepak Takraw di PPLP Jawa Tengah. Kata Kunci : VC, FVC, FEV1, PEF, pre-dominant energy system, Atlet, Individu, Beregu, PPL

PERBANDINGAN SKOR DECISION MAKING ANTARA ATLET CABANG OLAHRAGA PERMAINAN DENGAN BELA DIRI

Latar Belakang: Kemampuan decision making atau pengambilan keputusan memainkan peran dalam pencapaian tujuan selama aktivitas olahraga dilakukan. Bola voli dan sepak bola merupakan olahraga permainan beregu sedangkan taekwondo dan karate merupakan olahraga bela diri individual. Keempat cabang olahraga tersebut memiliki gerakan, teknik, jumlah pemain, dan aturan permainan yang berbeda sehingga memerlukan pola pikir yang berbeda terhadap tindakan yang akan dilakukan. Tujuan: Membandingkan skor decision making antara atlet cabang olahraga permainan dengan bela diri. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desain belah lintang. Penelitian dilaksanakan di tempat latihan cabang olahraga di Kota Semarang. Subjek penelitian adalah 56 atlet laki-laki usia 14-19 tahun dari cabang olahraga bola voli, sepak bola, karate dan taekwondo. Subjek penelitian terdiri atas empat kelompok dengan jumlah 14 orang pada masing-masing kelompok. Skor decision making diukur menggunakan Iowa Gambling Task. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji t tidak berpasangan, uji Mann-Whitney dan uji Kruskal Wallis. Hasil: Rerata dan simpang baku skor decision making pada atlet cabang olahraga bela diri adalah 1,79 ± 6,71, lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan permainan 0,79 ± 4,26 (p=0,596). Rerata dan simpang baku skor decision making pada atlet cabang olahraga tertinggi terdapat pada atlet karate dengan 1,86 ± 5,61, taekwondo 1,71 ± 7,88, bola voli 1,71 ± 3,52 dan terendah pada atlet sepak bola dengan -0,14 ± 4,85 (p=0,509). Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna skor decision making antara atlet cabang olahraga permainan dan bela diri. Kata Kunci: olahraga, bola voli, sepak bola, taekwondo, karate, decision making, Iowa Gambling Task

Perbedaan Nilai Total Lung Capacity, Peak Expiratory Flow Dan Expiratory Reserve Volume Antar Cabang Olahraga Pada Atlet Usia 6-12 Tahun

Background: The development of a person's lungs are the most rapidly while still a child. Activity plays an important role in lung development. Research shows that exercise a positive impact on the development of lung and cardiovascular function. Each type of sport has a different energy system depends on the type of trainingObjective: To prove the difference in value of TLC, PEF and ERV among sports in athletes aged 6-12 years.Methods: This study used a descriptive analytic study is not paired with the cross-sectional design. Samples were 20 male athletes 6-12 years in the sport Volleyball, Soccer, Swimming and Taekwondo. Data retrieval characteristics such as age, height, weight, chest circumference and BMI. TLC values, PEF and ERV is measured by using a spirometer Spirolab II. Statistical test using Kruskal Wallis test.Results: The mean value of the group TLC Volleyball athletes was 2.21 L, athletes Football is 3.4 L, athletes Pool was 3.68 L and Taekwondo athletes was 3.19 L. The mean value of PEF group of athletes Volleyball is 4, 45 L / min, athletes Football is 3.8 L / min, athletes Pool was 4.44 L / min and Taekwondo athletes was 4.09 L / min. The mean value of ERV group of athletes was 0.75 L Volleyball, athletes Football is 0.53 L, 0.54 L Swimming athletes and athletes Taekwondo 0.49 L.Conclusion: In this study, there were significant differences between the average value of TLC sport athletes 6-12 years of age. Meanwhile, there was no significant difference in the average value of PEF and ERV sports athletes aged between 6-12 years

PERBANDINGAN NILAI VO2MAX DAN DENYUT NADI LATIHAN PADA PEMAIN FUTSAL DENGAN PEMAIN SEPAK BOLA (Studi Pada Unit Kegiatan Mahasiswa Universitas Diponegoro)

Latar belakang : Mengukur nilai VO2Max dan denyut nadi latihan adalah cara untuk menilai kebugaran jasmani. Banyak cabang olahraga yang dapat dilakukan untuk mencapai kebugaran jasmani, diantaranya adalah Futsal dan Sepak bola. Tujuan : Membandingkan nilai VO2Max dan denyut nadi latihan pada pemain Futsal dengan pemain Sepak bola di Unit Kegiatan Mahasiswa Universitas Diponegoro. Metode : Jenis penelitian analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah pemain Futsal dan pemain Sepak bola Unit Kegiatan Mahasiswa Universitas Diponegoro (n=16 tiap kelompok) yang diukur VO2Max nya dengan Bleep Test (Multistage Fitness Test) dan denyut nadi latihan dengan meraba arteri radialis selama 1 menit setelah melakukan Bleep Test (Multistage Fitness Test). Uji hipotesis menggunakan uji T – tidak berpasangan. Hasil : Rerata nilai VO2Max dan denyut nadi latihan pemain Futsal di Unit Kegiatan Mahasiswa Universitas Diponegoro adalah 46,56 ± 5,88 ml/kg/menit dan 144,88 ± 15,82 denyut/menit. Rerata nilai VO2Max dan denyut nadi latihan pemain Sepak bola di Unit Kegiatan Mahasiswa Universitas Diponegoro adalah 40,10 ± 3,27 ml/kg/menit dan 145,00 ± 25,05 denyut/menit. Kesimpulan : Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna (p=0,001) pada nilai VO2Max pemain Futsal dengan pemain Sepak bola. Sementara itu tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna (p=0,987) pada nilai denyut nadi latihan pemain Futsal dengan pemain Sepak bola di Unit Kegiatan Mahasiswa Universitas Diponegoro. Kata kunci : Futsal, Sepak bola, VO2Max, denyut nadi latiha

Perbedaan Nilai Vital Capacity, Forced Vital Capacity Dan Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second Antar Cabang Olahraga Pada Atlet Usia 6-12 Tahun

Background: Physical activity during childhood and adolescence has an important impact on health and life quality. The earlier study shown that regular exercise has significant impact to the lung and cardiovascular function. Every sport branches has different energy system based on the type of exercise they do.Objective: To find out the difference vital capacity, forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in one second values between sport branches on athlete in age 6-12 in Semarang.Method: This cross-sectional study was done in 20 male athlete age 6-12 each sport branches, being in total 80 athlete. Among respiratory functions test, VC,FVC and FEV1 ware measured using Spirometer Spirolab II. Kruskal-Wallis test was applied for statistical analysis.Result: Mean VC values volleyball athlete is 2,21 L, football athlete 2,00 L, swimming athlete 2,47 L and taekwondo athlete 2,02 L. Mean FVC values volleyball athlete is 2,12 L, football athlete 1,77 L, swimming athlete 2,09 L and taekwondo athlete 1,94 L. Mean FEV1 values volleyball athlete is 2,03 L, football athlete 1,64 L, swimming athlete 1,96 L and taekwondo athlete 1,90 L. Swimmer athlete has higher VC values than other athlete, while volleyball athlete has higher FVC and FEV1 values than other athlete.Conclusion: There is a significant difference VC values between sport branches in athlete age 6-12. In the other hand, there is not a significant difference FVC and FEV1 values between sport branches in athlete age 6-12

PERBANDINGAN PARAMETER FUNGSI PARU ATLET PUTRA CABANG OLAHRAGA BOLA VOLI DENGAN SEPAK TAKRAW DI PUSAT PENDIDIKAN DAN LATIHAN PELAJAR JAWA TENGAH

Background: Volleyball and sepak takraw are ones of sport branches trained intensively in PPLP to boost their performance. Intensive and planned trainings are programmed to increase athletes’ physiological function or physical condition to a more superior level. Superior physical condition in athletes can be seen from their pulmonary function. With known pulmonary function values, their performance can be boosted by choosing the right method for said sport branches so their maximum pulmonary function and capacity also optimum physical condition can be reached. Objective: Comparing pulmonary functions values between male volleyball athletes and male sepak takraw athletes in PPLP Jawa Tengah. Method: Analytic-descriptive with cross-sectional design. Samples are 9 PPLP male athletes each for volleyball and sepak takraw. Among pulmonary functions test, VC, FVC, FEV1, and FIVC were measured using Spirometer spirolab II. Independent t-test was applied for statistical analysis. Results: Mean VC values for volleyball athlete is 4,05 L and sepak takraw is 3,07 L. Mean FVC values for volleyball athlete is 3,62 L and sepak takraw is 2,94 L. Mean FEV1 values for volleyball athlete is 3,42 L and sepak takraw is 2,89 L. Mean FIVC values for volleyball athlete is 3,59 L and sepak takraw is 3,04 L. P values acquired for all parameters was p<0,05. Conclusions: Volleyball athletes’ mean pulmonary functions values are higher than sepak takraw athletes’. Keywords: vital capacity, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second, forced inspiratory vital capacity, athlete, volleyball, sepak takraw, PPL

PERBEDAAN NILAI TIDAL VOLUME, INSPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME DAN INSPIRATORY CAPACITY ANTAR CABANG OLAHRAGA PADA ATLET USIA 6-12 TAHUN (Studi pada Cabang Olahraga Bola Voli, Sepak Bola, Renang dan Taekwondo di Kota Semarang)

Background: The peak of human body growth and development happens during childhood with different intensity of activities and exercise. It influences the level of physical fitness and health. This research states that daily exercise has a significant impact towards the function of cardiorespiratory system. Each kind of sport has different energy system depends on the kind and the intensity of exercise. Aim: To prove the difference tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume and inspiratory capacity on athlete in age 6-12 between swimmer, taekwondo player, football player and volleyball player in Semarang. Method: This cross-sectional study was done in 20 male athlete age 6-12 each sport branches, being in total 80 athlete. Among respiratory functions test, TV,IRV and IC ware measured using Spirometer spirolab II. Kruskal-Wallis test and One-way annova was applied for statistical analysis. Result: Mean TV values volleyball athlete is 1,12 L, football athlete 1,06 L, swimming athlete 1,27 L and taekwondo athlete 0,89 L. Mean IRV values volleyball athlete is 0,54 L, football athlete 0,70 L, swimming athlete 0,71 L and taekwondo athlete 0,67 L. Mean IC values volleyball athlete is 1,66 L, football athlete 1,76 L, swimming athlete 1,91 L and taekwondo athlete 1,56 L. Swimmer athlete has higher VC, IRV and IC values than other athlete. Conclusion: There is a significant difference TV values between sport branches in athlete age 6-12. Beside that, there is not a significant difference IRV and IC values between sport branches in athlete age 6-12. Keyword: Athlete, tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, inspiratory capacity, TV, IRV, IC

THE EFFECT OF CALISTHENIC EXERCISE ON LEG EXPLOSIVE POWER

Background: Physical fitness is a condition where the human body is able to perform daily activities without experiencing excessive fatigue. Physical exercise is one way to achieve physical fitness. Calisthenics is one of the strength exercises that utilize body weight as resistance to increase muscle strength. Previous research has shown that strength training can increase the explosive power of leg muscles measured through vertical jumps.Objective: Knowing the effect of calisthenic exercises on the explosive power of the leg muscles.Methods: Experimental research with quasi experimental design and methods of pre-test and post-test nonequivalent control group. The subjects were 37 active students of Diponegoro University, Semarang who were selected by purposive sampling and grouped into two groups. The control group without treatment (n=19), and the treatment group (n=18) were given calisthenic exercises for 6 weeks. The explosive power of the limb muscles was measured before and after the intervention with the vertical jump instrument and expressed as the vertical jump score (VJ score).Results: The results showed a significant increase in VJ score (p=0.030) in the treatment group compared to the control group. There was also a significant increase in VJ score (p<0.001) before and after the intervention in the treatment group.Conclusion: Calisthenic exercises for 6 weeks can increase muscle explosive power in the young adult age group