To assess the importance of Nidana Parivarjan in the treatment of Urdhvag Amlapitta with Guduchi Satva

Amlapitta is one of the leading clinical conditions in today’s speedy lifestyle. Present study focuses on this burning issue and its causes mentioned in Ayurved texts and actual causes observed in day to day life. Importance and benefits of Nidanparivarjan over only symptomatic treatment was assessed during this study. Amlapitta cases were diagnosed according to Ayurvedic texts and classified into two groups. One group was administered with only treatment and the other group was advised Nidanparivarjan along with the treatment. At the end of the study, it was found that the group with Nidanparivarjan was more benefited as compared to only treatment group. This clearly states that Ayurvedic method of finding the particular Hetu of the disease and practice of avoiding those Hetu; i.e. Nidanparivarjan leads to better results and complete eradication and prevention of the disease; thus serving the main principle of Ayurved science - Prevention is better than Cure

Ayurvedic management of Janusandhigata Vata - A Case Report

Osteoarthritis of knee is one of the major musculoskeletal abnormality found now a days. Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disorder all over the world. Symptomatic knee OA occurs in 10% men and 13% in women aged 60 years or older. The number of people affected with symptomatic OA is likely to increase due to the aging of the population and the obesity epidemic. In Ayurveda, osteoarthritis is correlated with Sandhigata Vata. Large number of studies have been conducted for the Ayurvedic treatment of Sandhigata Vata. So with help of this paper, efforts were taken for the successful Ayurvedic management of Jaanu Sandhigata Vata

Socio-demographic factors in mechanical asphyxial deaths in Thane region, Maharashtra, India

Background: This study was done to analyze the various socio-demographic variables of the subjects who died of Mechanical Asphyxia and had undergone post mortem examination, over the last 10 years, at the FMT Department of Rajiv Gandhi Medical College and Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Hospital, Thane, Maharashtra, India.Methods: After IEC approval, a descriptive, complete enumeration study of recorded data from PM register from 1st January 2006 to 31st December 2015 (n=5128) was carried. Of these, deaths due to mechanical asphyxial causes were segregated and analyzed.Results: Of the total 654 autopsies conducted from mechanical asphyxial deaths in the last 10 years, majority (248, 37.9%) were in age group 21 30 years. Of the different types of mechanical asphyxial deaths, maximum were cases of hanging (409, 62.5%), followed by drowning (204, 31.2%), Suffocation (32, 4.9%) and strangulation (9, 1.4%).Conclusions: Drowning and hanging were common in males whereas strangulation was common in females. A high proportion of subjects who died due to drowning were less than 10 years old (21.6%). We did not find any role of religion as a factor in asphyxial death.

Antenatal tobacco use and iron deficiency anemia: integrating tobacco control into antenatal care in urban India

Abstract Background In India, tobacco use during pregnancy is not routinely addressed during antenatal care. We measured the association between tobacco use and anemia in low-income pregnant women, and identified ways to integrate tobacco cessation into existing antenatal care at primary health centers. Methods We conducted an observational study using structured interviews with antenatal care clinic patients (n = 100) about tobacco use, anemia, and risk factors such as consumption of iron rich foods and food insecurity. We performed blood tests for serum cotinine, hemoglobin and ferritin. We conducted in-depth interviews with physicians (n = 5) and auxiliary nurse midwives (n = 5), and focus groups with community health workers (n = 65) to better understand tobacco and anemia control services offered during antenatal care. Results We found that 16% of patients used tobacco, 72% were anemic, 41% had iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and 29% were food insecure. Regression analysis showed that tobacco use (OR = 14.3; 95%CI = 2.6, 77.9) and consumption of green leafy vegetables (OR = 0.6; 95%CI = 0.4, 0.9) were independently associated with IDA, and tobacco use was not associated with consumption of iron-rich foods or household food insecurity. Clinics had a system for screening, treatment and follow-up care for anemic and iron-deficient antenatal patients, but not for tobacco use. Clinicians and community health workers were interested in integrating tobacco screening and cessation services with current maternal care services such as anemia control. Tobacco users wanted help to quit. Conclusion It would be worthwhile to assess the feasibility of integrating antenatal tobacco screening and cessation services with antenatal care services for anemia control, such as screening and guidance during clinic visits and cessation support during home visits.https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/143514/1/12978_2018_Article_516.pd

Albiglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (Harmony Outcomes): a double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial

Background: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists differ in chemical structure, duration of action, and in their effects on clinical outcomes. The cardiovascular effects of once-weekly albiglutide in type 2 diabetes are unknown. We aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of albiglutide in preventing cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke. Methods: We did a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial in 610 sites across 28 countries. We randomly assigned patients aged 40 years and older with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (at a 1:1 ratio) to groups that either received a subcutaneous injection of albiglutide (30–50 mg, based on glycaemic response and tolerability) or of a matched volume of placebo once a week, in addition to their standard care. Investigators used an interactive voice or web response system to obtain treatment assignment, and patients and all study investigators were masked to their treatment allocation. We hypothesised that albiglutide would be non-inferior to placebo for the primary outcome of the first occurrence of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke, which was assessed in the intention-to-treat population. If non-inferiority was confirmed by an upper limit of the 95% CI for a hazard ratio of less than 1·30, closed testing for superiority was prespecified. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02465515. Findings: Patients were screened between July 1, 2015, and Nov 24, 2016. 10 793 patients were screened and 9463 participants were enrolled and randomly assigned to groups: 4731 patients were assigned to receive albiglutide and 4732 patients to receive placebo. On Nov 8, 2017, it was determined that 611 primary endpoints and a median follow-up of at least 1·5 years had accrued, and participants returned for a final visit and discontinuation from study treatment; the last patient visit was on March 12, 2018. These 9463 patients, the intention-to-treat population, were evaluated for a median duration of 1·6 years and were assessed for the primary outcome. The primary composite outcome occurred in 338 (7%) of 4731 patients at an incidence rate of 4·6 events per 100 person-years in the albiglutide group and in 428 (9%) of 4732 patients at an incidence rate of 5·9 events per 100 person-years in the placebo group (hazard ratio 0·78, 95% CI 0·68–0·90), which indicated that albiglutide was superior to placebo (p<0·0001 for non-inferiority; p=0·0006 for superiority). The incidence of acute pancreatitis (ten patients in the albiglutide group and seven patients in the placebo group), pancreatic cancer (six patients in the albiglutide group and five patients in the placebo group), medullary thyroid carcinoma (zero patients in both groups), and other serious adverse events did not differ between the two groups. There were three (<1%) deaths in the placebo group that were assessed by investigators, who were masked to study drug assignment, to be treatment-related and two (<1%) deaths in the albiglutide group. Interpretation: In patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, albiglutide was superior to placebo with respect to major adverse cardiovascular events. Evidence-based glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists should therefore be considered as part of a comprehensive strategy to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes. Funding: GlaxoSmithKline

Fibrin Mediated Proangiogenic and Secretory Control Gene Therapy for Compromised Wound Healing

Chronic or compromised healing is a major clinical problem. Particularly, in diabetes where the disease process hinders the capacity to repair the tissue damage, the patients are more susceptible to chronic ulcers, especially on the lower extremity. Despite rigorous treatment regimes, there has been modest success in reducing the rate of amputations in these patients. Hyperglycemia, the defining biochemical phenomenon of diabetes, is by far the most important predisposing factor for chronic wound healing complications. The objective of this thesis was to unleash the pathological disarray by studying the effects of hyperglycemia at molecular level on wounded keratinocytes and subsequently to develop a controlled delivery system capable of delivering therapeutic genes in an extended manner. A fibrin lipoplex system capable of simultaneous delivery of multiple genes was tested in vitro and in vivo. As a step to improve this system for controlled release and increase the capacity of the system, fibrin microspheres loaded with gene complexes were successfully developed and investigated for functional gene delivery in vivo using proangiogenic gene - eNOS. From the microarray data analysis on the wounded keratinocytes under hyperglycemic culture conditions, a profound differential gene regulation was revealed with a number of up- and down-regulated genes. The secretory control molecule Rab18, found to be significantly down-regulated, was chosen as target therapeutic gene considering the hypersecretory state of proinflammatory cytokines and proteolytic enzymes in diabetic wound healing. eNOS was chosen as other therapeutic gene, considering its proangiogenic action and reduced angiogenesis in diabetic wound healing. With eNOS gene complexes in fibrin gel and Rab18 gene complexes in fibrin microspheres embedded in fibrin gel, the Rab18-eNOS loaded fibrin-in-fibrin system was investigated in alloxan induced hyperglycemic rabbit ear ulcer model of compromised wound healing. Rab18-eNOS treated group showed significantly higher percent wound closure at day 14 post-wounding with reduced inflammatory cell infiltrate and more functional angiogenesis. Thus, fibrin mediated non-viral delivery of Rab18-eNOS is a promising therapy towards normalization of diabetic wound healing

Predicting Breast Cancer Recurrence using Data Mining Techniques

Breast Cancer is among the leading causes of cancer death in women. In recent times, the occurrence of breast cancer has increased significantly and a lot of organizations are taking up the cause of spreading awareness about breast cancer. With early detection and treatment it is possible that this type of cancer will go into remission. In such a case, the worse fear of a cancer patient is the recurrence of the cancer. This paper evaluates various data mining techniques and their ability to predict whether any particular patient will face a recurrence. Experimental results will show the accuracy of various classifiers when applied on the Breast Cancer Dataset[1]

Neonatal pulmonary artery thrombosis

Pulmonary artery thrombosis in neonates is a rare entity. We describe two neonates with this diagnosis; their presentation, evaluation, and management. These cases highlight the importance of this differential diagnosis when evaluating the cyanotic neonate