Comparing the Information Contents of IMF and OECD Macroeconomic Forecasts

The paper compares the information contents of two of the most widely used sets of macroeconomic forecasts, namely, the macroeconomic forecasts produced by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). By testing whether the release of public sector forecasts had systematic impact on subsequent revisions in Consensus (private sector) forecasts, the paper finds that, for the period 1994?2003, private forecasters reacted to the information provided by the IMF on regions (such as non?G7 Europe and Latin America) for which the IMF’s forecasts are known to be more accurate or about which information is less available. What determines the information value of public sector forecasts, however, appears complex. The OECD’s impact was limited in influencing private sector forecasts for the G7 countries, though it had a superior forecast performance than the IMF. Some herding behavior was observed among private sector forecasters

Sosyo-Ekonomik Bir Sorun Olarak Sokakta Çalışan Çocuklar

Yenidünyanın inşasında vazgeçilen kadim, geleneksel değerler ve üretim biçimleri sonucunda varılan yer ve modern dünyanın temellerinin atılması sürecinde ortaya çıkan ekonomi merkezli yenidünyanın inşa süreci çok sancılı olmuştur. Başlangıçta daha çok yerel veya bölgesel ağırlıkta olan üretim ve tüketim ilişkileri, ulaşım ve haberleşme imkânlarının artması ve sanayi devrimiyle birlikte kütlevi üretime geçilmesi sonucunda büyük değişimler yaşamıştır. Ortaya çıkan yeni iş ve iş ilişkileri biçimi, eski mesleklerin çoğunun tarihe gömülmesine sebep olmuştur. Daha önce kendi işlerini yapan ve bir şekilde bulundukları bölgelerde hayatlarını sürdüren insanlar artık bulundukları yerlerden, yenidünyanın sanayi şehirlerine doğru mobilize olmak zorunda kalmışlardır. Bilinen tarihte eşine az rastlanılır bir göç ve kentleşme, modern dünyanın bir gerçekliği haline gelmiştir. Bir umutla yenidünyaya koşan birçok insanda ise bu durum büyük bir hayal kırıklığı ve hüzün yaratmıştır. İşte tam da bu noktada bizim ele almaya çalıştığımız sokakta çalışan/çalıştırılan çocuk sorunu da daha çok bu yenidünyanın sorunu olarak ortaya çıkmış bir sonuçtur. Her ne kadar biz bir sorunu bir başlık altında ve daraltarak incelemiş olsak da, esasen bu sorun bir bütün olarak modern dünyanın kendisini inşa ettiği değerlerin yarattığı bir sorundur ve topyekûn bir sistem sorgulaması yapılmaksızın tam anlamıyla açıklığa kavuşturulabilecek bir sorun değildir

Effects of Influencers on Consumer Behaviours on Social Media: Do Audiences know their needs, or they only follow their opinion leaders?

This study aims to examine the effect of sponsored advertisements made by influencers with brands on consumer behaviour on social media. In this study, cosmetic products and beauty influencers are discussed. The opinions of consumers when they see these advertisements and their attitudes towards these advertisements are tried to be understood. It is aimed to understand whether the consumers who are social media users are positive or negative approaches to paid partnerships made by brands and influencers, the reasons that lead to shopping and whether they are shopping according to their own needs or recommendations. The prepared survey reached 104 people, and the data were analysed. Surveys were statistically analysed. The results showed that consumers who are social media users do not trust influencer advertisements one hundred percent. They try to make purchases in line with their own needs, but still cannot be completely indifferent to these advertisements. Most of the participants stated that they were looking at influencer comments when they were researching a product they needed. Reasons for respondents' following influencer were found to be high rates of beauty inspiration, product reviews, and product tutorials. It has been observed that, as age groups change, consumers follow influencer advertisements, and their trust and priority to these advertisements have changed. Also, no significant difference was found when compared with age groups, positive or negative approaches to advertised products. The majority of the participants stated that they saw these advertisements and stated that they generally approach the products they see in the advertisements positively. The majority of the participants stated that they saw these advertisements and stated that they generally approach the products they see in the advertisements positively. However, they stated that they were sceptical about how honest the influencers were about the promoted products. When these two groups were compared, a significant difference was found

A Tutorial on Nonorthogonal Multiple Access for 5G and Beyond

Today's wireless networks allocate radio resources to users based on the orthogonal multiple access (OMA) principle. However, as the number of users increases, OMA based approaches may not meet the stringent emerging requirements including very high spectral efficiency, very low latency, and massive device connectivity. Nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) principle emerges as a solution to improve the spectral efficiency while allowing some degree of multiple access interference at receivers. In this tutorial style paper, we target providing a unified model for NOMA, including uplink and downlink transmissions, along with the extensions tomultiple inputmultiple output and cooperative communication scenarios. Through numerical examples, we compare the performances of OMA and NOMA networks. Implementation aspects and open issues are also detailed.Comment: 25 pages, 10 figure

A huge ovarian mucinous cystadenoma causing virilization, preterm labor, and persistent supine hypotensive syndrome during pregnancy

Mucinous cystadenoma (MC) of the ovary is an unilateral, multilocular cystic benign epithelial tumor. Supposed to be hormone responsive, MC reaches huge sizes during pregnancy. Aortocaval compression is common during pregnancy, especially when the pregnant woman is in the supine position. However, the compression recovers with a change in position. The authors report the first case of a huge mucinous cystadenoma of the ovary complicating pregnancy and causing virilization, premature labor, and persistent supine hypotensive syndrom