Problems of QCD factorization in exclusive decays of B meson to charmonium

We study the exclusive decays of $B$ meson into P-wave charmonium states $\chi_{cJ}(J=0,1)$ in the QCD factorization approach with light-cone distribution functions describing the mesons in the processes. For $B \to \chi_{c1} K$ decay, we find that there are logarithmic divergences arising from nonfactorizable spectator interactions even at twist-2 order and the decay rate is too small to accommodate the experimental data. For $B\to \chi_{c0} K$ decay, we find that aside from the logarithmic divergences arising from spectator interactions at leading-twist order, more importantly, the factorization will break down due to the infrared divergence arising from nonfactorizable vertex corrections, which is independent of the specific form of the light-cone distribution functions. Our results may indicate that QCD factorization in the present form may not be safely applied to $B$-meson exclusive decays to charmonium states.Comment: Latex, 7 pages, 1 eps figure, final version to appear in Phys.Lett.B; a few references are added, the expression of chi_c1 decay constant is give

A note on possible interpretations for the DSJ+(2632)D_{SJ}^+(2632) observed by SELEX

We suggest some possible interpretations for the $D_{SJ}^+(2632)$ observed by SELEX. The $D_{SJ}^+(2632)$ could be the first radial excitation of the $1^-$ ground state $\rm{D_s}^*$(2112), and its unusual decay patten might be hopefully explained by the node structure of the wave functions. In addition, the $D_{SJ}^+(2632)$ could also be a $c\bar sg$ hybrid state or a $(cs)_{3^*}-(\bar s\bar s)_{3}$ (diquark-antidiquark) bound state.Comment: final version to appear in Phys. Lett. B, references adde

Self-organizing hair peg-like structures from dissociated skin progenitor cells: New insights for human hair follicle organoid engineering and Turing patterning in an asymmetric morphogenetic field

Human skin progenitor cells will form new hair follicles, although at a low efficiency, when injected into nude mouse skin. To better study and improve upon this regenerative process, we developed an in vitro system to analyze the morphogenetic cell behavior in detail and modulate physical-chemical parameters to more effectively generate hair primordia. In this three-dimensional culture, dissociated human neonatal foreskin keratinocytes self-assembled into a planar epidermal layer while fetal scalp dermal cells coalesced into stripes, then large clusters, and finally small clusters resembling dermal condensations. At sites of dermal clustering, subjacent epidermal cells protruded to form hair peg-like structures, molecularly resembling hair pegs within the sequence of follicular development. The hair peg-like structures emerged in a coordinated, formative wave, moving from periphery to center, suggesting that the droplet culture constitutes a microcosm with an asymmetric morphogenetic field. In vivo, hair follicle populations also form in a progressive wave, implying the summation of local periodic patterning events with an asymmetric global influence. To further understand this global patterning process, we developed a mathematical simulation using Turing activator-inhibitor principles in an asymmetric morphogenetic field. Together, our culture system provides a suitable platform to 1) analyze the self-assembly behavior of hair progenitor cells into periodically arranged hair primordia, and 2) identify parameters that impact the formation of hair primordia in an asymmetric morphogenetic field. This understanding will enhance our future ability to successfully engineer human hair follicle organoids

Customer Behavior Survery for Cultural and Creative Park in Taiwan

Cultural and Creative Park is a recreational campus which usually consists of exhibition, gallery, show room, movie theater, and multi-function facilities to provide the cultural activities. Besides, in the Cultural and Creative Park, restaurants, coffee shops, bookstores, gift shops, and other business units are nearby. How to improve the customer experience in the Cultural and Creative Park is an important research question for the managerial division to promote culture industries. In this research, the questionnaires were developed and performed in one of creative park in Taipei, Taiwan to study customer behavior. This paper addresses the survey result and the insights revealed from the survey

Geographical heterogeneity and influenza infection within households

Although it has been suggested that schoolchildren vaccination reduces influenza morbidity and mortality in the community, it is unknown whether geographical heterogeneity would affect vaccine effectiveness

ψ(3770)\psi(3770) and BB meson exclusive decay B→ψ(3770)KB \to \psi(3770) K in QCD factorization

Belle has observed surprisingly copious production of $\psi(3770)$ in $B$ meson decay $B\to \psi(3770)K$, of which the rate is comparable to that of $B\to \psi(3686)K$. We study this puzzling process in the QCD factorization approach with the effect of S-D mixing considered. We find that the soft scattering effects in the spectator interactions play an essential role. With a proper parametrization for the higher twist soft end-point singularities associated with kaon, and with the S-D mixing angle $\theta=-12^{\circ}$, the calculated decay rates can be close to the data. Implications of these soft spectator effects to other charmonium production in $B$ exclusive decays are also emphasized.Comment: journal versio

The quark axial vector coupling and heavy meson decays

Form factors and decay widths for $D^{\ast}\rightarrow D \gamma$ and $D^{\ast}\rightarrow D \pi$ decays are estimated in a relativistic constituent quark model. Relativistic corrections due to light quarks are found to be substantial and to suppress the vector and axial vector form factors. The CLEO experimental value of $R^0_{\gamma}\equiv \Gamma (D^{\ast 0}\rightarrow D^{0} \gamma)/ \Gamma (D^{\ast 0}\rightarrow D^{0} \pi^{0})=0.572\pm 0.057\pm 0.081$ is used to determine the quark axial vector coupling $g_A$, which is found to be $0.6-0.8$ for $m_u=(350-200) MeV$ correspondingly, as compared with the chiral model result $g_{A}= 0.8-0.9$. The heavy meson-pion strong coupling $g$ is found to be $0.4-0.6$, much smaller than $g=1$ which is expected in the large $N_{C}$ and nonrelativistic limit, but consistent with some heavy hadron chiral theory and QCD sum rule results. The failure of nonrelativistic treatment for the light quark in the heavy meson decays is also emphasized.Comment: 11 pages in Late

Asymptomatic ratio for seasonal H1N1 influenza infection among schoolchildren in Taiwan

Studies indicate that asymptomatic infections do indeed occur frequently for both seasonal and pandemic influenza, accounting for about one-third of influenza infections. Studies carried out during the 2009 pH1N1 pandemic have found significant antibody response against seasonal H1N1 and H3N2 vaccine strains in schoolchildren receiving only pandemic H1N1 monovalent vaccine, yet reported either no symptoms or only mild symptoms

Induction of Antinuclear Antibodies by De Novo Autoimmune Hepatitis Regulates Alloimmune Responses in Rat Liver Transplantation

Concanavalin A (Con A) is a lectin originating from the jack-bean and well known for its ability to stimulate T cells and induce autoimmune hepatitis. We previously demonstrated the induction of immunosuppressive antinuclear autoantibody in the course of Con A-induced transient autoimmune hepatitis. This study aimed to clarify the effects of Con A-induced hepatitis on liver allograft rejection and acceptance. In this study, we observed the unique phenomenon that the induction of transient de novo autoimmune hepatitis by Con A injection paradoxically overcomes the rejection without any immunosuppressive drug and exhibits significantly prolonged survival after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Significantly increased titers of anti-nuclear Abs against histone H1 and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and reduced donor specific alloantibody response were observed in Con A-injected recipients. Induction of Foxp3 and IL-10 in OLT livers of Con A-injected recipients suggested the involvement of regulatory T cells in this unique phenomenon. Our present data suggest the significance of autoimmune responses against nuclear histone H1 and HMGB1 for competing allogeneic immune responses, resulting in the acceptance of liver allografts in experimental liver transplantation