Results of the study of cross-resistance and effect of herbicide on crops in the production of cycloxydim-tolerant maize (Zea mays L)

In Hungary, monocot weed species are present as a signiἀcant yield limiting factor. In practice there is a great demand for efἀciently applying agrochemicals against monocot weeds at a later period and without causing phy totoxicity. Field trials were carried out in 2010 and 2011. The trials aimed to understand whether the cycloxydim-tolerant (CT) maize have cross-resistance to herbicides expressing different graminicide action (quizalofop-p-tefuril, haloxyfop-r-methyl ester, propaquizalofop, Ḁuazifop-p-butyl). The obtained results conἀrm that CT maize has signiἀcant tolerance to cycloxydim active substance. Lower rates of other types of graminicides neither damage maize plants nor reduce the yield, while application of higher rates used to control perennial weeds do. According to the authors’ conclusions, no other types of graminicides can be used to perform chemical weed control in CT maize. Post-emergent use of cycloxydim showed excellent efἀcacy against monocot weeds: Echinochloa crusgalli, Setaria verticillata, Panicum miliaceum. It is well-known that growing genetically modiἀed maize is greatly restricted in Europe, therefore the published scientiἀc results provide good option for the control of monocot weeds in the maize growing areas

Key aspects on the biology, ecology and impacts of johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers] and the role of glyphosate and non-chemical alternative practices for the management of this weed in Europe

Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers is a common and noxious worldwide weed of increasing distribution in many European countries. In the present review, information on the biology, ecology, agricultural, economic and environmental impact of johnsongrass is given, and the current status of this weed in Europe is discussed. Furthermore, special attention is given to the important role of field trials using glyphosate to control weeds in arable and perennial crops in many European countries. Some of the factors which affect control efficacy and should be taken into account are also discussed. Finally, several non-chemical alternative methods (cultural, mechanical, thermal, biological, etc.) for johnsongrass management are also presented. The adoption of integrated weed management (IWM) techniques such as glyphosate use, crop rotation, and deep tillage is strongly recommended to control plant species that originate from both seed and rhizomes.This research was funded by Bayer Agriculture BVBA, grant number 140319