43 research outputs found
Biomagnifcation and body distribution of ivermectin in dung beetles
We thank the staf of Doñana Biological Reserve (DBR-ICTS), Doñana National Park, and Los Alcornocales
Natural Park, especially D. Paz, F. Ibáñez, P. Bayón, M. Malla and D. Ruiz for logistic facilities for the field
work and permissions (2019107300000904/IRM/MDCG/mes) to collect cattle dung and dung beetles. We
are grateful to J. Castro and A. Rascón for technical assistance. We also thank A. V. Giménez-Gómez for her
technical assistance in the laboratory work. We thank also F.-T Krell and the two anonymous reviewers for their
constructive comments. Financial support was provided by the project CGL2015-68207-R of the SecretarÃa de
Estado de Investigación–Ministerio de EconomÃa y Competitividad.A terrestrial test system to investigate the biomagnifcation potential and tissue-specifc distribution
of ivermectin, a widely used parasiticide, in the non-target dung beetle Thorectes lusitanicus (Jekel)
was developed and validated. Biomagnifcation kinetics of ivermectin in T. lusitanicus was investigated
by following uptake, elimination, and distribution of the compound in dung beetles feeding on
contaminated faeces. Results showed that ivermectin was biomagnifed in adults of T. lusitanicus
when exposed to non-lethal doses via food uptake. Ivermectin was quickly transferred from the gut to
the haemolymph, generating a biomagnifcation factor (BMFk) three times higher in the haemolymph
than in the gut after an uptake period of 12 days. The fat body appeared to exert a major role on
the biomagnifcation of ivermectin in the insect body, showing a BMFk 1.6 times higher than in the
haemolymph. The results of this study highlight that the biomagnifcation of ivermectin should be
investigated from a global dung-based food web perspective and that the use of these antiparasitic
substances should be monitored and controlled on a precautionary basis. Thus, we suggest that an
additional efort be made in the development of standardised regulatory recommendations to guide
biomagnifcation studies in terrestrial organisms, but also that it is necessary to adapt existing methods
to assess the efects of such veterinary medical products
Evolution of thermo-physical properties and annealing of fast neutron irradiated boron carbide
International audienceBoron carbide is widely used as a neutron absorber in most nuclear reactors, in particular in fast neutron ones. The irradiation leads to a large helium production (up to 1022-cm3) together with a strong decrease of the thermal conductivity. In this paper, we have performed thermal diffusivity measurements and X-ray diffraction analyses on boron carbide samples coming from control rods of the French Phenix LMFBR reactor. The burnups range from 1021 to 8.1021-cm3. We first confirm the strong decrease of the thermal conductivity at the low burnup, together with high microstructural modifications swelling, large micro-strains, high defects density, and disordered-like material conductivity. We observe the microstructural parameters are highly anisotropic, with high micro-strains and flattened coherent diffracting domains along the (00l) direction of the hexagonal structure. Performing heat treatments up to high temperature (2200DC) allows us to observe the material thermal conductivity and microstructure restoration. It then appears the thermal conductivity healing is correlated to the micro-strain relaxation. We then assume the defects responsible for most of the damage are the helium bubbles and the associated stress fields
The effect of football boot upper padding on dribbling and passing performance using a test–retest validated protocol
Predicting Continuous Positive Airway Pressure from a Modified Split-Night Protocol in Moderate to Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome
Analysis of brain recurrence
Analysis of Brain Recurrence (ABR) is a method for extracting physiologically significant information from the electroencephalogram (EEG), a non-stationary electrical output of the brain, the ultimate complex dynamical system. ABR permits quantification of temporal patterns in the EEG produced by the non-autonomous differential laws that govern brain metabolism. In the context of appropriate experimental and statistical designs, ABR is ideally suited to the task of interpreting the EEG. Present applications of ABR include discovery of a human magnetic sense, increased mechanistic understanding of neuronal membrane processes, diagnosis of degenerative neurological disease, detection of changes in brain metabolism caused by weak environmental electromagnetic fields, objective characterization of the quality of human sleep, and evaluation of sleep disorders. ABR has important beneficial implications for the development of clinical and experimental neuroscience. © 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
High-throughput immuno-profiling of mamba (Dendroaspis) venom toxin epitopes using high-density peptide microarrays
Snakebite envenoming is a serious condition requiring medical attention and administration of
antivenom. Current antivenoms are antibody preparations obtained from the plasma of animals
immunised with whole venom(s) and contain antibodies against snake venom toxins, but also against
other antigens. In order to better understand the molecular interactions between antivenom antibodies
and epitopes on snake venom toxins, a high-throughput immuno-profiling study on all manually
curated toxins from Dendroaspis species and selected African Naja species was performed based on
custom-made high-density peptide microarrays displaying linear toxin fragments. By detection of
binding for three different antivenoms and performing an alanine scan, linear elements of epitopes
and the positions important for binding were identified. A strong tendency of antivenom antibodies
recognizing and binding to epitopes at the functional sites of toxins was observed. With these results,
high-density peptide microarray technology is for the first time introduced in the field of toxinology
and molecular details of the evolution of antibody-toxin interactions based on molecular recognition of
distinctive toxic motifs are elucidated.Novo Nordisk Foundation/[13OC0005613]/NNF/DinamarcaNovo Nordisk Foundation/[16OC0019248]/NNF/DinamarcaUCR::VicerrectorÃa de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias de la Salud::Instituto Clodomiro Picado (ICP)UCR::VicerrectorÃa de Docencia::Salud::Facultad de MicrobiologÃ