Mulige modeller for fordeling av nettinntekter

Since the introduction of online newspapers in the mid-1990s, the industry has striven for the introduction of user payments. One potential innovation could be package deals for access to more titles. Based on innovation theory and principles of fair division, this article discusses how revenue might be distributed among participants if a model for joint payment was successful

Stability in Times of Change - Trends in Newspaper Executives Attitudes towards Digital Media

Five biennial surveys from 2005 to 2013 reveal a high degree of stability in Norwegian news - paper executives’ attitudes towards digital media, despite a high turnover in the executive ranks. Editors and managers do not approve fully of their own organizations’ online activities, and they struggle to find a balanced focus between traditional and new activities. However, the rationale for online publishing has become less blurred through the period, and an important shift in the strategic development of user fees is reviled: While it was driven by perceived threats from 2005 to 2011, opportunities for the industry is the strongest predictor in 2013

Rocking the Boat: Proposing a Participatory Business Model for News

The digitization of newspapers has opened up new possibilities for user involvement, yet established practices in the media industry hinder news organisations from fully exploiting the many new opportunities that exist in the age of the Internet and social media. In this conceptual and interdisciplinary article, we explain how news actors’ strategic choices for innovation related to citizen collaboration and knowledge creation lead to distinct ideal types for participatory business models for news organisations, which we label the three C’s (citizen reporting, citizen journalism, and citizen media). We contribute to the business model innovation literature by pointing to which specific parts of a business model that news actors need to change in order to cut their production costs, as well as contributing to innovation theory by showing that the three C’s is a continuum of innovational steps. We develop further the donation strategy for user involvement by discussing citizen collaboration in different parts of the journalistic value chain. We conclude that news actors need to rock their boats in order to innovate their business models in line with today's media landscape.publishedVersio

Perceptions of Intra-Organizational Collaboration and Media Workers Interests in Media Innovations

This article contributes with a unique quantitative study of newspaper executives’ perceptions on the interest and collaboration contained within digital media innovation among staff in the editorial, business and IT departments. Two research questions are explored: (1) Do newspaper executives perceive that there is diverging interest in digital media innovation across the editorial, business and IT departments of their organization? (2) Amid digital media innovation, and also in relation to the interest in such activities among departments, do newspaper executives’ perceive that the collaboration between members of editorial, business and IT departments has increased? The empirical analysis draws upon two surveys of Norwegian newspaper executives conducted in April 2011 and April 2013. Results show that the various explorations of digital media are not perceived to have fostered increased collaboration between the actors in the three departments. However, there was a significant relationship related to the size of newspapers measured by circulation: larger newspapers had higher scores on intra-organizational collaboration. Media workers involved in production (editorial staff of the newsroom) and sales (business department) are perceived to be significantly less interested in digital innovation work compared to their colleagues in the IT department. Multivariate analysis revealed the technologists perceived interest in change to be a key predictor for perceived change in intra-organizational collaboration. This indicates the important role of the IT department, in relation to the newsroom and the business department, for innovation relating to the production and distribution of news

Personality filters for online news interest and engagement

Our many online routines leave behind trails of data about our identities, habits, preferences and connections. These data serve as filters when we seek out information, yielding relevant results and content of interest. However, commercial and political parties can use the same data to personalize persuasive messages, and some even use psychological profiles to target individuals. With this revelation come concerns that news can be framed to appeal to individual personalities. This study investigates the relationship between personality and news engagement among predominantly young Norwegian adults across different news angles. It addresses the Big Five personality traits as well as rational and experiential information-processing styles. The results provide support for our hypothesis on the relation between neuroticism and lowered news engagement, although the effect sizes are small. When exploring iso- lated news stories, we find greater differentiation among the participants, suggesting that individuals’ news interest really does start at the headline.Personality filters for online news interest and engagementpublishedVersio

Size, ownership and innovation in newspapers

This chapter analyses the relationship between the size and ownership of newspapers and their approaches to the challenges from the tablet market, e.g. the iPad. Which newspapers were inclined to innovate by launching iPad apps? The hypotheses tested are that: (1) the size of newspapers and (2) having corporate owners, i.e. being owned by a media group, have positive effects on the strategies of the individual newspapers. The empirical analysis supports the hypotheses. Only newspapers owned by corporate owners, i.e. media groups, had plans for iPad apps. Newspapers owned by media groups were also more positive towards new media developments. These differences are explained by reference to two types of resources provided by media groups: analytical capabilities and capabilities to enhance joint product developmen

Social media as a political backchannel: Twitter use during televised election debates in Norway

Purpose - This study aims to explore how Twitter is used as a political backchannel and potential agenda setter during two televised political debates during the Norwegian election in 2011. The article engages with current debates about the role of social media in audience participation and traditional media’s changing role as gatekeepers and agenda setter. Design/methodology/approach - A combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. By introducing and using the IMSC multiple step analysis model on the Twitter datasets, we are able to analyse the flow of thousands of tweets and compare them with topics discussed in the televised debates. Findings - We find that the same topics are discussed on Twitter as on TV, but "the debate about the debate" or Meta talk tweets reveal critical scrutiny of the agenda. We identify a clear pattern of political fandom and media criticism in the "debate about the debate", indicating that Meta talk in social media can function as a critical public sphere, also in real time, which has not been identified in existing studies of Twitter and political TV shows. Originality/value - The analysis is unique in the sense that we analyse a smaller, national Twitter population in deeper detail than what is common in larger Twitter studies related to political televised debates. The IMSC model can be used in future Twitter studies to uncover layers in the data material and structure the findings

Competition, Change, and Coordination and Collaboration: Tracing news executives’ perceptions about participation in media innovation

Introduction Research Questions and Methods Results Discussion and conclusion Additional information Footnotes References Full Article Figures & data References Citations Metrics Licensing Reprints & Permissions View PDF View EPUB ABSTRACT Technological disruptions and increasing competition in the digital mediascape have fundamentally altered the market conditions for news media companies, raising corresponding concerns about the future of journalism. News media firms can adapt their business models by more purposefully focusing on media innovation, or the development and implementation of new processes, products or services. Specifically, this article focuses on innovation-centric coordination and collaboration—namely, coordination of knowledge and innovation activities among social actors in news media organizations. In doing so, this article builds on the knowledge-based view (KBV) of the firm and its core argument that coordination of knowledge is essential for organizational innovation. It presents findings from a series of cross-sectional surveys with newspaper executives carried out bi-annually from 2011 to 2017, examining executives’ perceptions of collaborative potential for digital media innovation at the intersection of editorial, business, and information technology (IT) departments. The findings suggest that there has been a significant increase in perceived collaboration more recently, and that the IT department is perceived to have become more important to innovation over time.This work was supported by Volda University College: [Grant Number Professor II research support to Oscar Westlund].publishedVersio

Newspapers, Facebook and Twitter - Intermedial agenda setting in local election campaigns

Social media, such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and many other services, have established themselves as part of the networked and increasingly hybrid public sphere, extending and transforming it to allow for and facilitate access to all kinds of content and participants. By their sheer ubiquity, these media contribute to changing media ecologies and open new ways and forms of communications between citizens and their representatives. During election campaigns, political parties and their candidates have a number of ways of seeking to mobilise voters by attracting attention to the parties' issues and top candidates. Many of these involve processes of mediatisation, that is, parties and politicians adapt their practices and messages to formats, deadlines and genres that are journalistically attractive. This study seeks to map and understand intermedial agenda setting between social media and traditional news media by analysing data from both local journalism and the social media activity of local politicians during the 2011 Norwegian local election campaigns. Our findings show that local politicians were active on social media as part of their campaigning, yet there was surprisingly little evidence that social media content travelled to local newspapers and contributed to agenda setting, thereby contradicting findings from other settings stating that social media have become established journalistic sources. We suggest that one explanation may reflect the nature of Norwegian politics and culture in which the distance between journalists, citizens and politicians is proximate. Journalism Practice Published online: 02 Sep 2014 This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published in Journalism Practice on 02 Sep 2014, available onlin

What is Media Innovation?

In order to understand and explain current developments in the media landscape, using the lens of innovation and innovation theory adds value to media research. This chapter gives a theoretical introduction to the concept of innovation. It argues that media innovations may be related to product innovation, process innovation, position innovation, paradigmatic innovation and social innovation, and that innovation may involve different degrees of novelty. The chapter also highlights key influences on innovation in the media: (1) technology, (2) market opportunities and user behaviour, (3) behaviour of competitors, (4) regulation, (5) industry norms, (6) company strategy, (7) leadership and vision, (8) organisational structure, (9) capacity and resources, and (10) culture and creativity. Published in: Media Innovations. A Multidisciplinary Study of Change Redaktörer: Tanja Storsul, Arne H. Krumsvik Nordicom, 2013, 280 p. - ISBN 978-91-86523-65-7, (Research Anthologies and Monographs