Komplex fejlesztési tervjavaslat kidolgozása a Balaton vízgyűjtő területére = Working out of a complex development plan for the drainage area of Lake Balaton

A kutatás zárókövetkeztetése volt, hogy a Balaton Régió problémái a fejlesztéseknél a megkésettségre és komplexitásnak, a térségi szemléletének a hiányára vezethetők vissza. Ehhez társult még a fejlesztés szükséges tőke hiánya és a fejlesztések össze- hangolatlansága. A feladatok közül a következőket emelhetjük ki: 1. Alapvető infrastrukturális hiányosságok pótlása. 2. A fejlesztéseknél a saját térségi (önkormányzati, vállalkozói) erőforrások mozgosí- tása és összehangolása. 3. Fejlesztési pályázatoknál az egyedi települési célokat kistérségi célokká kellene rendezni és azokra térségi szinten megoldást keresni. 4. A tervezés realitásának javítása érdekében meg kell teremteni a Balaton Régió folyamatosan aktualizált adatbázisát. 5. Rendezni kellene a térség közigazgatási helyzetét. 6. Javítani kell a szakágazatok együttműködési készségén és a fejlesztésért vállalt felelősségén. 7. Több figyelmet kell szentelni az elmaradott háttértelepülésekre. 8. Növelni kell az önkormányzatok területi felelősségvállalását. 9. Törekedni kell a térség speciális problémáit megoldó támogatások megszerzésére. | The final conclusion of the research was that the problems of the Balaton region derive from its backwardness in development, a lack of complexity and the regional approach. There are, however, other factors involved, such as the lack of capital needed for development and also a lack of harmonisation. Amongst the tasks to be undertaken we should highlight: 1. Making good the deficiencies in the infrastructure. 2. Mobilising and harmonising the region's own resources (of local govemment and enterprise) for development. 3. In development projects, reformulating the aims of individual settlements into thoese for the micro-region and handling these at regional level. 4. To improve the achievability level of planning a continuously up-dated database of the Balaton Region should be established. 5. The public administration situation of the region should be resolved. 6. Willingness to co-operate and responsibility for development must be improved. 7. More attention is needed for underdeveloped settlements in the hinterland. 8. Local authorities need to assume more regional responsibility. 9. Acquiring funds is the prime tool for solving the specific problems of the Region

Salt Solubility Products of Diprenorphine Hydrochloride, Codeine and Lidocaine Hydrochlorides and Phosphates – Novel Method of Data Analysis Not Dependent on Explicit Solubility Equations

A novel general approach was described to address many of the challenges of salt solubility determination of drug substances, with data processing and refinement of equilibrium constants encoded in the computer program pDISOL-XTM. The new approach was illustrated by the determinations of the solubility products of diprenorphine hydrochloride, codeine hydrochloride and phosphate, lidocaine hydrochloride and phosphate at 25 oC, using a recently-optimized saturation shake-flask protocol. The effects of different buffers (Britton-Robinson universal and Sörensen phosphate) were compared. Lidocaine precipitates were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and polarization light microscopy. The ionic strength in the studied systems ranged from 0.25 to 4.3 M. Codeine (and possibly diprenorphine) chloride were less soluble than the phosphates for pH > 2. The reverse trend was evident with lidocaine. Diprenorphine saturated solutions showed departure from the predictions of the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation in alkaline (pH > 9) solutions, consistent with the formation of a mixed-charge anionic dimer

A sportgenetikai kutatási eredmények áttekintése és gyakorlati alkalmazásuk lehetőségei = Review of Genetic Research and Testing in Sport

Az utóbbi években megerősítést nyert a fizikai teljesítmény jelentős mértékű genetikai meghatározottsága. Emellett a sportoláshoz köthető sérülésekre és betegségekre való genetikai hajlamról is egyre nagyobb ismeretanyag áll rendelkezésünkre. A teljesítményt befolyásoló génpolimorfizmusok vizsgálata lehetőséget kínál a sportági kiválasztási rendszer fejlesztésére. A sportoló genetikai profiljának ismerete a jövőben lehetővé teszi a személyre szabott edzésprogram kidolgozását és ezáltal a teljesítmény potenciális növelését. A genetikai tesztek a jövőben fontos szerepet játszhatnak a sérülések és a betegségek genetikai kockázati tényezőinek szűrésében is. There is compelling evidence for a genetic contribution to physical performance. In addition, there is an advanced scientific knowledge on the predisposition to sports-related diseases and injuries. Genetic testing of performance related polymorphisms can serve as a new opportunity for developing the process of talent selection. Sport-related genetic information may also allow for individualization of the training and improve performance. Genetic testing may also play an important role in the pre-participation screening for injuries and disease risks

Az apolipoprotein E genotípusok összefüggése cardiovascularis betegségek kialakulásával = Connections Between Apolipoprotein E Genotypes and the Development of Cardiovascular Diseases

Elevated plasma lipid level is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, which are considered to be pimary causes of death. Apolipoprotein E plays a part in the lipid transport in the blood, thus polimophisms of that affect the lipid composition of the plasma. The three most common alleles of apolipoprotein E are e2, e3, e4. Out of the two non-wild type alleles, the e2 and e4, the latter was shown to play a role in the development of cardiovascular diseases and Alzheimer’s disease. Some studies mention the e2/e2 homozygote genotype as one of the causes of hyperlipoproteinemia type III. Besides lipid metabolism, apolipoprotein E also influences the manifestation of cardiovascular diseases through other biochemical pathways, therefore it is essential to explore the molecular background of these metabolic pathways. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 2070–2076.</jats:p

Extracellular Vesicle-Associated Aβ Mediates Trans-Neuronal Bioenergetic and Ca\u3csup\u3e2+\u3c/sup\u3e-Handling Deficits in Alzheimer\u27s Disease Models

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder in which aggregation-prone neurotoxic amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) accumulates in the brain. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, are small 50–150 nm membrane vesicles that have recently been implicated in the prion-like spread of self-aggregating proteins. Here we report that EVs isolated from AD patient cerebrospinal fluid and plasma, from the plasma of two AD mouse models, and from the medium of neural cells expressing familial AD presenilin 1 mutations, destabilize neuronal Ca2+ homeostasis, impair mitochondrial function, and sensitize neurons to excitotoxicity. EVs contain a relatively low amount of Aβ but have an increased Aβ42/ Aβ40 ratio; the majority of Aβ is located on the surface of the EVs. Impairment of lysosome function results in increased generation of EVs with elevated Aβ42 levels. EVs may mediate transcellular spread of pathogenic Aβ species that impair neuronal Ca2+ handling and mitochondrial function, and may thereby render neurons vulnerable to excitotoxicity

Immobilization engineering – How to design advanced sol-gel systems for biocatalysis?

An immobilization engineering approach using bioinformatics and experimental design tools was applied to improve the sol–gel enzyme entrapment methodology. This strategy was used for the immobilization of lipase B from Candida antarctica (CaLB), a versatile enzyme widely used even on the industrial scale. The optimized entrapment of CaLB in sol–gel matrices is reported by the response-surface methodology enabling efficient process development. The immobilized CaLBs characterized by functional efficiency and enhanced recovery provided economical and green options for flow chemistry. Various ternary mixtures of sol–gel precursors allowed the creation of tailored entrapment matrices best suited for the enzyme and its targeted substrate. The sol–gel-entrapped forms of CaLB were excellent biocatalysts in the kinetic resolutions of secondary alcohols and secondary amines with aromatic or aliphatic substituents both in batch and continuous-flow biotransformations

Cardiac Index by Transthoracic Echocardiography (CITE) study.

AimsLeft ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is the most frequently used parameter in the assessment of heart failure (HF). Cardiac index (CI) is considered a potential alternative to LVEF despite limited evidence. We aimed to assess and compare the predictive accuracy of LVEF and echocardiographically-assessed CI in HF patients.Methods and resultsA single-centre, retrospective cohort study was conducted in patients hospitalized for acute HF from 2010-2016. Cox proportional hazard models including either LVEF or CI were created to predict all cause death, cardiovascular (CV) death, or first HF-readmission. Of 334 patients included in the analysis, 58.7% exhibited HF with reduced LVEF (HFrEF). Left ventricular ejection fraction did not show correlation with any endpoint, while CI was predictive of HF-readmission in the entire cohort. Both the LVEF-based and CI-based models demonstrated moderate discriminative accuracy when predicting all-cause death, CV death, or HF-readmission. Left ventricular ejection fraction proved to be an independent predictor of CV mortality in HFrEF-patients, while CI was predictive of HF-readmission in the non-HFrEF group.ConclusionsLeft ventricular ejection fraction seemed to be associated more closely with disease severity in HFrEF, and CI in the non-HFrEF group, in this real-life cohort of elderly HF patients. The LVEF-based and CI-based predictive models have clinically similar predictive accuracy for mortality and HF-readmission, thus CI may be a potential alternative to LVEF in the assessment of left ventricular function. Cardiac index may be an important new tool in the assessment of HF patients with midrange or preserved LVEF