National and International Standardization (International Organization for Standardization and European Committee for Standardization) Relevant for Sustainability in Construction

Sustainability in construction has a short history in terms of principles, standardizations and applications. From the Brundtland Report "Our Common Future", a new vision of the resource deficits, climate impacts and the social responsibility gave growth to the idea of sustainability also in design and construction. Consequently, in around 2000, the international and national organizations for standardization started to develop standards for the application of sustainable principles. This paper gives an overview of existing and planned standards, and examples on how to use them as a framework for the development of methods and tools for assessment

A PC-BASED SYSTEM FOR MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT OF BUILDINGS: GENERAL DESCRIPTION

ABSTRACT Europe's rich culture in wooden buildings are rapidly degrading due to environmental impact, wrong conservation techniques and lack of resources and technological tools for appropriate conservation. These issues were addressed in the former EU-project ENV4-CT95-0110 Wood-Assess , which has been finalised . In a new EU-project MMWood (ENV4-CT-98-0796) a PC-based system for maintenance management of buildings has been developed. The project had the following objectives: To develop and validate for the SMEs an integrated Maintenance Management system for historic buildings, adapted to the needs and purposes of various user group levels. Based on the Wood-Assess concept and results the modular GIS (Geographical Information System) based system, MMWood, will specifically contain • A documentation system for outer and inner parts of buildings and components, • Soft-and hardware tools for the building inspection in the course of maintenance tasks, • An environmental risk factor assessment module, • A standardized maintenance assessment module, • A cost and maintenance planning module. Main developments from the Wood-Assess project are the inclusion of the maintenance management phase, extension of the damage atlas to include also adjoining materials in wood constructions, rendering, brick and natural stone, and a fully integrated field inspection system, allowing the user to import/export all background and recorded data between the field inspection and the total maintenance management system. In this paper some of the main results of the project are given with much of the emphasis on presenting the PC-based application, and its use in some practical examples. Detailed results from the environmental risk factor assessment module and the standardised maintenance assessment module will be given in separate papers to this Congress

National and International Standardization (International Organization for Standardization and European Committee for Standardization) Relevant for Sustainability in Construction

Sustainability in construction has a short history in terms of principles, standardizations and applications. From the Brundtland Report “Our Common Future”, a new vision of the resource deficits, climate impacts and the social responsibility gave growth to the idea of sustainability also in design and construction. Consequently, in around 2000, the international and national organizations for standardization started to develop standards for the application of sustainable principles. This paper gives an overview of existing and planned standards, and examples on how to use them as a framework for the development of methods and tools for assessment

National and International Standardization (International Organization for Standardization and European Committee for Standardization) Relevant for Sustainability in Construction

Sustainability in construction has a short history in terms of principles, standardizations and applications. From the Brundtland Report “Our Common Future”, a new vision of the resource deficits, climate impacts and the social responsibility gave growth to the idea of sustainability also in design and construction. Consequently, in around 2000, the international and national organizations for standardization started to develop standards for the application of sustainable principles. This paper gives an overview of existing and planned standards, and examples on how to use them as a framework for the development of methods and tools for assessment.sustainability in construction; international and national standardization; standards as framework for assessment

Life cycle assessment and life cycle cost of university dormitories in the southeast China: Case study of the university town of Fuzhou

The aim of this paper is to assess university dormitories in terms of life cycle environmental impact and cost, as part of the university campuses sustainable development in southeast China. This life cycle assessment follows the ISO 14040/44 methodology, considering the construction, operation, maintenance and demolition stages. The reference unit of this study is defined as ‘one useful square meter university dormitories with 50 years life time’. This study estimates the life cycle inventory by: 1) tenders information of university dormitories built in the university town of Fuzhou during 2007–2011, 2) water and energy bills of those building over past 5 years, 3) damage and maintenance report of dormitories in Fuzhou University and Fujian University of traditional Chinese medicine during 2004–2014. The Ecoinvent database provides the background data to the analysis. The results indicate that 1) the use stage, including operation and maintenance is the dominate part of the life cycle environmental impacts and cost of university dormitories. 2) The consumption of electricity constitutes the main elements causing the environmental impacts over the life cycle of university dormitories. The technology for more energy efficient building is more important than other factors. 3) The window, concrete, steel, and cement have the largest contribution to the embodied environmental impacts but with the relative small contribution to the life cycle cost. Therefore, two main improving opportunities for reducing the environmental impacts of Chinese university dormitories development are identified: 1) improving building with deep renovation for current dormitories and implementing low energy buildings standards for new built dormitories the buildings energy efficiency and 2) increasing the use of low environmental impacts building material by implementing the carbon tax on main building material and introducing timbers as structure material. Moreover, policies to promote the more renewable energy supply and the implementation of carbon capture and storage technology constitute another import issue

Carbon emission of global construction sector

The construction sector delivers the infrastructure and buildings to the society by consumption large amount of unrenewable energy. Consequently, this consumption causes the large emission of CO2. This paper explores and compares the level of CO2 emission caused by the construction activities globally by using the world environmental input-output table 2009. It analyses CO2 emission of construction sector in 40 countries, considering 26 kinds of energy use and non-energy use. Results indicate: 1) the total CO2 emission of the global construction sector was 5.7 billion tons in 2009, contributing 23% of the total CO2 emissions produced by the global economics activities. 94% of the total CO2 from the global construction sector are indirect emission. 2) Gasoline, diesel, other petroleum products and light fuel oil are four main energy sources for direct CO2 emission of global construction sector. The indirect CO2 emission mainly stems from hard coal, nature gas, and non-energy use. 3) The emerging economies cause nearly 60% of the global construction sector total CO2 emission. China is the largest contributor. Moreover, the intensities of construction sector’s direct and indirect CO2 emission in the developing countries are larger than the value in the developed countries. Therefore, promoting the development and use of the low embodied carbon building material and services, the energy efficiency of construction machines, as well as the renewable energy use are identified as three main pivotal opportunities to reduce the carbon emissions of the construction sector

State of the art for use of LCA in building sector : Deliverable D2 of the project ENSLIC_BUILDING : Energy Saving through Promotion of Life Cycle Assessment in Buildings

QC 20120210ENSLIC_BUILDING : Energy Saving through Promotion of Life Cycle Assessment in Building