Kernel Weighted Smoothed Maximum Score Estimation for Applied Work

The endogenous binary response model frequently arises in economic applications when a covariate is correlated with the error term in the latent equation due to data limitations. Applied workers generally address endogeneity using the principle of Maximum Likelihood (ML) which imposes stringent paramet- ric assumptions. These ML estimators are inconsistent if the posited parametrization is incorrect which can translate in practice into aberrant results contradicting economic theory. Semiparametric estima- tors have been developed imposing weaker distributional assumptions. Some semiparametric techniques permit inferences from data but restrict heteroscedasticity which may furnish deceptive results. Other semiparametric techniques can accommodate almost any heteroscedasticity but forbid inferences. This article summarizes two new estimation techniques which allow for inferences under general heteroscedas- ticity conditions. Some Monte Carlo experiments are conducted highlighting the robust advantage of these estimators. Finally, these estimation techniques are applied to assess the eect of education on maternal pregnancy smoking using the 1988 National Health Interview Survey.

GEAMS: a Greedy Energy-Aware Multipath Stream-based Routing Protocol for WMSNs

Because sensor nodes operate on power limited batteries, sensor functionalities have to be designed carefully. In particular, designing energy-efficient packet forwarding is important to maximize the lifetime of the network and to minimize the power usage at each node. This paper presents a Geographic Energy-Aware Multipath Stream-based (GEAMS) routing protocol for WMSNs. GEAMS routing decisions are made online, at each forwarding node in such a way that there is no need to global topology knowledge and maintenance. GEAMS routing protocol performs load-balancing to minimize energy consumption among nodes using twofold policy: (1) smart greedy forwarding and (2) walking back forwarding. Performances evaluations of GEAMS show that it can maximize the network lifetime and guarantee quality of service for video stream transmission in WMSNs

A kernel weighted smoothed maximum score estimator for the endogenous binary choice model

This dissertation considers a local control function approach for the binary response model under endogeneity. The objective of the Smoothed Maximum Score estimator (SMSE)(Horowitz 1992) is modified by weighting the observations with a kernel. Under some mild regularity conditions similar in nature to those of the SMSE, the consistency of this Kernel Weighted Smoothed Maximum Score estimator (KWSMSE) is established. Also, under some smoothness conditions the KWSMSE\u27s asymptotic normality is established. Furthermore, the covariance of the limiting distribution can be estimated consistently from data permitting convenient inferences. Under stronger regularity conditions a Score Approximation Smoothed Maximum Score Estimator (SASMSE) constructed via sieves is shown to achieve a faster rate of convergence in probability. Some Monte Carlo experiments are conducted highlighting the robust advantage of these estimators. Finally, these estimation techniques are applied to assess the effect of education on maternal pregnancy smoking using the 1988 National Health Interview Survey

La mise en œuvre de la tarification à l'activité à l'hôpital : des enjeux économiques et sociaux compatibles ?

La nouvelle loi de financement de la Sécurité sociale fait de la réforme de la tarification à l'activité (T2A) des établissements de santé un levier essentiel de la modernisation de l'offre hospitalière. Celle-ci institue une forme de contrôle de gestion au moyen d'une refonte progressive du système de financement des établissements de soins. La mise en place de la T2A s'inscrit dans une légitime préoccupation d'amélioration et de « sauvetage » du système de santé, mais désoriente les personnels hospitaliers, mal préparés à ce changement. Le risque est, dès lors, qu'il génère une distorsion du lien social. L'intégration d'une logique d'activité économique modifie pratiquement l'objet social de l'hôpital et la nature historique de la mission qui lui fut confiée. Comment concilier la poursuite de l'intérêt général et une gestion budgétaire fondée sur l'activité concrète ? Comment préserver le caractère public de la mission en obéissant à des impératifs positivement définis ? Notre contribution, principalement exploratoire, vise à décrire et expliquer les principaux enjeux et conséquences de la réforme pour les établissements de santé publics.Hôpital public; tarification à l'activité; système de santé; lien social; gouvernance

El cinema com a necessitat vital

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