The public expenses on universities in the Czech republic as determinant of GDP growth

Tato diplomová práce zkoumá vztah vzdělávání, lidského kapitálu a ekonomického růstu. V první části práce je definován lidský kapitál a popsána jeho vazba na růstové modely. V druhé části práce jsou analyzovány výdaje na vysoké školství, především ty veřejné. Je popsána struktura současného financování a provedena analýza vývoje výdajů v čase. Ve třetí části je empiricky testován krátkodobý a dlouhodobý vztah mezi výdaji a hrubým domácím produktem. Cílem práce je prozkoumat vztah mezi veřejnými výdaji na vysoké školství v České republice a makroekonomický růstem reprezentovaným růstem hrubého domácího produktu. Hlavní hypotéza zní, že tyto veřejné výdaje jsou determinantou růstu HDP.This diploma thesis researches the relation of education, human capital and economic growth. In the first part the human capital is defined and its connection to growth models is described. In the second part the expenses on education by universities are analyzed, especially the public ones. The structure of current funding is also described and the development of expenses is analyzed. In the third part the short-term and the long-term relations between expenses and gross domestic product are empirically tested. The goal of the thesis is research of the relation between public expenses on universities in the Czech republic and the macroeconomic growth represented by gross domestic product. The main hypothesis is that these public expenses are determinant of GDP growth

Perspectives for the funding of tertiary education in the Czech Republic

Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá financováním terciárního školství a jeho perspektivou. Terciární školství zužuje na oblast veřejných vysokých škol. V první části je stručně popsáno české školství a jeho struktura. Dále je definován pojem terciární školství. V druhé části je podrobněji popsáno a rozebráno současné financování veřejných vysokých škol včetně budoucích vyhlídek celého systému. V prostřední části je představen koncept cost sharingu, jeho výhody a nevýhody. Ve čtvrté části se práce zabývá možnostmi zavedení cost sharingu v ČR, kdy vychází z dosavadních plánů českého vzdělávání. Cílem práce je zjistit, zda by cost sharing byl vhodným řešením pro vyřešení současných problémů financování veřejných vysokých škol.This bachelor's thesis focuses on the financing of the tertiary education and its perspectives. The tertiary education is reduced to public high schools. In the first part the czech education system and its structure is consisely described. Next the concept of tertiary education is defined. In the second part the contemporary financing system of public high schools, including its future, is described and analyzed. The middle part introduces concept of cost sharing, its advantages and disadvantages. In the fourth part the work explores the posibilities of installation of cost sharing in the Czech Republic. The goal of the work is an answer on the question if the cost sharing would be the proper solution for current problems of financing public high schools

Why do psychiatric patients stop antipsychotic medication? A systematic review of reasons for nonadherence to medication in patients with serious mental illness

Dawn I Velligan,1 Martha Sajatovic,2 Ainslie Hatch,3 Pavel Kramata,4 John P Docherty3 1Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 2Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 3Medical Affairs, ODH, Inc., Princeton, NJ, 4C4 MedSolutions LLC, Yardley, PA, USA Background: Antipsychotic medication reduces the severity of serious mental illness (SMI) and improves patient outcomes only when medicines were taken as prescribed. Nonadherence to the treatment of SMI increases the risk of relapse and hospitalization and reduces the quality of life. It is necessary to understand the factors influencing nonadherence to medication in order to identify appropriate interventions. This systematic review assessed the published evidence on modifiable reasons for nonadherence to antipsychotic medication in patients with SMI. Methods: Articles published between January 1, 2005, and September 10, 2015, were searched on MEDLINE through PubMed. Abstracts were independently screened by 2 randomly assigned authors for inclusion, and disagreement was resolved by another author. Selected full-text articles were divided among all authors for review. Results: A qualitative analysis of data from 36 articles identified 11 categories of reasons for nonadherence. Poor insight was identified as a reason for nonadherence in 55.6% (20/36) of studies, followed by substance abuse (36.1%, 13/36), a negative attitude toward medication (30.5%, 11/36), medication side effects (27.8%, 10/36), and cognitive impairments (13.4%, 7/36). A key reason directly associated with intentional nonadherence was a negative attitude toward medication, a mediator of effects of insight and therapeutic alliance. Substance abuse was the only reason consistently associated with unintentional nonadherence, regardless of type and stage of SMI. Discussion: Although adherence research is inherently biased because of numerous methodological limitations and specific reasons under investigation, reasons for nonadherence consistently identified as significant across studies likely reflect valid existing associations with important clinical implications. Conclusion: This systematic review suggests that a negative attitude toward medication and substance abuse are consistent reasons for nonadherence to antipsychotic medication among people with SMI. Adherence enhancement approaches that specifically target these reasons may improve adherence in a high-risk group. However, it is also important to identify drivers of poor adherence specific to each patient in selecting and implementing intervention strategies. Keywords: adherence, antipsychotics, attitude toward medication, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, substance abus