496 research outputs found

    Comparison of two closed-path cavity-based spectrometers for measuring air-water CO<inf>2</inf> and CH<inf>4</inf> fluxes by eddy covariance

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    In recent years several commercialised closed-path cavity-based spectroscopic instruments designed for eddy covariance flux measurements of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and water vapour (H2O) have become available. Here we compare the performance of two leading models - the Picarro G2311-f and the Los Gatos Research (LGR) Fast Greenhouse Gas Analyzer (FGGA) at a coastal site. Both instruments can compute dry mixing ratios of CO2 and CH4 based on concurrently measured H2O, temperature, and pressure. Additionally, we used a high throughput Nafion dryer to physically remove H2O from the Picarro airstream. Observed air-sea CO2 and CH4 fluxes from these two analysers, averaging about 12 and 0.12 mmol m-2 day-1 respectively, agree within the measurement uncertainties. For the purpose of quantifying dry CO2 and CH4 fluxes downstream of a long inlet, the numerical H2O corrections appear to be reasonably effective and lead to results that are comparable to physical removal of H2O with a Nafion dryer in the mean. We estimate the high-frequency attenuation of fluxes in our closed-path set-up, which was relatively small (≤ 10 %) for CO2 and CH4 but very large for the more polar H2O. The Picarro showed significantly lower noise and flux detection limits than the LGR. The hourly flux detection limit for the Picarro was about 2 mmol m-2 day-1 for CO2 and 0.02 mmol m-2 day-1 for CH4. For the LGR these detection limits were about 8 and 0.05 mmol m-2 day-1. Using global maps of monthly mean air-sea CO2 flux as reference, we estimate that the Picarro and LGR can resolve hourly CO2 fluxes from roughly 40 and 4 % of the world's oceans respectively. Averaging over longer timescales would be required in regions with smaller fluxes. Hourly flux detection limits of CH4 from both instruments are generally higher than the expected emissions from the open ocean, though the signal to noise of this measurement may improve closer to the coast

    Luminescence properties and time-resolved spectroscopy of rare-earth doped SrMoO4 single crystals

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    The work of V. Pankratova was supported by the financial support of Scientific Research Project for Students and Young Researchers (SJZ/2020/05) realized at Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia. The Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia as the Center of Excellence has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under grant agreement No. 739508, project CAMART2.Luminescence properties of nominally pure and doped with Eu3+ and Pr3+ ions SrMoO4 single crystals grown by the Czochralski method have been studied. Thermal quenching of intrinsic emission of pure and doped SrMoO4 single crystals has been observed, as well as a correlation of thermal quenching activation energies with rare-earth ion concentration has been observed. Tunable laser was used to study time-resolved luminescence in a range from 10 K to room temperature. The effect of dopant nature and concentration on intrinsic emission and decay kinetics has been elucidated. --//-- Viktorija Pankratova, Elizaveta E. Dunaeva, Irina S. Voronina, Anna P. Kozlova, Roman Shendrik, Vladimir Pankratov, Luminescence properties and time-resolved spectroscopy of rare-earth doped SrMoO4 single crystals, Optical Materials: X, Volume 15, 2022, 100169, ISSN 2590-1478, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omx.2022.100169. Article published under the CC BY-NC-ND licence.Scientific Research Project for Students and Young Researchers (SJZ/2020/05); the Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia as the Center of Excellence has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under grant agreement No. 739508, project CAMART2

    Ultrasonic diagnosis of renal abscess pyelonephritis in a child (case from practice)

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    This article describes a rare case of suppurative lesions of the kidney in the girlyounger than one year. She suffered from acute respiratory disease, and prolonged fever. In the blood and urine there were inflammatory changes. The ultrasound examination of the urinary system was carried out, which showed expansion of the right renal pelvis. According to the results of the survey the child was diagnosed with pyelonephritis and transferred to our clinic. Ultrasound exam performed in the Department of Nephrology revealed multiple focal formations of the right kidney up to 2.0 cm. When using a color Doppler to check for damage, the blood flow in them was not recorded, which indicated the inflammatory changes. The right kidney was enlarged compared to the left one, with increased echogenicity of the parenchyma. The paranephral fiber on the right kidney was thickened, heterogeneous structure contained a single liquid inclusion. Ultrasound specialists made a conclusion about there was an abscess of the right kidney - paranephritis. The child was operated. The revision of the right kidney revealed multiple abscesses; the puncture was performed of large focal masses and pus was removed from the paranephral fiber

    Research of the Expression of Aggressivity in Counselors of Children’s Recreation Camps

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    Статья содержит анализ причин агрессивного поведения студентов-вожатых, результаты исследования уровня легитимизации агрессии в определенных сферах, уровня агрессивности в межличностных отношениях, а также возможных причини последствий агрессивного поведения студентов-вожатых.The article contains an analysis of the causes of aggressive behavior of students who have experience in children ‘s recreation camps, the results of the study of the level of legitimization of aggression in certain spheres, the level of aggression in interpersonal relations, as well as the possible causes and consequences of aggressive behavior of students who have experience in children ‘s recreation camps

    Features of model coronaviruses distribution in feline organs and tissues in the context of COVID-19 pathogenesis study

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    To date, the reisreason to believe that, unlike classical a cuterespiratory virusinfections caused by adenoviruses, rhinoviruses, orthomyxoviruses, COVID-19 behaves completely differently. Firstly, the pathological process esare likely to be immune-mediated and the immun esystem quites lowly ensurest heelimination of the virus from the organism. Secondly, the dynamics of the diseases ymptom development and the duration of intestinal virusshedding after recovery give reason to believe that theSARS-CoV-2 infection is mainly localizedin the intestine. A possible reason isthat in the presence of proteolyticenzymes, viral particlesmature, hydrophilic aminoacids are removed from the surface of the virion, making it more hydrophobic and able to ad here to cells due to hydrophobic interactions. The presence of the ACE2 recept or mainly in the enterocytes of the ileumdoes not exclude the accumulation of coronavirusin lymphocytes, given that there are more lymphocytes in the gastrointestinal tract than anywhere else, this fact can beconsidered as another justification for the predominant accumulation of coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2 in the intestine. A distinctive feature of feline coronavirus infection and, in particular, infectious feline peritonitis, from human COVID-19 infection was considered to be the presence of effusion peritonitis as the main complication leading to death, while respiratory and card iovascular in sufficiency is more characteristic for humans. Never the less, cases of serous peritonitis in humans infected with COVID-19 have already been described. In the context of the analyzed model, theclinical case describedin the study allows principal possibility of exacerbation of chronic coronavirus infection in caseof re-infection (superinfection) and development of apredominantlylocal infection

    Влияние БОС-тренинга на эффективность когнитивных тренировок у пациентов с инсультом

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    Original manuscript received March 03, 2020.Revised manuscript accepted March 30, 2020.Introduction. The clinical significance of cognitive impairments remaining in patients with acute cerebrovascular accidents (stroke) in the second rehabilitation period actualizes the need for their correction. The technique of cognitive training shows a high degree of cognitive function recovery, but negative emotional states that may occur in patients during rehabilitation may reduce its positive effect. In this regard, the use of biofeedback (BFB) training to stabilize the patients’ psycho-emotional state before cognitive training can increase its effectiveness. Purpose. To evaluate the impact of BFB-training on the effectiveness of cognitive training in patients with acute cerebrovascular disorders in the second rehabilitation period. Design. 41 post-stroke patients (ischemic stroke) in their late recovery period with varying degrees of cognitive impairments, not reaching the level of dementia, completed a course of standard rehabilitation and psychological treatment, including cognitive training sessions. Of these, 20 patients (the experimental group), before cognitive training, additionally underwent a BFB-training based on the skin conductance parameter. Psychodiagnostic evaluation conducted before and after the rehabilitation course included a study of visual and auditory-speech memory, volume, distribution, and attention switching, the level of depression, as well as unconscious and conscious anxiety. Results. After the course of rehabilitation and psychological treatment, the experimental group showed a statistically significant improvement in all cognitive functions and indicators of psycho-emotional state. Positive dynamics in the control group is observed only in the cognitive sphere. The level of cognitive functions in the experimental group after the rehabilitation course was significantly higher than in the control one. Conclusions. An additional inclusion of BFB-training in the course of rehabilitation and psychological treatment helps to increase the effectiveness of cognitive training by stabilizing the psycho-emotional state, as well as by providing a positive impact of biofeedback methods on cognitive functions.Введение. Клиническая значимость сохраняющихся когнитивных нарушений у пациентов с острым нарушением мозгового кровообращения во втором реабилитационном периоде актуализирует необходимость их коррекции. Метод когнитивных тренировок показывает высокую степень восстановления когнитивных функций, однако негативные эмоциональные состояния, которые иногда возникают у пациентов в процессе реабилитации, могут снижать его положительное влияние. Использование БОС-тренинга для стабилизации психоэмоционального состояния перед когнитивными тренировками может повысить их эффективность. Цель. Оценить влияние БОС-тренинга на эффективность когнитивных тренировок у пациентов с острым нарушением мозгового кровообращения во втором реабилитационном периоде. Дизайн. 41 пациент с ишемическим инсультом в позднем восстановительном периоде с разной степенью когнитивного снижения, не достигающего уровня деменции, прошел курс стандартных реабилитационно-психологических мероприятий, содержащий когнитивные тренировки. Из них 20 пациентов (экспериментальная группа) дополнительно перед тренировками проходили БОС-тренинг по параметру электрической кожной проводимости. Психодиагностическая оценка, проводимая до и после курса реабилитации, включала исследование зрительной и слухоречевой памяти, объема, распределения и переключения внимания, уровня депрессии, а также неосознаваемой и осознаваемой тревоги. Результаты. После курса реабилитационно-психологических мероприятий в экспериментальной группе отмечено статистически значимое улучшение всех когнитивных функций и показателей психоэмоционального состояния. Положительная динамика в контрольной группе наблюдалась только в когнитивной сфере. Уровень когнитивных функций в экспериментальной группе после курса реабилитации был достоверно выше, чем в контрольной. Выводы. Дополнительное включение БОС-тренинга в курс реабилитационнопсихологических мероприятий способствует повышению эффективности когнитивных тренировок за счет стабилизации психоэмоционального состояния, а также положительного влияния методов биоуправления на когнитивные функции.The study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project № 18-013-00937 “A biopsychosocial approach to rehabilitation of patients with cerebrovascular diseases: An integrative psychological model of health evaluation”

    Dissemination, Abundance Rates and Epizootiological Significance of the Tick Dermacentor reticulatus in the Territory of the Tula Region

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    Objective of the study is to summarize long-term data on the dynamics of areal and abundance rates of the prairie tick, D. reticulatus in the territory of the Tula Region. Materials and methods. Processed and reviewed have been literature sources, archive documents, and results of personal observations over a period of 1949–2013. Applied have been computer-based software products Google Earth, MapInfo Professional v. 11.5. wrapped in GIS Software Package. Results and conclusions. It is determined that over the last decade D. reticulatus has been found not only in the forest and adjacent western forest-steppe zone, but also in the eastern and south-eastern forest-steppe area. Specified have been the territories with uniformly high density of population and sparse distribution of D. reticulatus ticks. It is established that nowadays abundance rates of the ticks show no substantial differences both in the forestmeadow areas of the forest zone, and similar areas of the forest-steppe zone. Identified has been correlation between the nature of F. tularensis culture isolation from D. reticulatus and intensity of epizootic process of tularemia infection, which allows for in-time targeted epizootiological survey and regulation of preventive activities

    Coronacrisis: threats and opportunities for the financial market

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    The results of a scientific study of various areas of the financial market (such as credit market, insurance market, investment market, currency market, stocks and bonds market), aimed at studying the potential opportunities and threats from a pandemic COVID-19 are presented. In the work qualitative analysis of financial events in 2020 were used, the opinions of experts were analyzed, and statistical data was interpreted. Main conclusion: there is a reduction in production activity around the world which caused a decline in oil prices, led to a sharp decline in stock prices in major markets and the fact that bond yields began to decrease

    Social representations of HIV/AIDS in five Central European and Eastern European countries: A multidimensional analysis

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    Cognitive processing models of risky sexual behaviour have proliferated in the two decades since the first reporting of HIV/AIDS, but far less attention has been paid to individual and group representations of the epidemic and the relationship between these representations and reported sexual behaviours. In this study, 494 business people and medics from Estonia, Georgia, Hungary, Poland and Russia sorted free associations around HIV/AIDS in a matrix completion task. Exploratory factor and multidimensional scaling analyses revealed two main dimensions (labelled ‘Sex’ and ‘Deadly disease’), with significant cultural and gender variations along both dimension scores. Possible explanations for these results are discussed in the light of growing concerns over the spread of the epidemic in this region
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