209 research outputs found

    The Digital Society in the 21st Century: Security Issue

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    Digitalization is thought to be a key driver of recent economic, cultural, political, and society transformations, with these changes entailing both positive and negative consequences. The negative ones include various risks and threats for information security of both society and state. As a result, there has been growing impetus to rethink the concept of security in the digital age. In this paper the discourse of security is discussed in terms of dichotomy between soft and hard power in a digitalized society. This discussion involves the following issues to be considered: 1) how this soft/hard range of power can be applied to the security problem; 2) how different information threats could be countered within the discourse of the state security; 3) how the soft security could be implemented in a digitalized society. Structured analysis, discourse analysis and conceptual approach are mainly involved to provide research methodology for the discussion. It should be noted that our research is conducted within theoretical framework established by B. Buzan, J. Nye, with the acknowledgment of the results obtained from the previous studies of the authors of this paper. The concept of security was productively discussed in terms of soft and hard power vocabulary. As a result of this discussion, soft security was interpreted as the measure of protecting something from harm in invisible, unobtrusive ways, whether hard security was designed to oppose challenges and threats and it is traditionally associated with methods of force. It was particularly established that hard security measures are likely to be applied in the military sector, while soft security measures are commonly used in a non-military context. Due to the concept of soft security has not yet been clearly defined and has not received recognition as a scientific term, it is argued that further investigation is demanded. Within this investigation, information security is interpreted as a special category of soft security. The relevant distinction between information security and cybersecurity is made, with the different frequency of using these terms in official discourses of different states being explained. It is also considered that the problems of soft security insurance cannot be solved at the level of individual states due to the transnational nature of digital technology, so it requires international responses. Therefore, establishing the normative force (i.e. elaboration of international rules and institutions) can be an effective measure, while an international exchange of experience in countering information threats seems to be very useful. Educational programs aimed both at creating qualified personnel in the field of digital technologies, as well as at the general public (improving information literacy), also contribute to ensuring the safety of society and the state. Keywords: information security, digital society, soft security, international relationships, cybersecurit

    Β«Soft powerΒ» in Chinese political science and practice

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    Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ затрагиваСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ‚Π° «мягкая сила» китайскими исслСдоватСлями, анализируСтся Π²ΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ «мягких» стратСгий Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅. УтвСрТдаСтся, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ китайского дискурса «мягкой силы» являСтся Π°ΠΊΡ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚ Π½Π° ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρƒ Π² противовСс ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ политичСских цСнностСй. ΠžΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ‚Ρƒ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ структурный, рСсурсный, Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ…ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄, ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ†Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ принятия ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ‚Π° ΠΈ ΡƒΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ поиска Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… способов увСличСния государствСнной ΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ. ΠŸΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ рСализация ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ «мягкой силы» Π² КНР ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎ нСскольким направлСниям: Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ общСствСнной Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠΈ, интСнсификация ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ², дипломатия ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ, Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π° с диаспорой, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹, созданиС благоприятного ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΆΠ° страны ΠΈ участиС Π² ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… организациях.The article studies the problem of interpretation of soft power concept by Chinese researchers, analyzes the embodiment of soft strategies in practice. It is alleged that the peculiarity of the Chinese soft power discourse is the emphasis on culture as opposed to the promotion of political values. The main approaches to the concept are structural, resource, split-level, as well as an approach that denies the need for the concept and asserts the importance of finding a more organic way to increase the power of the state. The practical implementation of the soft power policy in China goes on several fronts: the development of public diplomacy, the intensification of educational exchanges, assistance diplomacy, working with diaspora, promotion of culture creating favorable image of the country and participate in international organizations

    ΠœΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½Π³ украинской худоТСствСнной ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ

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    На ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π»Π°Ρ… Π΄Ρ–ΡΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ– ΡƒΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ—Π½ΡΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ†Ρ‚Π² Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»Ρ–Π΄ΠΆΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ†Ρ–Ρ— Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ‡ΠΎΡ— ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ–Ρ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Π·Π±ΡƒΡ‚Ρƒ, спСцифіки ΠΊΡƒΠΏΡ–Π²Π»Ρ– Ρ– читання Π»Ρ–Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎ-Ρ…ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡŒΠΎΡ— ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠΊΠΈ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡƒΡ”Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ комплСкс ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½Π³Ρƒ, ΠΎΡ€Ρ–Ρ”Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π° Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ‡Π° (споТивача) як систСма Π΄Ρ–ΠΉ, ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ… Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΌ формуванням ΡƒΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ—Π½ΡΡŒΠΊΠΎΡ— масової Ρ…ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡŒΠΎΡ— ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠΊΠΈ Ρ– Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΊΠΎΠΌ Ρ–Π½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–ΠΉ.The trends of publishing policy, peculiarities of buying and reading fiction are studied on the basis of the activities of Ukrainian publishers. Reader-oriented marketing is offered as the system of actions prompted by the dynamic development of Ukrainian fiction literature and the development of information technologies.На ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π°Ρ… Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ украинских ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, сбыта, спСцифики ΠΊΡƒΠΏΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈ чтСния Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎ-худоТСствСнной ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠΊΠΈ. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ комплСкс ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½Π³Π°, ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π° читатСля (потрСбитСля) ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ систСма дСйствий, обусловлСнных динамичСским Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ украинской массовой худоТСствСнной ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ

    Π˜Π½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ситуация Π½Π° Ρ€Ρ‹Π½ΠΊΠ΅ дСтской Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ Π£ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ (состояниС ΠΈ пСрспСктивы развития)

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    ΠžΡ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ стан Ρ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡƒ дитячої Π»Ρ–Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€ΠΈ Π² Π£ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ—Π½Ρ– Π·Π° 2005-2009 Ρ€ΠΎΠΊΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π½ΠΎ якісні Ρ‚Π° ΠΊΡ–Π»ΡŒΠΊΡ–ΡΠ½Ρ– Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ дослідТСння сСгмСнту Ρ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡƒ дитячої Π»Ρ–Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€ΠΈ.Status of Ukraine’s market of literature for children in 2005-2009 is described. Descriptive and measured outputs of the market are supplied.Π”Π°Π½Π° характСристика состояния Ρ€Ρ‹Π½ΠΊΠ° дСтской Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ Π² Π£ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΈΠ½Π΅ Π·Π° 2005-09 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹, прСдоставлСны качСствСнныС ΠΈ количСствСнныС Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ исслСдования сСгмСнта Ρ€Ρ‹Π½ΠΊΠ° дСтской Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹

    ΠžΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ ΠΈ соврСмСнноС состояниС сСтСвых ΠΌΠ°Π³Π°Π·ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π²Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΡ… стран ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π° ΠΈ Π£ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹

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    ΠœΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΡ– ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ°Π³Π°Π·ΠΈΠ½Ρ–Π² – явищС Π½ΠΎΠ²Π΅, Π°Π»Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ†ΡŒΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π½ΡŒΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ. Π£ статті систСматизовано Π΄Π°Π½Ρ–, ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½Ρ– Π² Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Ρ– дослідТСння історії Ρ– сучасного стану ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ—Π½ світу.Network of bookshops – a new phenomenon, but they are quite dynamically evolving. The article reveals integrated data obtained in the study of history and current status of the book market of the leading countries of the world.Π‘Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ°Π³Π°Π·ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² – явлСниС Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅, Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ этом ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ достаточно Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ. Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ систСматизированы Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π² Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ исслСдования истории ΠΈ соврСмСнного состояния ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Ρ‹Π½ΠΊΠ° Π²Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΡ… стран ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π°

    Π Π΅ΠΊΠ»Π°ΠΌΠ½ΠΎ-информационная Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Ρ‹Π½ΠΊΠ΅ Π£ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹

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    ΠŸΠΈΡ‚Π°Π½Π½Ρ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠ»Π°ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΡ— Ρ‚Π° Ρ–Π½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡ— Π΄Ρ–ΡΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ– Π½Π° ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡƒ Π½Π° ΡΡŒΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ–ΡˆΠ½Ρ–ΠΉ дСнь Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π½ΡŒΠΎ дослідТСно. Π”ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π΅ уміння розділяти Ρ†Ρ– Π΄Π²Π° поняття Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Ρ”Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»Ρƒ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ Ρ– Ρ—Ρ… профСсійнС об’єднання Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΡ… Π΅Ρ‚Π°ΠΏΠ°Ρ… Π· ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡŽ популяризації Книги Ρ– Читання. Π£ статті Ρ€ΠΎΠ·ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎ сучасні ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΈ Ρ†Ρ–Ρ”Ρ— Π³Π°Π»ΡƒΠ·Ρ– Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ–ΠΊΠΈ Ρ– Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ— Π· Ρ—Ρ… Ρ€Ρ–ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ.Question about advertising and spreading information on the fiction market nowadays is harmful. Separating of these two definitions at the beginning of the books’ life period and their professional combination for the purpose of popularization of Book and Reading on the following stages of product’s life – is important. The clause reveals up-to-date problems of this market and recommendations on their solving.Вопрос Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠ»Π°ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Ρ‹Π½ΠΊΠ΅ Π½Π° сСгодняшний дСнь нСдостаточно исслСдован. ΠžΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ эти Π΄Π²Π° понятия Π² Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π΅ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π° ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ объСдинСниС Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… этапах с Ρ†Π΅Π»ΡŒΡŽ популяризации Книги ΠΈ ЧтСния. Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ раскрыты соврСмСнныС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ этой отрасли экономики ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ

    ΠšΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ выставки-ярмарки ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈ Ρ€Ρ‹Π½ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ‹ книгораспространСния

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    ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»Ρ–Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ„Ρ–Ρ—, калСндарності ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… виставок-ярмарок Π£ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ—Π½ΠΈ, виявлСні ΠΏΡ€Ρ–ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ– для Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°Π²Ρ†Ρ–Π² ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠ²Ρ– інструмСнти виставково-ярмаркової Π΄Ρ–ΡΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ–.The development of geography and schedule of book fairs in Ukraine are analyzed. Priority market tools used by publishers during book fairs are defined.ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΠΈ, калСндарности ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… выставок-ярмарок Π£ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹, выявлСны ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ для ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ инструмСнты выставочно-ярмарочной Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ

    Analysis of Chinese Humanitarian Diplomacy in English Scientific Literature

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    Π’ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° англоязычных источников Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ особСнности Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠΈ КНР, пСрСчислСны ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΡ‹ оказания ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ, Ρ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ структура Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠΈ, освСщСны Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ китайского дискурса Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ.As a result of the analysis of English-language scientific sources, the characteristic features of humanitarian diplomacy of the PRC are highlighted, the principles of assistance are listed, the institutional structure of humanitarian diplomacy is analyzed, and the features of the Chinese discourse of humanitarian assistance are highlighted.Π Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π° Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ финансовой ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ΅ РЀЀИ Π² Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° β„– 20-014-00033 Β«ΠšΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ†ΠΈΡ полимодальной Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠΈ: рСализация, инструмСнты ΠΈ Ρ†ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΒ»

    Features of cascading disk-gear extrusion of plastics

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    ΠΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡŽ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π΅ΡŽ сьогодСння Ρ” вдосконалСння установок для Скструзії тСрмоластів, Π· ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡŽ підвищСння ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΡ–Π² рСсурсоСнСргоСфСктивності. ДослідТСння особливостСй Π·Π°Π²Π°Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΆΡƒΠ²Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΡƒΠ²Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡ— Π·ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ (Π—ΠŸΠ—) Ρ– ліквідація Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ»Ρ–ΠΊΡ–Π² дозволяє Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π·Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈ Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ процСсу. Для досягнСння якісних Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ–Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ каскадній дисково-ΡˆΠ΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Ρ–ΠΉ Скструзії ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»Ρ–Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ– ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ процСсу диспСрсійного плавлСння Π³Ρ€Π°Π½ΡƒΠ» тСрмопласту, Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ…ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽΡ‡ΠΈ всі особливості Ρ„Ρ–Π·ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡ— ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ– процСсу Скструзії. ДиспСрсійна модСль плавлСння Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ³Π°Ρ”Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΡˆΠ»ΡΡ…ΠΎΠΌ дотримання ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡ— ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ‡Ρ– сировини Π² Π·Π°Π²Π°Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΆΡƒΠ²Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρƒ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρƒ. Π¦Π΅ Π·Π°Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΡƒΡ” Ρ–Π½Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡ„Ρ–ΠΊΠ°Ρ†Ρ–ΡŽ процСсу Ρ– Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡˆΡƒΡ” значСння Π·Π°Π³Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡ— Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΆΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π—ΠŸΠ—. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Ρ†ΡŒΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΆΠΈΠ½Π° ділянки Π· максимально Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠΌ напряму Π·Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ–Π΄ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρƒ дискової Π·ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ. Π†Π· зростанням ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρƒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ–ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΡ–Ρ‰ΡƒΡ”Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ Π·Π°Π²Π°Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΆΡƒΠ²Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡ— Π³ΠΎΡ€Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ. ΠŸΠΎΠ»Ρ–ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ поступово ΡƒΡ‰Ρ–Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡŽΡ”Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ Π—ΠŸΠ— ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Ρ–ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π½ΡŽΡ”Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ. Π— Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ–Π³Ρ€Ρ–Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ 107Π‘ диску, Ρ‰ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Ρ”Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Π·Π½Ρ–ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ Ρ– Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ€Ρ–Π·Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ Π½Π° ΠΎΠΊΡ€Π΅ΠΌΡ– ділянки Π·Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ–ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρƒ. ΠŸΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π½ΡŒΠΎ для полСгшСння процСсу Π²Ρ–Π·ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ дослідТСння, ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ–ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π±ΡƒΠ² Π·Π°Π±Π°Ρ€Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ 0,5% Π±Π»Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ‚Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡ–Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»Ρ–Π·Ρƒ ΠΏΡ–Π΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Ρ†Π΅Π·Π΄Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΡ— Ρ„Ρ–Π·ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡ— ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ– процСсів, Ρ‰ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Ρ–ΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ Π² Π—ΠŸΠ— дискового СкструдСра. Внаслідок Ρ†ΡŒΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·β€™ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡ”Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ€Π°Ρ…ΡƒΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ час пСрСбування Π³Ρ€Π°Π½ΡƒΠ»ΠΈ Π² Π—ΠŸΠ— Ρ– Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΆΠΈΠ½Ρƒ Π³Π²ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ— Π½Π°Ρ€Ρ–Π·ΠΊΠΈ Π² Ρ†Ρ–ΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ– Π² залСТності Π²Ρ–Π΄ продуктивності. Врахування всіх особливостСй процСсу дисково-ΡˆΠ΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡ— Скструзії дозволяє створити ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ–Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρƒ, рСсурсоСфСктивну установку Ρ– Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»Ρ–Π·ΡƒΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ Ρ—Ρ— Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ†Ρ–.The relevant task of today is to improve the installations for thermostat extrusion, in order to increase the indicators of resource/energy efficiency. The study of the features peculiar to the loading and melting area (LMA) and the elimination of shortcomings can significantly reduce the energy costs of the process. To achieve high-quality results in cascading disk-gear extrusion, the main methods of the dispersion melting of thermoplastic granules are analyzed, taking into account all the features of the physical model of the extrusion process. The dispersion model of melting is achieved by observing a limited supply of raw materials to the loading area. This ensures the intensification of the process and significantly reduces the total length of the LMA. In this case, the length of the area with the most filled channel directly depends on the resistance of the disk zone. With increasing resistance, the polymer stopper moves to the loading neck. The polymer is gradually compacted, and each leakage of the LMA is periodically filled. From the rotating disk heated to 107 oC, samples of the polymer were removed and cut into separate sections. Previously, to facilitate the process of visual research, the polymer was colored with 0.5% blue pigment. The results of the analysis confirmed the performance of the proposed physical model for the processes occuring in the disk-gear extruder. As a result, it is possible to calculate the time over which the granules stay in the LMA and the length of the screw cutting in this area, depending on the performance. Taking into account all the features of the disk-gear extrusion process allows creating an upgraded productive, resource-efficient installation and implementing it into practice

    Soft Power: Attractiveness or Manipulation?

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    The article studies the perception of the soft power concept by different groups of researchers. The author gives his own definition of soft power, lists its main characteristics. It is pointed out that supporters of realistic theory criticize the phenomenon under consideration, since it is difficult to measure and apply in practice. The main positions of Russian researchers are singled out (consideration of soft power as an attractive power, humanitariancultural power and psychological-ideological power). It is pointed out that the evaluation of the concept depends on the researcher’s belonging to a particular scientific school.Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ исслСдуСтся восприятиС ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ‚Π° «мягкая сила» Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ исслСдоватСлСй. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡΡ авторскоС ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ «мягкой силы», ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡ΠΈΡΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΅Π΅ основныС характСристики. УказываСтся, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ сторонники рСалистичСской Ρ‚Π΅ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ критичСски относятся ΠΊ рассматриваСмому явлСнию, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΅Π³ΠΎ слоТно ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅. Π’Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ основныС ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΈ российских исслСдоватСлСй (рассмотрСниС «мягкой силы» ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡΠ³Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ силы, Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎ-ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ силы ΠΈ психолого-идСологичСской силы). УказываСтся, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ‚Π° зависит ΠΎΡ‚ принадлСТности исслСдоватСля ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ школС
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