904 research outputs found

    Development of Internet communication and social networking in modern conditions: institutional and legal aspects

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    The development of the Internet, which has been active over the past two decades, is leading to the formation of new forms of human interaction on the World Wide Web. One of such forms is actually social networks, which from the beginning of their activity are used mainly as a way to ensure human communication. However, such a big number of consumers with the usual ways of buying goods and services, lead to the search for new platforms for companies to do business, which in turn provokes the transition of social networks to a fundamentally new level of activity

    Nonequilibrium structural condition in the medical TiNi-based alloy surface layer treated by electron beam

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    The research is devoted to study the structural condition and their evolution from the surface to the depth of TiNi specimens treated by low-energy high-current electron beams with surface melting at a beam energy density E = 10 J/cm2, number of pulses N = 10, and pulse duration [tau] = 50 Ps. Determined thickness of the remelted layer, found that it has a layered structure in which each layer differs in phase composition and structural phase state. Refinement B2 phase lattice parameters in local areas showed the presence of strong inhomogeneous lattice strain

    LAPW frozen-phonon calculation, shell model lattice dynamics and specific-heat measurement of SnO

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    An ab-initio Linear Augmented Plane-Wave (LAPW) calculation of the zone-centered phonon frequencies of SnO has been performed. Eg_g symmetry has been ascribed to the mode observed at 113 cm1^{-1} in Raman measurements, discarding a previous B1g_{1g} assignement. The other phonon modes measured by Raman spectroscopy are also well reproduced. A new shell-model has also been developed, that gives good agreement of the zone-centered frequencies compared to the measured data and the LAPW results. Specific heat measurements have been performed between 5 K and 110 K. Computation of the specific heat and the M\"{o}ssbauer recoilless fraction with the improved shell-model shows a good agreement with the experimental data as a function of temperature.Comment: 11 pages, 1 figure. to appear in Phys. Rev. B (November 1999

    Currency Market in Ukraine: Problems and Prospects

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    Досліджено особливості функціонування валютного ринку України та проаналізовано його динаміку. Виявлено недоліки його функціонування в Україні.Peculiarities of currency market’s in Ukraine are explored and its dynamics is analyzed. The disadvantages of its functioning in Ukraine are revealed

    Operational properties and local wear mechanisms of hard alloys alloyed by tungsten nano carbide under turning

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    Досліджено експлуатаційні властивості твердих сплавів на основі карбіду титану, легованого карбідом ванадію (5% (мас.) і нанокарбідом вольфраму (5, 10, 15% (мас.) з нікель-хромовою зв’язкою (18% (мас.) при поздовжньому та торцевому точінні конструкційних вуглецевих і легованих сталей. Встановлено період стійкості інструментів на операціях напівчистового і чистового точіння й визначено критичну (максимальну) швидкість різання, при якій відбувається катастрофічне зношування твердосплавних пластин. Показано, що використання нанокарбіду вольфраму підвищує зносостійкість ріжучого інструменту – період стійкості сплавів з нано WC складає 109…154 хв і перевищує стійкість стандартних твердих сплавів Т15К6 і ТН20 та сплавів на полікарбідній основі, легованих дрібнодисперсним карбідом вольфраму. Критична швидкість різання сплаву з 5% (мас.) нано WC складає 830 м/хв., а з 15% (мас.) – 980 м/хв. Аналіз зони зношування показав, що вона складається з двох ділянок – трибошару, який містить значну кількість кисню і елементів інструментального та оброблюваного матеріалів, і ділянки абразивного зношування. Встановлено, що основним механізмом локального зношування досліджуваних сплавів є абразивне стирання. Наявність трибошару на задній поверхні різального леза змінює температурно-силові умови процесу різання та руйнування інструментального матеріалу, яке відбувається внаслідок окиснення та дифузійної взаємодії з елементами оброблюваного матеріалу.Sammary. Operational properties of the titanium carbide based hard alloys alloyed by vanadium carbide (5% (wt.) and tungsten nano carbide (5, 10, 15% (wt.) with nickel-chromium binder (18% (wt.) under turning were researched in the paper. The processing of construction carbon and alloyed steels under shoulder and facing turning by inserts made of developed alloys was carried out. The tool life at semi- finishing and finishing turning operations was identified and the critical (maximum) cutting speed at which the critical inserts wear takes place was determined. It was shown that the application of tungsten nano carbide results in the increase of cutting tools wear resistance as the alloys with nano WC tool life is 109…154 min and exceeds that of conventional carbide based hard alloys, tungsten-free hard alloys and polycarbide based alloys alloyed with fine-grained tungsten carbide. The critical cutting speed the alloy with 5% (wt.) nano WC is 830 m/min and for the one with 15% (wt.) is 980 m/min. The features of local wear of alloys alloyed by tungsten nano carbide were studied taking advantage of the electronic microscopy and chemical analysis methods. The analysis of the wear zone showed that it consists of two areas, the tribolayer, containing a significant amount of oxygen and the elements of instrumental and processed materials, and abrasive wear area. It was determined that the abrasion wear is the main local wear mechanism of researched alloys. The main features of demage in the area of abrasive wear are large carbide grains cracking, their parts removal and small carbide grains splintering. Availability of tribolayer on the back surface of the cutting edge changes the temperature and force conditions of the tool material cutting and demage that occurs as a result of oxidation and diffusion interaction with the elements of the processed material
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