Amor est passio : a 15. századi német ajkú területek De amore-kéziratairól

A De amore című szerelmi értekezés a XII. században egyértelműen francia közegben, Marie de Champagne udvarában, francia közönség számára készült, ugyanakkor latin nyelven. A szerelmi értekezés sem a XIII., sem a XIV. században nem tűnik fel német területen, ám a XV. században teret hódít magának. Az elméleti értekezés jelenléte nemcsak nyomokban igazolható, épp ellenkezőleg, az évszázad elejétől a végéig jelen van, a lovagi-didaktikus költészetben jelentős helyet foglal el. Tanulmányomban a traktátus német ajkú területeken megfigyelhető recepciótörténetét mutatom be az általam eddig feldolgozott kódexek alapján. The love dissertation De amore was written in the 12th century in a clear French setting, in the courtyard of Marie de Champagne, for a French audience, but also in Latin. The De amore does not appear on German territory in either the 13th or the 14th centuries, but it makes its way there in the 15th century. The presence of the theoretical dissertation can be justified not only in traces, but on the contrary: it is present from the beginning to the end of the century, it occupies a significant place in knightly-didactic poetry. In my study, I present the reception of the treatise in German territories, based on the codices I have examined so far

A hazai zenei fesztiválokkal kapcsolatos attitűdvizsgálat a Z generáció tagjainak körében

A fesztiválok népszerűsége töretlen, különös tekintettel a zenei fesztiválokra, amelyek nagymértékű változáson mentek keresztül az utóbbi két évtizedben. A résztvevői kör ismeretében megállapítható, hogy főként a fiatal korosztály látogatja ezeket a rendezvényeket, ezért a tanulmány célja a Z generáció attitűdvizsgálata a zenei fesztiválokkal kapcsolatban. Kvalitatív kutatás keretében fókuszcsoportos interjúk kerültek lefolytatásra a célcsoport gondolatainak megismeréséhez. A fesztivállátogatás gyakorisága szerint három csoportban vizsgáltuk a résztvevőket. A primer kutatás eredményei azt mutatják, hogy a fiatalok számára a fellépők, a társaság és az élmény jelentik az elsődleges motivációt a fesztiválon való részvételre, míg a magas árak, a tömeg és a társaság hiánya korlátozza a részvételi szándékot. A tanulmány végén olyan gyakorlati javaslatokat fogalmazunk meg, amelyek a jövőben segítségül szolgálhatnak a fesztiválszervezők számára a potenciális célközönség eléréséhez

Biological control of sweet chestnut on Pécsbánya, Hungary

The supervision of plant hygiene of sweet chestnut grove on Pécsbánya (South Hungary) started more than four years ago. Hypovirulent strains were applied as a biological process to control Cryphonectria parasitica fungus which causes the chestnut blight disease. By now the performed interventions have shown obvious results, the vitality of the trees has greatly improved, the amount of harvested nuts is increasing, and the hypovirulent strain has been spreading within the area. During plant health inspection the galls of chestnut gall wasp (Dryocosmus kuriphilus) was found in the year of 2015, which is the obvious symptom of new occurrence of the pest. The pest was eradicated by destroy galls, which allows taking out of consideration the damage by now in this area

Linalool-induced oxidative stress processes in the human pathogen Candida albicans

The present study investigated the linalool (Lol)-induced effects in acute toxicity tests in the human pathogen Candida albicans (C. albicans). Lol treatments induced reduced germ tube formation of the pathogen, which plays a crucial role in the virulence. In comparison with the untreated control, the exposure of 107 cells ml−1 to 0.7 mM or 1.4 mM Lol for one hour induced 20% and 30% decrements, respectively, in the colony-forming ability. At the same time, these treatments caused dose-dependent decrease in the levels of superoxide anion radical and total reactive oxygen species, while there was 1.5 and 1.8-fold increases in the concentrations of peroxides and lipid peroxides, respectively, indicating oxidative stress induction in the presence of Lol. Lol treatments resulted in different adaptive modifications of the antioxidant system. In 0.7 mM-treated cells, decreased specific activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase were detected, while exposure to 1.4 mM Lol resulted in the up-regulation of catalase, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidases

Olaparib: A Clinically Applied PARP Inhibitor Protects from Experimental Crohn’s Disease and Maintains Barrier Integrity by Improving Bioenergetics through Rescuing Glycolysis in Colonic Epithelial Cells

Crohn's disease (CD) is an inflammatory disorder of the intestines characterized by epithelial barrier dysfunction and mucosal damage. The activity of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is deeply involved in the pathomechanism of inflammation since it leads to energy depletion and mitochondrial failure in cells. Focusing on the epithelial barrier integrity and bioenergetics of epithelial cells, we investigated whether the clinically applied PARP inhibitor olaparib might improve experimental CD. We used the oral PARP inhibitor olaparib in the 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid- (TNBS-) induced mouse colitis model. Inflammatory scoring, cytokine levels, colon histology, hematological analysis, and intestinal permeability were studied. Caco-2 monolayer culture was utilized as an epithelial barrier model, on which we used qPCR and light microscopy imaging, and measured impedance-based barrier integrity, FITC-dextran permeability, apoptosis, mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate, and extracellular acidification rate. Olaparib reduced the inflammation score, the concentration of IL-1β and IL-6, enhanced the level of IL-10, and decreased the intestinal permeability in TNBS-colitis. Blood cell ratios, such as lymphocyte to monocyte ratio, platelet to lymphocyte ratio, and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio were improved. In H(2)O(2)-treated Caco-2 monolayer, olaparib decreased morphological changes, barrier permeability, and preserved barrier integrity. In oxidative stress, olaparib enhanced glycolysis (extracellular acidification rate), and it improved mitochondrial function (mitochondrial coupling efficiency, maximal respiration, and spare respiratory capacity) in epithelial cells. Olaparib, a PARP inhibitor used in human cancer therapy, improved experimental CD and protected intestinal barrier integrity by preventing its energetic collapse; therefore, it could be repurposed for the therapy of Crohn's disease

Cytostatic Effect of a Novel Mitochondria-Targeted Pyrroline Nitroxide in Human Breast Cancer Lines

Mitochondria have emerged as a prospective target to overcome drug resistance that limits triple-negative breast cancer therapy. A novel mitochondria-targeted compound, HO-5114, demonstrated higher cytotoxicity against human breast cancer lines than its component-derivative, Mito-CP. In this study, we examined HO-5114′s anti-neoplastic properties and its effects on mitochondrial functions in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell lines. At a 10 µM concentration and within 24 h, the drug markedly reduced viability and elevated apoptosis in both cell lines. After seven days of exposure, even at a 75 nM concentration, HO-5114 significantly reduced invasive growth and colony formation. A 4 h treatment with 2.5 µM HO-5114 caused a massive loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, a decrease in basal and maximal respiration, and mitochondrial and glycolytic ATP production. However, reactive oxygen species production was only moderately elevated by HO-5114, indicating that oxidative stress did not significantly contribute to the drug’s anti-neoplastic effect. These data indicate that HO-5114 may have potential for use in the therapy of triple-negative breast cancer; however, the in vivo toxicity and anti-neoplastic effectiveness of the drug must be determined to confirm its potential

Tetralone derivatives are MIF tautomerase inhibitors and attenuate macrophage activation and amplify the hypothermic response in endotoxemic mice

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine playing crucial role in immunity. MIF exerts a unique tautomerase enzymatic activity that has relevance concerning its multiple functions and its small molecule inhibitors have been proven to block its pro-inflammatory effects. Here we demonstrate that some of the E-2-arylmethylene-1-tetralones and their heteroanalogues efficiently bind to MIF’s active site and inhibit MIF tautomeric (enolase, ketolase activity) functions. A small set of the synthesised derivatives, namely compounds (4), (23), (24), (26) and (32), reduced inflammatory macrophage activation. Two of the selected compounds (24) and (26), however, markedly inhibited ROS and nitrite production, NF-κB activation, TNF-α, IL-6 and CCL-2 cytokine expression. Pre-treatment of mice with compound (24) exaggerated the hypothermic response to high dose of bacterial endotoxin. Our experiments suggest that tetralones and their derivatives inhibit MIF’s tautomeric functions and regulate macrophage activation and thermal changes in severe forms of systemic inflammation

Sebkezelés és a sebgyógyulás segítése

A diplomamunkám írása során foglalkoztam az akut és a krónikus sebek kezelési lehetőségeivel. Ismertettem a sebgyógyulás folyamatát valamint azt, hogyan tudunk beavatkozni ezekbe a folyamatokba annak érdekében, hogy gyorsítsuk a felépülést. A sebgyógyulás segítéséhez sokféle készítményt találhatunk. Ezek lehetnek gyógyszeresek, gyógynövényesek és a kozmetikumok között is vannak olyan termékek, amelyek kifejezetten ebből a célból készültek. Említést tettem terápiás módszerekről is, melyek az oxigénellátottság fokozása révén vagy a normális sebgyógyulást előidézve segítik a szövetek regenerálódását.egységes, osztatlangyógyszerészmagyarnappal