1,082 research outputs found
Complex approach to service development
Modern companies including telecommunication companies and mobile operators working in the global environment should guarantee technological effectiveness and innovation, renewing their technologies and services. Operation Support System/Business Support System is used in telecommunication companies. In current state-of-the-art approaches, several iterations involving analysts and system architects are necessary, methodologies allow modeling non-functional or functional requirements but they do not take into account the interaction between functional and non-functional requirements as well as collaboration between services. Web Services Agreement is a convenient way to contain QoS parameters but state-of-the-art SLA-aware methods cannot support all classes of non-functional parameters and provide run-time support and dynamic reconfiguration at the same time. The approach proposed in this paper fills this gap. It employs a well-defined workflow and analysis model for developing and adapting complex software systems including support of all classes of non-functional parameters and providing run-time support and dynamic reconfiguration of provided services
Features of atomic and molecular beams passage through capillary systems in the presence of evanescent light waves
A model of the transverse cooling of atoms in the field of a surface light wave inside a glass capillary is considered. The attenuation coefficient for transverse oscillations of atom in a microcapillary is estimated, and the length of effective atom cooling is calculated. A 3D model is constructed. The possibility for the practical application of this phenomenon both to develop the technology of atomic lithography and to fabricate the nanostructures is considered
ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ° ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ ΡΡΠ΄Ρ Π₯ΠΈΠΆΡ
Predators is medium-sized and large mammal leading a terrestrial way of life. They are mostly carnivorous animals, the nature of nutrition of which indicate certain devices are reflected in the structure of the scull. The aim of the work is to conduct a comparative anatomical study of the structure of the scull and to determine the craniometric indicators in animals of families Feline (Domestic cat), Canine (Domestic dog, Wolf, Fox ordinary) and Mustelidae (stone marten, forest polecat, badger ordinary) a squad of Carnivore. Comparative anatomical, craniological and statistical methods of research were used. It was found that the scull of test animals is of a General anatomical structure (wide temporal fossa, a deep masseteric fossa, well-defined nuchal and external sagittal crests, the presence of angular process on mandible, relatively large tympanic bullas, underdeveloped lacrimal bone) and species differences (topography of split of the external sagittal crest, shape of mandibular angular process, the presence of intratympanical part of the temporal bone). Absolute craniometrical indices of badger more of indicators of marten, since they directly depend on the weight and body size of these animals. There are most vary the overall length of the scull (1.69 times; P < 0.001), length of bony palate (1.82 times; P < 0.001), length of the external sagittal crest (3.67 times; P < 0.001), width of bony palate at the level of the first premolar and the last molar (2.33 times; P < 0.001), width of choans on the level of hook-shaped processes of pterygoid bone (1.75 times; P < 0.01), width of choans at the level of the caudal edge of the Palatine bone (2 times; P < 0.05), the total height of the scull (2.36 times; P < 0.001). Most of the relative craniometric indicators of the badger scull, compared with such in martens, are almost the same, due to the close specificity of nutrition and environmental characteristics in natural biocenosis. Due to the well-developed external sagittal crest, the height of the brain relative to the total height of the scull in badger (61.02 Β± 4.73%) is 1.51 times less (P < 0.001) than in marten (92 Β± 6.12%). The relative length of the external sagittal crest to the total length of the badger scull is 2.17 times longer (P < 0.001) (53.1 Β± 3.09 versus 24.42 Β± 1.41%), compared with marten, due to the more powerful development of masticatory muscles, temporal in particular.Π₯ΠΈΠΆΡ β ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Ρ ΡΠ° Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΡ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΡ, ΡΠΎ Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡ Π½Π°Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ± ΠΆΠΈΡΡΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΌβΡΡΠΎΡΠ΄Π½Ρ ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΎ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ²ΡΠ΄ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅Π²Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ, Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Ρ Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈ β ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π°Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ° Ρ Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΠΎΡΡΡΡ (ΠΊΡΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠΉΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ), Π‘ΠΎΠ±Π°ΡΡ (ΡΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ²ΡΠΉΡΡΠΊΠ°, Π²ΠΎΠ²ΠΊ, Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΡ Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½Π°) Ρ ΠΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π²Ρ (ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΌβΡΠ½Π°, ΡΡ
ΡΡ Π»ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ, Π±ΠΎΡΡΡΠΊ Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΈΠΉ) ΡΡΠ΄Ρ Π₯ΠΈΠΆΡ. ΠΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π°Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ½Ρ, ΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠ° ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ. ΠΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, ΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΡΠΏΡΠ»ΡΠ½Ρ Π°Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ½Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ (ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠ° Π²ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π° ΡΠΌΠΊΠ°, Π³Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΆΡΠ²Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π° ΡΠΌΠΊΠ°, Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ Ρ Π·ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°Π³ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π³ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅Π½Ρ, Π½Π°ΡΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠ° Π½Π° Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΏΡ, Π²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΡ Π±Π°ΡΠ°Π±Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΡΠΈ, ΡΠ»Π°Π±ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½Π° ΡΠ»ΡΠ·Π½Π° ΠΊΡΡΡΠΊΠ°) Ρ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Ρ Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ (ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π²ΠΎΡΠ½Π½Ρ Π·ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π³ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅Π½Ρ, ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ° Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠ°, Π½Π°ΡΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΎΠ±Π°ΡΠ°Π±Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π²ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΊΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ). ΠΠ±ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½Ρ ΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π±ΠΎΡΡΡΠΊΠ° Π±ΡΠ»ΡΡΡ Π·Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ, ΠΎΡΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΎ Π·Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈ ΡΠ° ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΌΡΡΡΠ² ΡΡΠ»Π° ΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ½. ΠΠ°ΠΉΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΡ ΡΡΠ·Π½ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π·Π°Π³Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΆΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ° (Π² 1,69 ΡΠ°Π·Π°; Π < 0,001), Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΆΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΠΊΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΄Π½Π΅Π±ΡΠ½Π½Ρ (Π² 1,82 ΡΠ°Π·Ρ; Π < 0,001), Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΆΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π·ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π³ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅Π½Ρ (Π² 3,67 ΡΠ°Π·Π°; Π < 0,001), ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΠΊΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΄Π½Π΅Π±ΡΠ½Π½Ρ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ²Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ° Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ° (Π² 2,33 ΡΠ°Π·Ρ; Π < 0,001), ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Ρ
ΠΎΠ°Π½ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ²Π½Ρ Π³Π°ΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ±Π½ΠΈΡ
Π²ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΡΠ² ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ±Π½ΠΎΡ ΠΊΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ (Π² 1,75 ΡΠ°Π·Π°; Π < 0,01), ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Ρ
ΠΎΠ°Π½ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ²Π½Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΄Π½Π΅Π±ΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΡ ΠΊΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ (Π² 2 ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈ; Π < 0,05), Π·Π°Π³Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ° (Π² 2,36 ΡΠ°Π·Ρ; Π < 0,001). ΠΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠ² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ° Π±ΠΎΡΡΡΠΊΠ°, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π· ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π² ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ, ΠΌΠ°ΠΉΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ, ΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡΠΊΠΎΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ, Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ
Π±ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ·Π°Ρ
. ΠΡΠΎΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΄ΡΠ»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π· Π·Π°Π³Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ° Ρ Π±ΠΎΡΡΡΠΊΠ° (61,02 Β± 4,73%) Π² 1,51 ΡΠ°Π·Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° (Π < 0,001) Π·Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊ Ρ ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ (92 Β± 6,12%) Π·Π°Π²Π΄ΡΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π·ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ°Π³ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π³ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅Π½Ρ. ΠΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΆΠΈΠ½Π° Π΄ΠΎ Π·Π°Π³Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΆΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ° Π±ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ° (Π < 0,001) Π² 2,17 ΡΠ°Π·Ρ (53,1 Β± 3,09% β Ρ Π±ΠΎΡΡΡΠΊΠ°, 24,42 Β± 1,41% β Ρ ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ), ΡΠΎ Π·ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ½ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΡΠ²Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΌβΡΠ·ΡΠ², Π²ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°
Preventing Acute Gout When Starting Allopurinol Therapy: Colchicine Or NSAIDs?
Acute gout is a well known complication of the commencement of allopurinol therapy. Prophylaxis is needed for some months, even after serum urate levels have returned to normal. Colchicine is usually preferable to NSAIDs for this purpose, being cheaper, and better tolerated, especially in patients with peptic ulcer, gastrointestinal bleeding or dyspepsia or who are taking anticoagulants
Π‘ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π· ΡΠΏΠΈΠ½-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΌΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ½Π°, ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ½Π°, ΠΎ-Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°
Spin-labeled (acylated with 4-doxylpentanoic acid) emoxypine, methionine, o-anisidine were synthesized. The compounds obtained were characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, infrared and ultraviolet spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Synthesized spin-labeled compounds can be used for biochemical studies using EPR spectroscopy.Π‘ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠΏΠΈΠ½-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ (Π°ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ 4-Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ»ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ) ΡΠΌΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ½, ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ½, ΠΎ-Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ (ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠ°, ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠ°, ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ). Π‘ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠΈΠ½-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ Π±ΠΈΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΠΠ -ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ
Comparison of gene expression of metallothioneins, ubiquitin and p53 in fibroblasts from lung and skin of rats of different age
We studied gene expression of five metallothioneins (MT 1-5), ubiquitin and protein p53 and their products in fibroblasts culture of the skin and lungs of white rats of different ages (2 weeks, 1, 3, and 24 months) and determined its (metallothionein 1-5 types, ubiquitin, p53) product quantity. All these proteins are protective ones, but perform their functions by using different mechanisms. Metallothionein bind, transport and excrete ions of bivalent metals, ubiquitin controls the cleavage of the defective and short-lived proteins in the proteasome, protein p53 controls apoptosis, thus ensuring the genome stability. The similarity of age dynamics of gene expression of ubiquitin and MT of cells of both sources has been shown β maximum at 3 months. Expression of p53 gene has a difference: both in the skin and lungs expression increases up to 24 months. Product quantity of p53 has a minimum in the skin at 3 months and remains constant; in the lungs, this value has a maximum at 1 month
Lending system for agricultural enterprises: Prospects for development and transformation
The article examines the current situation of using lending, leasing and factoring instruments for agricultural producers in modern Russia. The authors note that the current lending and leasing system requires transformation to take into account the conditions for the activities of agricultural enterprises, taking into account seasonality and the delayed effect of obtaining results. A transformation system for leasing is also proposed to make the instrument more flexible through the introduction of commercial instruments and the abandonment of exclusively government regulation of the activity in question. The authors note the effectiveness of the transformation of the proposed methods of lending, leasing and factoring by increasing demand and reducing the risk of repayment for both enterprises and participants in the banking sector
Morphological disturbances of rat parietal cortex and hippocampus neurons in the dynamics steady subtotal ischemia of the brain
The purpose of the work is to analyze changes in the morphological characteristics of neurons of phylogenetical different parts of the cerebral cortex (parietal cortex and hippocampus) of rats at different periods in the dynamics of stepwise subtotal experimental cerebral ischemia. Methods. The experiments were performed on 42 males of outbred white rats. Step subtotal cerebral ischemia was performed as follows: first, one common carotid artery was ligated, simulating partial ischemia. Then, with an interval of 1 day (subgroup 1), 3 days (subgroup 2) or 7 days (subgroup 3), the second common carotid artery was ligated. Results. A microscopic study of the size, shape, degree of chromatophilia of the cytoplasm and the content of ribonucleoproteins in pyramidal neurons of phylogenetically different parts of the cerebral cortex have shown the dependence of the severity of brain damage on the interval between the cessation of blood flow in both carotid artery. Adaptation was better with a 7-day interval between dressings, while the ligation with an interval of 1 day, the degree of morphological changes was maximum indicating a lack of resources for the implementation of adaptation mechanisms
ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠΌΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ°ΠΌ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π·ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ° Π½Π° ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ
The high demand for protein during this period of the calf's life is due to the active growth of muscle tissue, and protein is the structural material of all organs. A lack of protein in the diet of calves contributes to a delay in their growth and an excess to the expenditure of additional energy for the deamination of excess amino acids and the elimination of the corresponding decay products through the excretory system of the body. The younger the calves, the higher the protein level in their diet should be. The work aimed to establish the most effective protein norms in the composition of skim milk substitutes for calves over 65 days of age. The study of the influence of feeding skims milk substitute on calves' physiological state and productivity was carried out on four groups of bulls. All tested skim milk replacers varied in protein content but were almost the same in all nutritional parameters. The main ingredients of skim milk substitutes (ZOM 1) for calves of group I were, %: milk proteins β 70, vegetable proteins (soy + wheat) β 29, vitamin and mineral complex, probiotic culture β 1. For calves of group II (ZOM 2) used,%: milk proteins β 70, vegetable proteins (soy + wheat protein) β 29, vitamin-mineral complex β 1. protein) β 29, vitamin and mineral complex β 1. Studies have shown that skim milk substitutes in calves feeding, containing 20 and 22 % protein in the composition of KR-2 compound feed 10 % by weight, was reflected in the improvement of the morpho-biochemical design of the blood. At the same time, there is a tendency to an increase in the concentration of total protein in the blood serum by 3.1 and 3.3 % with a decrease in the amount of urea by 3.5 and 5.2 %, which made it possible to increase the average daily gain in live weight to 3.1 % while reducing costs feed and its price by 1.5 and 0.9 percent.ΠΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½Π΅ Π² ΡΡΠΎΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΊ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ². ΠΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½Π° Π² ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ Π·Π°Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°, Π° ΠΈΠ·Π±ΡΡΠΎΠΊ β ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° Π΄Π΅Π·Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π±ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠ°Π΄Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°. Π§Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ°, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΡΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½Π° Π² Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π΅. Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½Π° Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π·ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ° Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ 65-Π΄Π½Π΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°. ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠΌΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π·ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ° Π½Π° ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° 4-Ρ
Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ
Π±ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π·ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ° Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½Π°, Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π·ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ° (ΠΠΠ 1) Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ I Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ, %: ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ β 70, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ (ΡΠΎΠ΅Π²ΡΠΉ + ΠΏΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΉ) β 29, Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ° β 1. ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ II Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ (ΠΠΠ 2) ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ, %: ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ β 70, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ (ΡΠΎΠ΅Π²ΡΠΉ + ΠΏΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½) β 29, Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ β 1. Π III ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠΌΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ (ΠΠΠ 3) ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ·, %: ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° β 70, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ² (ΡΠΎΠ΅Π²ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½) β 29, Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ β 1. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π·ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ°, ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ
20 ΠΈ 22 % ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½Π° Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΠ° ΠΠ -2 10 % ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡ Π² ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎ-Π±ΠΈΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π° ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° Π² ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ Π½Π° 3,1 ΠΈ 3,3 % ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π½Π° 3,5 ΠΈ 5,2 %, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ 3,1 % ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° 1,5 ΠΈ 0,9 ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°
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