Hashimoto thyroiditis in children with diabetes mellitus type 1

Choroba Hashimoto jest najczęstszą postacią autoimmunologicznych schorzeń tarczycy oraz jednocześnie najczęstszą chorobą autoimmunologiczną współwystępującą z cukrzycą typu 1. W pracy przedstawiono aktualne światowe doniesienia dotyczące etiologii, obrazu klinicznego, badań przesiewowych, diagnostyki i leczenia choroby Hashimoto u dzieci z cukrzycą typu 1. Podjęto ponadto dyskusję dotyczącą włączenia leczenia substytucyjnego hormonami tarczycy u dzieci z cukrzycą typu 1 i współistniejącym autoimmunologicznym zapaleniem tarczycy. (Diabet. Prakt. 2010; 11, 3: 89–93)Hashimoto thyroiditis is the most common autoimmune thyroid disease as well as the most often concomitant autoimmune disorder coexisting with diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1). In this paper etiology, screening methods, symptoms and management of Hashimoto thyroiditis are discussed. Discussion involves the right point of beginning thyroid hormone replacement treatment in children with DM1. (Diabet. Prakt. 2010; 11, 3: 89–93

Enhancing the quality of animal meat products by combining plant-based marinations and thermal processes: a treatise

Nowadays, natural preservatives, specifically involving marinades, are being applied to meat products to enhance various quality attributes. The need for food preservation has continually strengthened the processing of meat products. Besides the global production of bovine, porcine, ovine, and caprine animals, including poultry, that varies across continents, meeting the demands/needs of ever-increasing (global) population remains the focus. The growing consumer health awareness alongside intensifying global competition by meat producers cumulatively strengthens the call for healthier products, including preservation strategies. However, as published experimental/synthesized literature involving animal meat products, plant-based marination, and thermal processes continues to grow, there is a need to supplement existing information. Therefore, this treatise aims to discuss how the quality of animal meat products has been enhanced through plant-based marinations and thermal processes, drawing from plant-based marination: some key examples and usefulness; marination/marinades: briefs on preparation and applications; major thermal processes applied to marinated meat products; as well as quality implications of thermally processed marinated meat products. In certain instances, either marination would aid heat processing or vice versa, while in others, thermal processing may well be detrimental to marination.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Antioxidant, Organoleptic and Physicochemical Changes in Different Marinated Oven-Grilled Chicken Breast Meat

The antioxidant, organoleptic, and physicochemical changes in different marinated oven-grilled chicken breast meat were investigated. Specifically, the chicken breast meat samples were procured from a local retailer in Wroclaw, Poland. The antioxidant aspects involved 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), 1,1-diphenyl-2-pierylhydrazy (DPPH), and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The organoleptic aspects involved sensory and texture aspects. The physicochemical aspects involved the pH, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), cooking weight loss, L* a* b* color, and textural cutting force. Different marination variants comprised incremental 0.5, 1, and 1.5% concentrations of Baikal skullcap (BS), cranberry pomace (CP), and grape pomace (GP) that depicted antioxidants, and subsequently incorporated either African spice (AS) or an industrial marinade/pickle (IM). The oven grill facility was set at a temperature of 180 °C and a constant cooking time of 5 min. Results showed various antioxidant, organoleptic and physicochemical range values across the different marinated oven-grilled chicken breast meat samples, most of which appeared somewhat limited. Incorporating either AS or IM seemingly widens the ABTS and FRAP ranges, with much less for the DPPH. Moreover, with increasing CP, GP, and BS concentrations, fluctuations seemingly persist in pH, TBARS, cooking weight loss, L* a* b* color, and textural cutting force values even when either AS or IM was incorporated, despite resemblances in some organoleptic sensory and texture profiles. Overall, the oven-grilling approach promises to moderate the antioxidant, organoleptic, and physicochemical value ranges in the different marinated chicken breast meat samples in this study.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Animal-Food-Human Antimicrobial Resistance Fundamentals, Prevention Mechanisms and Global Surveillance Trends: A Terse Review

Background and objective: Food-producing animals can potentially transmit resistant bacterial pathogens to humans with various rates in various microbial species. Confronting the global antimicrobial resistance challenges needs collaboratively collective efforts by countries. Published literatures regarding antimicrobial resistance challenges and surveillance continually increase worldwide. Furthermore, understanding of antimicrobial resistance challenges and surveillance must be improved. Therefore, this brief review included antimicrobial resistance fundamentals and prevention mechanisms and its global surveillance trends specific to animal-food-human pathways. Results and Conclusions: The capacity of antimicrobial resistance to include economic and health effects on various regions of the world must not be underestimated. The nature of antimicrobial resistance mechanisms contributes to its complicated spread mechanisms. Hence, there is the need for effective and efficient methods or strategies to challenge antimicrobial resistance. In addition to the concerns of antimicrobial agents with the developed understanding of the antimicrobial resistance prevention mechanisms, key facts of surveillance, specifically in microbiological contexts, are demonstrated in this review. In recent decades, global surveillance trends have been urged to overcome antimicrobial resistance problems. Due to its complexities, antimicrobial resistance remains a major public health concern with no single strategy to thoroughly prevent emergence or spread of infectious microorganisms

Quality attributes of different marinated oven-grilled pork neck meat

Whereas herbs/spices serve as natural preservatives, and thermal processing makes animal meat products edible, combining them should complement each other. Additionally, the application of oven grilling to meat products continues to increase in popularity. However, there is a paucity of relevant published information specific to different marinated oven-grilled pork neck meat. Therefore, the quality attributes of different marinated oven-grilled pork neck meat were investigated, which involved chemical (pH, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance [TBARS], 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiaziline-6-sulfonate) [ABTS], 1,1-diphenyl-2-pierylhydrazy [DPPH], ferric reducing antioxidant power [FRAP]), physical (cooking weight loss, L*a*b* color, and textural cutting force), as well as organoleptic (sensory: flavor, appearance, tenderness, taste, and off-flavor; texture: hardness, chewiness, gumminess, graininess, and greasiness) aspects. In particular, the pork neck meat was procured from a porcine farm in Poland. Different marinated variants comprised constituent 0.5, 1, and 1.5% quantities of cranberry pomace (CP), grape pomace (GP), and Baikal skullcap (BS) that subsequently incorporated either African spice (AS) or industrial marinade/pickle (IM). Results showed decreases in ABTS, DPPH, FRAP, and TBARS in some marinated oven-grilled pork neck meat samples, alongside pH variations by difference that seemingly associated with increasing concentrations of either CP, BS, or GP, which might not always coincide with L*a*b* color trends as AS and IM were incorporated. Despite the many resemblances (p > .05), the sensory aspects fluctuated as textural chewiness, gumminess, and hardness increased in some samples, more evident when incorporating AS compared to IM. Overall, oven-grilling promises to moderate the range values of key quality attributes of different marinated pork neck meat samples in this study.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Alteration of volatile compounds profile of brewers? spent grain by bath-ultrasonication and its combination with conventional water-bath and autoclave treatment

The study aimed to investigate the capability of bath-ultrasonication and its combination with conventional water-bath and autoclave treatment in modifying the volatile composition of brewers’ spent grain (BSG). It was hypothesized that the treatments modified the volatile composition of BSG due to the sonochemical modification. The results demonstrated that the treatments intensified the desirable odor and removed the undesirable one which might allow the possibility of masking and renewing the odor perception of BSG. Besides the influence on odor perception related compounds, it is worth to highlight that the treatments eliminated herbicidal compounds such as (E,E)-2,4-heptadienal and (E)-2-hexenal which might be present from herbicidal treatment. Combination of bath-ultrasonication with autoclave treatment modified the volatile aldehydes while its combination with conventional water-bath generated the same profile as it was in untreated BSG. Time elevation on bath-ultrasonication had no significant impact on the amount of ketones and alkanes, while the fluctuation occurred as an impact of thermal exposures. Moreover, the treatment reduced the amount of alcohol and increased the fatty acids. In conclusion, bath-ultrasonication and its combination with thermal exposure modified the volatile compositions of BSG.</p

Functional and sensory properties of jam with different proportions of pineapple, cucumber, and Jatropha leaf

Introduction. Fruits and vegetables are vital for healthy food consumption. Conservation is the only option to prolong their shelf life. Nigeria is currently experiencing an increase in production of fruit jams that incorporate vegetables. Cucumbers, Jatropha tanjorensis L. leaf, and pineapples have a lot of health benefits, which makes them very promising for jam making. The present research featured the effect of cucumber, pineapple, and Jatropha leaf in different proportions on the functional and sensory properties of composite jam. Study objects and methods. The technology of jam making followed standard procedures. Pineapple jam without cucumbers and Jatropha leaf served as control (pineapple:cucumber:Jatropha leaf = 100:0:0). The experimental jam samples had increasing amounts of Jatropha leaf (J), decreasing amounts of pineapple pulps (P), and a constant amount of cucumber (C), i.e. P:C:J = 85:10:5, 80:10:10, 75:10:15, and 70:10:20. The functional analysis involved chemical and proximate aspects, whereas the sensory evaluation involved appearance, aroma, taste, spreadability, and overall liking. Results and discussion. The experimental samples showed a significant difference (P 0.05). Compared to the control sample, the sensory properties of the experimental samples differed significantly (P 0.05) taste and overall liking. Conclusion. The obtained functional and sensory data proved that the new pineapple jam with cucumber and Jatropha leaf is a promising functional product

The roles of brewers' spent grain derivatives in coconut-based yogurt-alternatives: Microstructural characteristic and the evaluation of physico-chemical properties during the storage

Water soluble coconut extract (WSCE) was reported as a suitable matrix for probiotic delivery as yogurt alternatives. The study aimed to evaluate the roles of brewers' spent grain (BSG) derivatives in enhancing the properties of WSCE-based yogurt alternatives. BSG flour (BSGF) and 3 different protein extracts (BSGPs) including protein control (BSGP-C), protamex treatment (BSGP-P), and protamex combined with flavourzyme treatment (BSGP-PF) were incorporated in WSCE-based yogurt alternatives. Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed that BSGPs prepared with protease treatment generated less dense fat distribution and more homogenous globules compared to that in WSCE control yogurt. It also resulted in a softer, denser and more homogenous matrix. The modification in microstructural properties was aligned with differences in several functional groups including ⍺-glycosidic bond and hydroxyl groups from polysaccharides, aliphatic ethers and acid functional groups as well as aromatic hydrocarbons of lignin, amide I, acetyl groups and amide III. BSGF and BSGPs increased the mechanical properties, viscosity and modified flow behaviour properties demonstrating its ability in maintaining textural and gel formation. After 14 days of storage, maintenance in flow behaviour, syneresis and mechanical properties was identified. Furthermore, BSG derivatives enhanced lactic acid production up to 3 folds. In conclusion, BSG derivatives maintained the microstructure and gel formation, improved the properties of WSCE-based yogurt alternatives and preserved its behaviour during 14 days of storage.</p

Techno-functional properties of protein from protease-treated brewers’ spent grain (BSG) and investigation of antioxidant activity of extracted proteins and BSG residues

The study aimed to investigate the biological properties of the protein fraction of brewers’ spent grain (BSG) and its sediments as well as the techno-functional properties of BSG protein (BSGP). BSG was incubated with 0.5% protamex and a combination of protamex and flavourzyme, in addition to the control (incubation without protease). The results showed that enzymatic treatment enhanced the antioxidant activity of BSGP. Compared to the sediment fraction, BSGPs had higher antioxidant capacities than those in sediments. The current study demonstrated that the FRAP value is aligned with the amount of the polyphenolic compounds, while BSGP is responsible for ORAC and ABTS capabilities. Enzyme treatment on BSG enhanced the antioxidant properties of BSGPs and the amount of the phenolic compounds of the sediments. BSGPs treated with proteases possessed higher oil-holding capacity, foaming properties and lower emulsion capability. In conclusion, enzymatic treatment of BSG enhanced the protein functionality and bioactivity as well as intensified the antioxidant activity of its sediments allowing further valorization.</p