ДЕЯКІ ПІДХОДИ З ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ПОТРЕБИ НА ПІДГОТОВКУ ФАХІВЦІВ ДЛЯ СЛУЖБИ ЦИВІЛЬНОГО ЗАХИСТУ

Rates that affect the daily state of actual State Emergency Service staff abundance were analyzed and defined. With the use of staff-list method, the calculation of needs for specialist’s training was given for state order in the "Fire Safety" and "Civil defense" specialties for local authorities and SES departments. The ground on factors of specialists needs for SES who acquire higher education degree of bachelor or master were provided. The propositions for forecasting purposes were given.Проаналізовано та визначено показники, що впливають на щоденний стан фактичної чисельності особового складу підрозділу ДСНС. Із застосуванням штатно-номенклатурного методу наданий розрахунок потреби підготовки фахівців за держзамовленням за спеціальностями «Пожежна безпека» і «Цивільна безпека» для територіальних органів та підрозділів ДСНС. Наведено обґрунтування щодо коефіцієнта потреби фахівців для ДСНС, які здобувають ступінь вищої освіти бакалавр та магістр. Надано пропозиції щодо прогнозування потреби

Modelling Populations of Kilonovae

The 2017 detection of a kilonova coincident with gravitational-wave emission has identified neutron star mergers as the major source of the heaviest elements, and dramatically constrained alternative theories of gravity. Observing a population of such sources has the potential to transform cosmology, nuclear physics, and astrophysics. However, with only one confident multi-messenger detection currently available, modelling the diversity of signals expected from such a population requires improved theoretical understanding. In particular, models which are quick to evaluate, and are calibrated with more detailed multi-physics simulations, are needed to design observational strategies for kilonovae detection, and to obtain rapid-response interpretations of new observations. We use grey-opacity models to construct populations of kilonovae, spanning ejecta parameters predicted by numerical simulations. Our modelling focuses on wavelengths relevant for upcoming optical surveys, such as the Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST). In these simulations, we implement heating rates that are based on nuclear reaction network calculations. We create a Gaussian-process emulator for kilonova grey opacities, calibrated with detailed radiative transfer simulations. Using recent fits to numerical relativity simulations, we predict how the ejecta parameters from BNS mergers shape the population of kilonovae, accounting for the viewing-angle dependence. Our simulated population of binary neutron star (BNS) mergers produce peak i-band absolute magnitudes $-20 \leq M_i \leq -11$. A comparison with detailed radiative transfer calculations indicates that further improvements are needed to accurately reproduce spectral shapes over the full light curve evolution.Comment: 14 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables, matches version accepted to MNRAS. Fixes a software bug from previous versions which incorrectly determined the kilonovae ejecta velocitie

Effect of ultraviolet and x-ray radiation on optical properties of epoxy polymers dyed with organic phosphors

Highly purified industrial bisphenol and cycloaliphatic epoxy oligomers of ED-24 and UP-612 brands were used to produce optically transparent products. UV radiation of a low-pressure mercury lamp with 80% of the light energy at 254 nm was used to study photodegradation. X-ray apparatus with 0.7BSV- Ag tube was used as an ionizing radiation source to investigate the effect of X-rays on the spectra of organic dyes in epoxy polymer. The threshold value of the energy generated by ruby laser which indicated the degradation in the test samples recorded by light scattering method was determined to study radiation resistance of epoxy polymers. Basically, all the dyes exhibited high resistance to UV light. The observation of the absorption spectra showed that on average, a third of the dye molecules in the matrix experienced photobleaching within 200 hour exposure. The exception was coumarin 1, which was completely decolourized after 40 hours of exposure. X-ray irradiation of the samples for two hours results in the change in the optical density equivalent to that caused by 40 hour exposure to UV irradiation. However, in the first case, the matrix optical density is proportional to the irradiation time, and in the second case, it remains stable upon further UV irradiation. The comparison of photoaging processes in dyed and undyed epoxy polymers showed that the investigated organic dyes do not have a sensitizing effect on the matrix. The stability of the optical properties of the epoxy matrices exposed to the effects of different factors was found to depend on the nature of epoxy polymer and the technique of its production. The results of these effects are significantly different in the character of the change in the optical density and mechanisms of chemical transformations in polymer

Making a splash with water repellency

A 'splash' is usually heard when a solid body enters water at large velocity. This phenomena originates from the formation of an air cavity resulting from the complex transient dynamics of the free interface during the impact. The classical picture of impacts on free surfaces relies solely on fluid inertia, arguing that surface properties and viscous effects are negligible at sufficiently large velocities. In strong contrast to this large-scale hydrodynamic viewpoint, we demonstrate in this study that the wettability of the impacting body is a key factor in determining the degree of splashing. This unexpected result is illustrated in Fig.1: a large cavity is evident for an impacting hydrophobic sphere (1.b), contrasting with the hydrophilic sphere's impact under the very same conditions (1.a). This unforeseen fact is furthermore embodied in the dependence of the threshold velocity for air entrainment on the contact angle of the impacting body, as well as on the ratio between the surface tension and fluid viscosity, thereby defining a critical capillary velocity. As a paradigm, we show that superhydrophobic impacters make a big 'splash' for any impact velocity. This novel understanding provides a new perspective for impacts on free surfaces, and reveals that modifications of the detailed nature of the surface -- involving physico-chemical aspects at the nanometric scales -- provide an efficient and versatile strategy for controlling the water entry of solid bodies at high velocity.Comment: accepted for publication in Nature Physic

Interpolated kilonova spectra models: necessity for a phenomenological, blue component in the fitting of AT2017gfo spectra

In this work, we present a simple interpolation methodology for spectroscopic time series, based on conventional interpolation techniques (random forests) implemented in widely-available libraries. We demonstrate that our existing library of simulations is sufficient for training, producing interpolated spectra that respond sensitively to varied ejecta parameter, post-merger time, and viewing angle inputs. We compare our interpolated spectra to the AT2017gfo spectral data, and find parameters similar to our previous inferences using broadband light curves. However, the spectral observations have significant systematic short-wavelength residuals relative to our models, which we cannot explain within our existing framework. Similar to previous studies, we argue that an additional blue component is required. We consider a radioactive heating source as a third component characterized by light, slow-moving, lanthanide-free ejecta with $M_{\rm th} = 0.003~M_\odot$, $v_{\rm th} = 0.05$c, and $\kappa_{\rm th} = 1$ cm$^2$/g. When included as part of our radiative transfer simulations, our choice of third component reprocesses blue photons into lower energies, having the opposite effect and further accentuating the blue-underluminosity disparity in our simulations. As such, we are unable to overcome short-wavelength deficits at later times using an additional radioactive heating component, indicating the need for a more sophisticated modeling treatment.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, presenting at April APS session F13.0000

Statistical indicators of the quality of medical care in the UMMC dental polyclinic

The article describes the experience of using the NPS patient loyalty index. Net Promoter Score-the general loyalty index-is a 10-point scale assessment of the patient's willingness to recommend a clinic for treatment to relatives and friends. to assess patient satisfaction with the medical care provided.В статье рассмотрен опыт использования индекса потребительской лояльности пациентов по методике NPS. Net Promoter Score - общий индекс лояльности – это рассчитанная по 10-бальной шкале оценка готовности пациента рекомендовать клинику для лечения близким и друзья. для оценки удовлетворенности пациентов оказанной медицинской помощью

Routing of Displacement in Non-Stationary Radiation Fields with the Obstacle of Obstacles

The problem of routing of displacements with constraints and complicated cost functions is considered. The statement of the problem has limitations in the form of precedence conditions. A situation of this kind arises, in particular, in the liquidation of the consequences of radiation accidents at nuclear facilities. Under normal operation, the optimization of the movement route is relevant for performing instrumental measurements of radiation parameters by dosimeters at specified points in the NPP premises. In the presented research the approach to the decision of the given task by the parallel algorithm realized on the supercomputer URAN is stated.Рассмотрена задача маршрутизации перемещений с ограничениями и усложненными функциями стоимости. По постановке задачи имеются ограничения в виде условий предшествования. Ситуация такого рода возникает, в частности, при ликвидации последствий радиационных аварий на объектах использования атомной энергии. В условиях нормальной эксплуатации оптимизация маршрута перемещения актуальна для проведения инструментальных измерений радиационных параметров дозиметристами в заданных точках помещения АЭС. В представленном исследовании излагается подход к решению данной задачи параллельным алгоритмом, реализуемым на суперкомпьютере УРАН.Работа выполнена при поддержке гранта РФФИ № 17-08-0138

The Impact of Fission on R-Process Calculations

We have performed r-process calculations in neutron star mergers (NSM) and jets of magnetohydrodynamically driven (MHD) supernovae. In these very neutron-rich environments the fission model of heavy nuclei has an impact on the shape of the final abundance distribution and the second r-process peak in particular. We have studied the effect of different fission fragment mass distribution models in calculations of low-Ye ejecta, ranging from a simple parametrization to extensive statistical treatments (ABLA07). The r-process path ends when it reaches an area in the nuclear chart where fission dominates over further neutron captures. The position of this point is determined by the fission barriers and the neutron separation energies of the nuclei involved. As these values both depend on the choice of the nuclear mass model, so does the r-process path. Here we present calculations using the FRDM (Finite Range Droplet Model) and the ETFSI (Extended Thomas Fermi with Strutinsky Integral) mass model with the related TF and ETFSI fission barrier predictions. Utilizing sophisticated fission fragment distribution leads to a highly improved abundance distribution.Peer reviewe