Steve de Shazer’s Theory Development

This paper traces developments in Steve de Shazer’s theoretical thinking from 1969 until his passing in 2005. After reviewing his definition of “theory,” we organize developments in his theorizing into 4 phases, distilling from each the axioms he continued to hold until his death. For each axiom, we indicate how it is foundational to an understanding of SFBT and, therefore, contributes to distinguishing SFBT from other talk therapies. We stay close to de Shazer’s writings by frequently quoting from his many articles and 6 books. We conclude with a summary of what we believe are the 6 enduring axioms of his theory of SFBT, the striking features of how he developed his theories over the years and the new lens he left us for viewing therapy interactions, and one example of research that promises to expand his theoretical legacy

„Common project“ in solution-focused brief therapy

Článek se zaměřuje na práci s otázkou na společný projekt v krátké terapii zaměřené na řešení. Text se věnuje možnostem zahájení terapeutického sezení a zakomponování otázky na společný projekt do sezení, věnuje se rovněž významu dojednání společného projektu, různým reakcím klientů a různým možnostem, jak lze téma společného projektu dále rozvíjet v duchu přístupu zaměřeného na řešení. Text je doplněn příklady z praxe.This article is focused on common project question in the context of solution-focused brief therapy. It is concentrated on various ways of beginning the session and inviting the common project conversation in the session. It also describes the importance of common project conversation, different clients‘ responses and various possibilities of developing common project conversation in solution-focused way. Case examples are included in the article too

The theoretical and research basis of co-constructing meaning in dialogue

de Shazer (1991) introduced a post-structural view of language in therapy in which the participants\u27 sociai interaction determines the meaning of the words they are using. Broader theories of social construction are similar but lack details about the role of language. This article focuses on the observable details of co-constructing meaning in dialogue. Research in psycholinguistics has provided experimental ev­idence for how speakers and their addressees collaboratively co-construct their dialogues. We review several of the experiments that have demonstrated the in­fluence and importance of the addressee in shaping what the speaker is saying. Building on this research, we present a moment-by-moment three-step grounding sequence in which the speaker presents information, the addressee displays un­derstanding, and the speaker confirms this understanding. We propose that this micro-pattern and its variations are the observable process by which the partici­pants in a dialogue negotiate and co-construct shared meanings

Defining the critical hurdles in cancer immunotherapy

Scientific discoveries that provide strong evidence of antitumor effects in preclinical models often encounter significant delays before being tested in patients with cancer. While some of these delays have a scientific basis, others do not. We need to do better. Innovative strategies need to move into early stage clinical trials as quickly as it is safe, and if successful, these therapies should efficiently obtain regulatory approval and widespread clinical application. In late 2009 and 2010 the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC), convened an "Immunotherapy Summit" with representatives from immunotherapy organizations representing Europe, Japan, China and North America to discuss collaborations to improve development and delivery of cancer immunotherapy. One of the concepts raised by SITC and defined as critical by all parties was the need to identify hurdles that impede effective translation of cancer immunotherapy. With consensus on these hurdles, international working groups could be developed to make recommendations vetted by the participating organizations. These recommendations could then be considered by regulatory bodies, governmental and private funding agencies, pharmaceutical companies and academic institutions to facilitate changes necessary to accelerate clinical translation of novel immune-based cancer therapies. The critical hurdles identified by representatives of the collaborating organizations, now organized as the World Immunotherapy Council, are presented and discussed in this report. Some of the identified hurdles impede all investigators; others hinder investigators only in certain regions or institutions or are more relevant to specific types of immunotherapy or first-in-humans studies. Each of these hurdles can significantly delay clinical translation of promising advances in immunotherapy yet if overcome, have the potential to improve outcomes of patients with cancer