The impact of probiotic yogurt consumption on lipid profiles in subjects with mild to moderate hypercholesterolemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Background and aims: Potential beneficial effect of probiotic yogurt on the lipid profile has raised much interest. However, the results are inconsistent in this regard. The aim of the study is to determine the effects of probiotic yogurt on serum lipid profile in individuals with mild to moderate hypercholesterolemia. Methods and results: Online databases including PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Science Direct, Google Scholar and Igaku Chuo Zasshi were searched until March 19th 2019. The effect sizes were expressed as the weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95 confidence interval (CI). Seven eligible trials with 274 participants were included in this systematic review. Pooling of 9 effect sizes from these seven articles revealed a significant reduction in total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels following probiotic yogurt consumption (mean difference: �8.73 mg/dl, 95 CI: �15.98, �1.48, p-value = 0.018 and mean difference: �10.611 mg/dl, 95 CI: �16.529, �4.693, p-value = 0.000, respectively) without significant heterogeneity among the studies (I2 = 40.6, p-value = 0.1 and I2 = 24.2, p-value = 0.229, respectively). The results showed no significant changes in high density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Also, none of the variables showed a significant change for sensitivity analysis. Conclusion: Available evidence suggests that probiotic yogurt can significantly reduce total cholesterol and LDL-c in subjects with mild to moderate hypercholesterolemia without a significant effect on HDL-c and triglyceride levels. © 2019 The Italian Society of Diabetology, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition, and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II Universit

The effects of green coffee bean extract supplementation on lipid profile in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Background and aim: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effects of green coffee bean extract (GCBE) supplementation on lipid profile in adults. Methods and results: The PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of sciences, and Google Scholar were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials available in English and published before February 2019. The meta-analysis was conducted using fixed effects models, and between-study heterogeneity was assessed by Cochran's Q test and I2. A total of 17 effect sizes were included in the meta-analysis. Combined effect sizes on serum total cholesterol concentrations revealed significant effects of GCBE supplementation on serum total cholesterol weighted mean difference (WMD): �4.51 mg/dL, 95% confidence interval (CI): �6.89, �2.12, p < 0.001, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) (WMD: �4.38 mg/dL, 95% CI: �6.44, �2.31, p < 0.001), and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (WMD: 2.63 mg/dL, 95% CI: 2.20, 3.07, p < 0.001) compared to controls. Nevertheless, no significant changes were observed in serum triglycerides levels (WMD: �4.34 mg/dL, 95% CI: �9.00, 0.32, p = 0.068). Conclusion: The evidence from available studies suggests that the GCBE supplementation leads to significant reductions in total cholesterol, HDL-C, and LDL-C levels, and has modest, but, non-significant effects on triglycerides levels. © 2019 The Italian Society of Diabetology, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition, and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II Universit

Corrigendum to �The effect of green-coffee extract supplementation on obesity: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials� Phytomedicine Volume 63 October 2019 Article 153018 (Phytomedicine (2019) 63, (S0944711319301849), (10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153018))

The authors regret that the original version of this Article (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153018I) contained an error about in data extraction for Dellalibera O et al. 2006 in body weight section. This article reported that green coffee reduces body Wight -2.52 kg but we mention it 2.52. We edited this mistake and revised results. According to new results Green-Coffee Extract supplementation significantly reduced body weight (WMD: -0.94 kg, 95 CI: -1.73, -0.16, p = 0.019). The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused (Figure 1). © 2019 Elsevier Gmb

The Impact of Low Advanced Glycation End Products Diet on Metabolic Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Several randomized clinical trials have investigated the effect of dietary advanced glycation end products (AGEs) on metabolic syndrome risk factors in adults. However, the results of these studies were conflicting. Therefore, our aim was to assess the effect of dietary AGEs on metabolic syndrome risk factors. We searched the PubMed-MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane Databases, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Embase databases for papers published up to October 2019 that investigated the effect of dietary AGEs on metabolic syndrome risk factors. From the eligible trials, 13 articles were selected for inclusion in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was determined by I2 statistics and Cochrane Q test. Pooled results from the random-effects model showed a significant reduction for insulin resistance weighted mean difference (WMD): -1.204; 95% CI: -2.057, -0.358; P = 0.006, fasting insulin (WMD: -5.472 μU/mL; 95% CI: -9.718, -1.234 μU/mL; P = 0.011), total cholesterol (WMD: -5.486 mg/dL; 95% CI: -10.222, -0.747 mg/dL; P = 0.023), and LDL (WMD: -6.263 mg/dL; 95% CI: -11.659, -0.866 mg/dL; P = 0.023) in the low-AGEs groups compared with the high-AGEs groups. There were no changes in the other components of the metabolic syndrome. The results of this review suggest that a diet with a low AGEs content has beneficial effects on insulin resistance, fasting insulin, total cholesterol, and LDL. Moreover, following a diet low in AGEs may be a helpful strategy to decrease the burden of metabolic syndrome risk factors in adults and particularly in patients with diabetes. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society for Nutrition

The influence of vitamin D supplementation on IGF-1 levels in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis

© 2019 Elsevier B.V. Background: Inconsistencies exist with regard to influence of vitamin D supplementation on IGF-1 levels. The inconsistencies could be attributed to several factors, such as dosage and duration of intervention, among others. To address these inconsistencies, this study was conducted to determine the impact of vitamin D supplementation on IGF-1 levels through a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods: A comprehensive systematic search was carried out in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, SCOPUS and Embase for RCTs that investigated the impact of vitamin D intake on circulating IGF-1 levels from inception until June 2019. Weighted mean difference (WMD) with the 95 % CI were applied for estimating combined effect size. Subgroup analysis was performed to specify the source of heterogeneity among studies. Results: Pooled results from eight studies demonstrated an overall non-significant increase in IGF-1 following vitamin D supplementation (WMD: 4 ng/ml, 95 % CI: −4 to 11). However, a significant degree of heterogeneity among studies was observed (I2 = 66 %). The subgroup analyses showed that vitamin D dosage of ≤1000 IU/day (WMD: 10 ng/ml) significantly increased IGF-1 compared to the vitamin D dosage of <1000 IU/day (WMD: −1 ng/ml). Moreover, intervention duration ≤12 weeks (WMD: 11 ng/ml) significantly increased IGF-1 compared to intervention duration <12 weeks (WMD: −3 ng/ml). In the epidemiological cohort study, participants under 60 years of age with a higher dietary vitamin D intake had significantly higher IGF-1 levels when compared to those with lower dietary vitamin D intake in second categories. Conclusion: The main results indicate a non-significant increase in IGF-1 following vitamin D supplementation. Additionally, vitamin D dosages of <1000 IU/day and intervention durations of <12 weeks significantly raised IGF-1 levels.The authors sincerely thank Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences for all moral and material supports. This study was supported by grants from the Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU), Tehran, Iran (Grant’s ID: 1398/3995)

Waist circumference and risk of liver cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of over 2 million cohort study participants

Purpose: Liver cancer is the sixth most common type of cancer worldwide, and waist circumference (WC) is associated with its risk beyond body mass index (BMI). This dose-response meta-analysis was performed to investigate the association between WC and the risk of incident liver cancer using prospective cohort studies. Methods: A comprehensive systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science databases, Scopus, and Coch­rane from inception to May 2019. Studies with retrospective or prospective cohort design that reported hazard ratio (HR), risk ratio, or odds ratio, and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) for liver cancer based on WC categories were included in this meta-analysis. Combined HRs with 95% CIs was estimated by DerSimonian and Laird random-effects models. Results: Associations between WC and liver cancer were reported in 5 articles with 2,547,188 participants. All studies were published between 2013 and 2019. Pooled results showed a strong significant association with minimum heterogeneity between WC and risk of liver cancer (HR 1.59, 95% CI 1.38–1.83, pheterogeneity = 0.42: I2 = 0%). Moreover, a dose-response model indicated a significant positive association between WC and risk of liver cancer (exp(b) = 1.018, p < 0.001). Conclusions: This systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis highlights WC as a significant risk factor related to the incidence of liver cancer

Effects of folic acid supplementation on C-reactive protein: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Background and aim: Given the contradictory results of previous randomized controlled trials (RCTs), we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify and summarize the effects of folic acid supplementation on C-reactive protein (CRP). Methods and results: We performed a systematic search of all available RCTs conducted up to October 2018 in the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane. RCTs that investigated the effect of folate on CRP were included in the present study. Data were combined with the use of generic inverse-variance random-effects models. Statistical heterogeneity between studies was evaluated using Cochran's Q-test. Ten RCTs (1179 subjects) were included in the present meta-analysis. Pooled analysis results showed that folate supplementation significantly lowered the serum CRP level (weighted mean difference (WMD): �0.685 mg/l, 95 CI: �1.053, �0.318, p &lt; 0.001). However, heterogeneity was significant (I 2 = 96.7, p = 0.000). Stratified analyses indicated that sex, intervention period, and type of study population were sources of heterogeneity. Following analysis, results revealed that the greatest impact was observed in women (WMD: �0.967 mg/l, 95 CI: �1.101, �0.833, p = 0.000), patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (WMD: �1.764 mg/l, 95 CI: �2.002, �1.526, p = 0.000), and intervention period less than 12 weeks (WMD: �0.742 mg/l, 95 CI: �0.834, �0.650, p = 0.000). Conclusion: This meta-analysis suggested that folic acid supplementation could significantly lower the serum CRP level. Folic acid leads to greater CRP lowering effect in women, patients with T2DM, and those with less than 12-week intervention. © 2018 The Italian Society of Diabetology, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition, and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II Universit

Association between abnormal maternal serum levels of Vitamin B12and preeclampsia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Context: Some evidence has shown an association between maternal Vitamin B12 levels and the development of preeclampsia in pregnant women, but the relationship between preeclampsia and Vitamin B12 is not clear. Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to compare serum Vitamin B12 levels in women with preeclampsia with those in normotensive pregnant women. Data Sources: The PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched up to August 2019, along with the reference lists of included articles. Study Selection: The literature was searched for observational studies that investigated Vitamin B12 levels in women with preeclampsia. Data Extraction: Data were extracted independently by 2 authors. Data were pooled using a random-effects model. Results: Vitamin B12 levels in women with preeclampsia were significantly lower than those in healthy women (mean,-15.24 pg/mL; 95CI,-27.52 to-2.954; P < 0.015), but heterogeneity between studies was high (I2â=â97.8; P = 0.0103). Subgroup analyses based on folic acid supplementation, homocysteine concentrations, and gestational age at the time of sampling for Vitamin B12 assessment did not identify the sources of heterogeneity. Conclusions: Women with preeclampsia had significantly lower Vitamin B12 concentrations than normotensive pregnant women. © 2020 The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Life Sciences Institute. All rights reserved

Association between glycemic index and Helicobacter pylori infection risk among adults: A case-control study

Objectives: The aim of this case-control study was to investigate the relationships between carbohydrate consumption, glycemic load (GL), glycemic index (GI), and the risk of Helicobacter pylori infection among adults admitted to an Iranian hospital. Methods: In this case-control study, we recruited 150 participants with H. pylori infection and 302 healthy participants ages 18 to 55. Dietary GI and GL were assessed using a validated 168-item quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Dietary GL was calculated as a function of GI, carbohydrate content, and the frequency of intake of certain foods. Results: After adjustment for potential confounders, and comparing the highest tertile with the lowest tertile, a significant direct association was observed between the consumption of carbohydrates (odds ratio OR = 2.87; 95% confidence interval CI, 1.18�6.96; P for trend = 0.017), GI (OR = 3.70; 95% CI, 2.01�6.81; P for trend < 0.001), GL (OR = 3.06; 95% CI, 1.43�6.54; P for trend = 0.001), the consumption of bread and refined-grain products (OR = 4.24; 95% CI, 2.22�8.11; P for trend < 0.001), and the odds of H. pylori infection (OR = 2.22; 95% CI, 1.30�3.79; P for trend = 0.003). Conclusions: Our data suggest that a high dietary GL, high GI, and high consumption of dietary carbohydrates significantly elevate the risk of H. pylori infection. Also, the amount of bread and refined-grain products consumed had a significant positive relationship with H. pylori infection. © 202

Melatonin supplementation and pro-inflammatory mediators: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials

Background: Inflammatory processes are involved in chronic diseases. It has been suggested that melatonin reduces inflammation by its radical scavenging properties; however, the results of the previous studies are inconclusive. The objective of the present meta-analysis is to determine the direction and magnitude of melatonin supplementation effect on inflammatory biomarkers. Methods: Databases including PubMed, Scopus, Cochran Library, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched up to April 2019. Meta-analysis was performed using random-effect model. Subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and meta-regression were also carried out. Results: Thirteen eligible studies with 22 datasets with total sample size of 749 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Melatonin supplementation significantly decreased TNF-α and IL-6 levels (WMD = � 2.24 pg/ml; 95% CI � 3.45, � 1.03; P &lt; 0.001; I2 = 96.7%, Pheterogeneity &lt; 0.001) and (WMD = � 30.25 pg/ml; 95% CI � 41.45, � 19.06; P &lt; 0.001, I2 = 99.0%; Pheterogeneity &lt; 0.001), respectively. The effect of melatonin on CRP levels was marginal (WMD = � 0.45 mg/L; 95% CI � 0.94, 0.03; P = 0.06; I2 = 96.6%, Pheterogeneity &lt; 0.001). Conclusion: The results of the present meta-analysis support that melatonin supplementation could be effective on ameliorating of inflammatory mediators. © 2019, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature