A research on structural design approaches within the scope of theory and application

Thesis (Master)--İzmir Institute of Technology, Architecture, İzmir, 1998Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 92-95)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and Englishxi, 96 leavesThe integration of creative, imaginative and economically feasible structures into the design process of _buildings has always been an essential issue in the history of architecture. The aim of this study is; to explore the relationship between the design of structural systems and the formation of architectural space, to display the changes in structure/space relationship in respect to scientific progress from the beginning of the age of positivism until today. This study is structured in two parts. At first, a morphological classification is made within a retrospective overview to explore the relationship of structure and space. Secondly, the age of positivism and the effects of positivism on architectural theories are explored to determine the changes in structure/space relationship. Today, the new developments in architectural space concept, such as "dynamic stability" affects the design of structures. Still, it is clear that the structure is an indispensable necessity during the process of shaping the space and architectural end product "building", whether the space is static or dynamic

Evaluation of structural irregularities based on architectural design considerations in Turkey

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to show significant points which can be used in the architectural design process by investigating the basic principles of earthquake resistant design (ERD) in a deductive format and to contribute to the architectural perception in ERD. Design/methodology/approach: First, the structural irregularity types are examined depending on the rules defined in the Turkish Earthquake Code, 2007 (TEC). Then, architectural design failures related to earthquake resistance of buildings under earthquake loading are visualized and solution suggestions in literature are described in detail by supported drawings. Findings: The problems causing structural irregularities are investigated deeply with given solutions in literature. It is obtained that the significant factors affecting the earthquake performance of structures are: architectural form, structural configuration, slenderness ratio, the location and rate of floor openings, projection rates and symmetry, rigidity and strength differences between floors, short columns, pounding effect. Social implications - The practical design decision rules can contribute to the phenomena of earthquake resistant architectural design and can encourage adoption of these rules in building industry. Originality/value: This study aims to gain an understanding of the problems in projects in terms of structural irregularities, and then manage to solve the problems using problem-oriented approaches. The suggested solutions can be adopted and applied to future projects for designing earthquake resistant buildings

Design of a reconfigurable deployable structure

This paper introduces a reconfigurable mechanised structure design composed of planar linkage units. The alternative forms that a linkage can be constructed with the same links and connections are called configurations or assembly modes of the linkage. During its motion, the linkage may pass from one assembly mode to another, which is called reconfiguration or assembly mode change. The reconfigurable structure presented in this paper is a single DOF multi-loop mechanised structure which has more than two configurations. Design and position analysis of the mechanism are implemented in Microsoft Excel environment. The link lengths can be varied in this environment and the structure can be simulated by changing input joint parameters. The mechanised reconfigurable structure can be used as a multifunctional canopy which can take any form in a few minutes for urgent needs after disasters, military purpose or public needs

Design of reconfigurable doubly-curved canopy structure

2nd International Conference on Structures and Architecture, ICSA 2013; Guimaraes; Portugal; 24 July 2013 through 26 July 2013In this paper, a new reconfigurable doubly-curved structure has been developed for a canopy roof. The proposed structure can transform itself to various configurations according to the activity and user requirements. It not only changes its shape from a planar geometry to doubly-curved geometries by means of actuators, but also becomes stable and carries loads. The main differences between proposed structure and similar deployable bar structures are that the proposed structure is more flexible with 2DoF and it requires less number of bars and joints. To obtain the doubly-curved geometry, a novel method has been introduced. After discussing the kinematic behavior of the system, a set of structural analyses are performed in three different geometric configurations of the proposed structure

Design alternatives of network of Altmann linkages

This paper presents a method of building deployable network assemblies derived from the single degree of freedom (DoF) over constrained Altmann linkage as a basic module. The method is based on assembling linkages with common links and joints or overlapping with extra R or 2R joints. New loops are emerged with overlapping method. The networks created have a single DoF, are over-constrained and have both fully deployed and folded configurations. The computer-aided models (CAD) are used to demonstrate these derived novel mechanisms

An investigation on plan geometries of RC buildings: With or without projections in plan

The interaction of plan geometry and structural configuration, a determinative factor in the earthquake behavior of buildings, has become a serious issue in the building industry in Turkey due to the poor seismic performance of R/C buildings during the latest earthquake. Consequently, designing new buildings without structural irregularities against earthquake loads is proving to be more significant. This study focuses on the effects of plan geometries on earthquake performances of buildings. In that respect, structural irregularities in the plan are investigated in detail based on the Turkish Earthquake Code (TEC 2007). The study is based on five main parametric models and a total of 40 sub-models that are grouped according to their plan geometries with excessive projections such as L-shaped, H-shaped, T-shaped and U-shaped models. In addition to these, a square model without any projections is also generated. All models are designed to have the same storey gross area but with different number of storeys. Changes in the earthquake behavior of buildings were evaluated according to the number of storeys, the projection ratios and the symmetry conditions of each model. The analysis of each structural irregularity resulted in many findings, which were then assessed. The study demonstrates that the square model delivers the best earthquake performance owing to its regular plan geometry

İşbirliğine dayalı ortamlarda gerçekleştirilen üstbilişsel sorgulama temelli öğretimin ilkokul 4. sınıf öğrencilerinin matematiksel problem çözme becerilerine etkisi

Bu araştırmanın amacı, işbirliğine dayalı ortamlarda gerçekleştirilen üstbilişsel sorgulama temelli öğretim uygulamalarının ilkokul dördüncü sınıf öğrencilerinin problem çözme becerilerine etkisini belirlemektir. Araştırma ön test-son test kontrol gruplu yarı deneysel modele göre tasarlanmıştır. Çalışma grubunu 2013-2014 öğretim yılında Kastamonu il merkezindeki bir devlet ilkokulunun 4. sınıflarında okuyan toplam 94 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Dersler deney-1 grubunda (n=33) işbirliğine dayalı ortamlarda gerçekleştirilen üstbilişsel sorgulama temelli öğretim yöntemiyle, deney-2 grubunda (n=31) ise üstbilişsel strateji desteği olmaksızın sadece işbirliğine dayalı öğrenme yöntemiyle işlenmiştir. Kontrol grubunda (n=30) ise var olan normal sürecin devam etmesi sağlanmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri, araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen Problem Çözme Becerileri Değerlendirme Testi vasıtasıyla toplanmıştır. Bulgulara göre, deneysel uygulamalar sonrasında, deney-1 grubundaki öğrencilerin problem çözme becerilerine yönelik puanlarının problemi anlama ile kontrol ve değerlendirme boyutlarında hem deney-2 grubu hem de kontrol grubundaki öğrencilere göre anlamlı düzeyde yüksek olduğu görülürken; plan/strateji geliştirme, planı uygulama ve problem kurma alt boyutlarında ise sadece kontrol grubundaki öğrencilere göre anlamlı derecede yüksek olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır

An incidental detection of aortic aneurysm on Tc-99m MAG3 renal scintigraphy

A 71-year-old man with newly diagnosed hypertension was referred for Technetium-99m mercaptoacetyltriglycine (Tc-99mMAG3) renal scintigraphy to evaluate the recent onset of impairmentin renal functions. Dynamic imaging revealed activity flowwhich was suspicious for aortic aneurysm (AA) with a concurrent decrease in left renal blood flow. CT angiography of the thoracoabdominal aorta confirmed that this area corresponded to AA. The purpose of this report was to present the first case of incidental detection of AA on Tc-99m MAG3 scintigraphy and highlight the importance of correlative imaging for thediagnosis of abnormal radioactivity accumulation in the regionof vascular structures

A novel planar scissor structure transforming between concave and convex configurations

In this paper, a novel two-dimensional scissor structure that transforms between concave and convex configurations is presented. The structure is designed by a method of assembling kite or anti-kite loops in the flat configuration. Angulated units are generated from the assembled loops. Finally, a new angulated scissor unit is introduced in order to design the novel scissor structure.European Union’s Horizon 2020 and Marie Skłodowska-Curie (grant no 689983

Can Tc-99m labeled erythrocyte scintigraphy be an alternative non-invasive method to endometriosis diagnosis?

Background: Endometriosis is defined as the implantation of endometrial gland and stroma ectopically outside the uterus. Clinically, it is a hormone dependent benign disease accompanied by pelvic pain and infertility. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the activated implants with 99m-Tc labeled erythrocyte scintigraphy (99mTc-RBCs) in patients with recurrent endometriosis and compare the results with pelvic MRI results.Methods: Patients who were diagnosed histopathologically as endometriosis either with operation and / or therapeutic laparascopy or laparotomy and, were included to present study. Thirty patients, who were diagnosed as recurrence by clinical, and laboratory terms and 10 healthy volunteer (control group) patients were included in the study. Between the second and fifth days of menstruation when the endometriotic lesions were highly activated, radionuclide imaging was performed by 99mTc-RBCs and compared with pelvic MRI findings.Results: In 27 patients out of 30 patients (90%) pathological accumulation of radioactivity foci with 99mTc-RBCs were present. The focal pathological accumulation was significant in 26 patients and moderate in 1 patient. In 22 patients (81.5%) the increased radioactivity accumulation in radionuclide images was concordant with MRI images. Regarding the MRI as reference, the sensitivity of 99mTc-RBCs was determined as 96%, specificity 29%, positive predicitive value 81% and negative predictive value was 66%.Conclusions: Imaging of endometriosis regions with 99m-Tc-RBCs can be an alternative diagnostic procedure for the patients with recurrent endometriosis