594 research outputs found
Oral Tau Aggregation Inhibitor for Alzheimer’s Disease : Design, Progress and Basis for Selection of the 16 mg/day Dose in a Phase 3, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Hydromethylthionine Mesylate
Funding Information: We gratefully acknowledge the contribution of the scientific advisory board, study investigators, and the generosity of study participants. The authors thank EVERSANA™ for providing medical writing support, which was funded by TauRx Therapeutics in accordance with Good Publication Practice (GPP3) guidelines ( http://www.ismpp.org/gpp3 ). Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s).Peer reviewedPublisher PD
The Evolution of the Galaxy Stellar Mass Function at z= 4-8: A Steepening Low-mass-end Slope with Increasing Redshift
We present galaxy stellar mass functions (GSMFs) at 4-8 from a
rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) selected sample of 4500 galaxies, found via
photometric redshifts over an area of 280 arcmin in the CANDELS/GOODS
fields and the Hubble Ultra Deep Field. The deepest Spitzer/IRAC data
yet-to-date and the relatively large volume allow us to place a better
constraint at both the low- and high-mass ends of the GSMFs compared to
previous space-based studies from pre-CANDELS observations. Supplemented by a
stacking analysis, we find a linear correlation between the rest-frame UV
absolute magnitude at 1500 \AA\ () and logarithmic stellar mass
() that holds for galaxies with . We
use simulations to validate our method of measuring the slope of the - relation, finding that the bias is minimized with a hybrid
technique combining photometry of individual bright galaxies with stacked
photometry for faint galaxies. The resultant measured slopes do not
significantly evolve over 4-8, while the normalization of the trend
exhibits a weak evolution toward lower masses at higher redshift. We combine
the - distribution with observed rest-frame UV luminosity
functions at each redshift to derive the GSMFs, finding that the low-mass-end
slope becomes steeper with increasing redshift from
at to at
. The inferred stellar mass density, when integrated over
-, increases by a factor of
between and and is in good agreement with the time integral of the
cosmic star formation rate density.Comment: 27 pages, 17 figures, ApJ, in pres
Boundary driven zero-range processes in random media
The stationary states of boundary driven zero-range processes in random media
with quenched disorder are examined, and the motion of a tagged particle is
analyzed. For symmetric transition rates, also known as the random barrier
model, the stationary state is found to be trivial in absence of boundary
drive. Out of equilibrium, two further cases are distinguished according to the
tail of the disorder distribution. For strong disorder, the fugacity profiles
are found to be governed by the paths of normalized -stable
subordinators. The expectations of integrated functions of the tagged particle
position are calculated for three types of routes.Comment: 23 page
Transcriptional regulation of the urokinase receptor (u-PAR) - A central molecule of invasion and metastasis
The phenomenon of tumor-associated proteolysis has been acknowledged as a decisive step in the progression of cancer. This short review focuses on the urokinase receptor (u-PAR), a central molecule involved in tumor-associated invasion and metastasis, and summarizes the transcriptional regulation of u-PAR. The urokinase receptor (u-PAR) is a heavily glycosylated cell surface protein and binds the serine protease urokinase specifically and with high affinity. It consists of three similar cysteine-rich repeats and is anchored to the cell membrane via a GPI-anchor. The u-PAR gene comprises 7 exons and is located on chromosome 19q13. Transcriptional activation of the u-PAR promoter region can be induced by binding of transcription factors (Sp1, AP-1, AP-2, NF-kappaB). One current study gives an example for transcriptional downregulation of u-PAR through a PEA3/ets transcriptional silencing element. Knowledge of the molecular regulation of this molecule in tumor cells could be very important for diagnosis and therapy in the near future
Isoperimetric Inequalities in Simplicial Complexes
In graph theory there are intimate connections between the expansion
properties of a graph and the spectrum of its Laplacian. In this paper we
define a notion of combinatorial expansion for simplicial complexes of general
dimension, and prove that similar connections exist between the combinatorial
expansion of a complex, and the spectrum of the high dimensional Laplacian
defined by Eckmann. In particular, we present a Cheeger-type inequality, and a
high-dimensional Expander Mixing Lemma. As a corollary, using the work of Pach,
we obtain a connection between spectral properties of complexes and Gromov's
notion of geometric overlap. Using the work of Gunder and Wagner, we give an
estimate for the combinatorial expansion and geometric overlap of random
Linial-Meshulam complexes
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