12 research outputs found
Histoire(s) de caractĂšres
Cet article tente de dĂ©montrer la cohĂ©rence des contes de Diderot envisagĂ©s sous le point de vue dâun programme Ă©tho-poĂ©tique englobant, au centre duquel se trouve la notion de caractĂšre. Le caractĂšre chez Diderot semble donner un fondement quasi physique, en tout cas naturaliste Ă la morale, mais il est lui-mĂȘme minĂ© par des tensions (entre forme et force, ĂȘtre et paraĂźtre, fiction et morale etc.) que met en relief lâarticle. AprĂšs une premiĂšre rĂ©flexion sur la critique du jugement moral effectuĂ©e par les contes, qui permet de relever les âvertusâ du caractere du point de vue de la pensĂ©e morale, sâapprofondit lâanalyse des enjeux littĂ©raires des contes. Il sâavĂšre que plutĂŽt quâun fondement stable de la morale, le caractĂšre (littĂ©raire), grĂące Ă ses ambivalences mĂȘmes, constitue le mĂ©dium privilĂ©giĂ© de la stratĂ©gie esthĂ©tique de Diderot en tant quâelle vise essentiellement Ă une compromission Ă©thique du lecteur.This article proposes to demonstrate the coherence of Diderotâs tales from the point of view of an overarching ethico-poetic strategy, centered on the notion of âcharacterâ. Character seems to provide Diderotâs moral thought with a quasi-physical, in any case naturalistic basis â were it not for the internal tensions with which it is ridden (between form and force, essence and appearance, fiction and morality etc.) and which this article tries to bring to the fore. Whereas a first section deals with the critique of moral judgment in and by the tales, thus allowing to highlight the âvirtuesâ of the notion of character from the point of view of ethical thinking, the latter part is devoted to investigating the properly narrative stakes of the tales. It concludes that, rather than providing any kind of stable âfoundationâ to his ethical system, the notion of (literary) character, thanks to its very ambivalence, constitutes a pivotal element of Diderotâs aesthetic strategy whose aim is the involvement â and ultimate corruption â of the reader
Das Genie und sein Anderes: zu Ann Jeffersons Studie âGenius in France: An Idea and its Usesâ
Ann Jefferson, Genius in France: An Idea and its Uses (Princeton, Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2015), 273 S., 11 Abb
Interrelation of inflammation and APP in sIBM: IL-1ÎČ induces accumulation of ÎČ-amyloid in skeletal muscle
Distinct interrelationships between inflammation and ÎČ-amyloid-associated degeneration, the two major hallmarks of the skeletal muscle pathology in sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM), have remained elusive. Expression of markers relevant for these pathomechanisms were analysed in biopsies of sIBM, polymyositis (PM), dermatomyositis (DM), dystrophic and non-myopathic muscle as controls, and cultured human myotubes. By quantitative PCR, a higher upregulation was noted for the mRNA-expression of CXCL-9, CCL-3, CCL-4, IFN-Îł, TNF-α and IL-1ÎČ in sIBM muscle compared to PM, DM and controls. All inflammatory myopathies displayed overexpression of degeneration-associated markers, yet only in sIBM, expression of the mRNA of amyloid precursor protein (APP) significantly and consistently correlated with inflammation in the muscle and mRNA-levels of chemokines and IFN-Îł. Only in sIBM, immunohistochemical analysis revealed that inflammatory mediators including IL-1ÎČ co-localized to ÎČ-amyloid depositions within myofibres. In human myotubes, exposure to IL-1ÎČ caused upregulation of APP with subsequent intracellular aggregation of ÎČ-amyloid. Our data suggest that, in sIBM muscle, production of high amounts of pro-inflammatory mediators specifically induces ÎČ-amyloid-associated degeneration. The observations may help to design targeted treatment strategies for chronic inflammatory disorders of the skeletal muscle
Ăkonomien der Anteilnahme : das Interesse als SchlĂŒsselbegriff der Ăsthetik des 18. Jahrhunderts
Zwischen IntegritÀt und Integration : Voltaires L'Ingénu als Beitrag zu einer kritischen Sozialphilosophie
Diderot et le temps
Le rapport de Diderot au temps est profondĂ©ment original : Ă bien des Ă©gards il dĂ©concerte une approche classique de son Ćuvre ; Ă bien dâautres, il nous fait entrer dâemblĂ©e dans la profonde modernitĂ© de sa pensĂ©e et de ses pratiques dâĂ©criture. Câest dâabord parce que le temps diderotien nâest ni seulement, ni mĂȘme proprement narratologique. Diderot rĂ©flĂ©chit au temps long, se confronte Ă lâatemporalitĂ© pure de lâĂ©ternitĂ© thĂ©ologique, sâengage dans le dĂ©bat sur la postĂ©ritĂ©, mĂ©dite sur les ruines, imagine la crĂ©ation et lâĂ©volution des espĂšces. Il aime Ă sâinstaller dans la pluralitĂ© des temporalitĂ©s : celle de lâennui et celle du songe, celle de la conversation et celle de lâexpĂ©rience, celle de lâimagination et celle de la poĂ©sie, celle de la peinture et celle du spectacle. Rarement chez Diderot le temps est donnĂ© de lâextĂ©rieur. Il est plutĂŽt saisi dans le jeu entre action et rĂ©action, et se mesure, sâapprĂ©hende alors, non sans interfĂ©rences, en termes de passion, de caractĂšre, de physiologie, de chimie, mais aussi de hiĂ©roglyphe poĂ©tique. Dans le temps de la rĂ©action, un report se fait : report de pensĂ©e, report dâaltĂ©ritĂ©, par quoi lâĆuvre se dialogise et se dĂ©fait comme Ćuvre mĂȘme pour devenir coopĂ©ration des temporalitĂ©s. Ce temps dĂ©fait et projetĂ©, fragmentaire et multiple, dĂ©finit et oriente une pratique poĂ©tique qui est une hermĂ©neutique, une expĂ©rience esthĂ©tique qui est une expĂ©rience de la philosophie. Câest cette pratique et cette expĂ©rience que le prĂ©sent ouvrage entend interroger