Characterization of Waste From Attiéké Factory: Case of Azito Village (Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire)

The control of the anaerobic digestion of cassava residues from attiéké factories requires their characterization to offer a better working environment to attiéké producers. This study concerns at first the quantity of solid residues of cassava, dough of crushed cassava and other waste generated by the process of attiéké production. The second aspect concerns the determination of some physicochemical parameters (COD, TKN, pH, COD/TKN). These two aspects were realized thanks to the use of a bag in synthetic fibers, a dynamometric steelyard with dial of diameter 17 cms, and the use of a gradual can of capacity 20 L. The results of this study showed that an average quantity of 1.53 tonne of manioc handled (treated) generates 1.14 m3 of effluents and 0.16 tonne of solid waste per day. These effluents are acid with a pH ranged between 2.54 and 4.80. So they have on average a DCO of 58.79 g/L for 0,71 g/L of nitrogen. All these parameters help control the optimal conditions of anaerobic digestion of cassava effluents in the manufacturing process of attiéké

THREATENED FISHES OF THE WORLD: Coptodon walteri (Thys van den Audenaerde 1968) (Perciformes: Cichlidae)

Coptodon walteri, Thys van den Audenaerde, 1968, je endemski ciklid iz Obale Bjelokosti i Liberije koji je ocijenjen kao gotovo ugrožena vrsta zbog ribolovnog pritiska, gubitka staništa i zagađenja vode zbog opsežnog iskapanja zlata u koritu rijeke Cavally. Iskazana je izrazita potreba za izradom planova zaštite i upravljanja za ovu vrstu.Coptodon walteri Thys van den Audenaerde 1968, an endemic cichlid of Ivory Coast and Liberia, is assessed as Near Threatened due to fishing pressure, and loss of habitats and aquatic pollution as a result of extensive clandestine gold mining in the bed of the Cavally River. There is an immediate need for developing conservation and management plans for this species

Apport de la Rééducation dans la Prise en Charge de la Lombalgie/Lomboradiculalgie Commune Chronique à Abidjan : Amélioration de la Douleur et de la Capacité Fonctionnelle dans 95% des Cas

Objectif : Evaluer l’apport de la rééducation dans la prise en charge de la lombalgie/lomboradiculalgie commune chronique (LRCC). Patients et méthodes :            Il s’est agi d’une étude prospective transversale allant du 1er janvier 2015 au 1er mai 2016 (16 mois), portant sur des cas de LRCC vu en rééducation au CHU de Cocody à Abidjan en Côte d’ivoire. L’échelle Eifel a permis d’évaluer la capacité fonctionnelle des patients. Il s’agissait de comparer l’intensité de la douleur et de son retentissement fonctionnel avant et après rééducation. Résultats : Sur 1380 patients vus, 86 souffraient de LRCC (6,23 %) soit 46 cas de lombalgie isolée (53,5%) et 40 cas de lomboradiculalgie (46,5%).  Leur âge moyen était de 49,9 ans +/- 11,7 (extrêmes : 14 et 71 ans) et le sex ratio de 0,43 (26 hommes et 60 femmes). Le nombre moyen de séances de rééducation effectué était de 13,5±5,2 (Extrêmes : 5 et 25) avec une durée moyenne de 1,6 mois ±0,7 (Extrêmes : 1 et 5).  L’évolution clinique était favorable chez 82 patients (95,35%). L’échelle visuelle analogique (EVA) moyenne était de 6,3±2 avant la rééducation, et de 1,8±1,6 après rééducation. Le score moyen de l’échelle EIFEL était de 13,38±5,7 avant la rééducation et de 3,6±4,82 après rééducation. Il existait une amélioration statistiquement significative de l’intensité de la douleur (p=0,02), et de la capacité fonctionnelle des patients après la rééducation (p=0,03). Conclusion : Les patients souffrant de LRCC consultent dans un contexte hyperalgique et invalidant en rééducation au CHU de Cocody. Les séances de rééducation permettent une amélioration de la douleur et de la capacité fonctionnelle des patients.   Objective: To evaluate the contribution of rehabilitation in the management of chronic low back pain/ lomboradiculalgia (LRCC). Patients and methods: This was a 16-month prospective cross-sectional study from January 1, 2015, to May 1, 2016, of LRCC cases seen in rehabilitation at the University Hospital of Cocody in Abidjan, Ivoiry Coast. The Eifel scale was used to assess the functional capacity of patients. The aim was to compare the intensity of pain and its functional impact before and after rehabilitation. Results: Of 1380 patients seen, 86 had LRCC (6.23%), i.e. 46 cases of isolated low back pain (53.5%) and 40 cases of lumbaradiculalgia (46.5%). Their mean age was 49.9 years +/- 11.7 (extremes: 14 and 71 years) and the sex ratio was 0.43 (26 men and 60 women).  The average number of rehabilitation sessions performed was 13.5±5.2 (extremes: 5 and 25) with an average duration of 1.6 months ±0.7 (extremes: 1 and 5).  The clinical evolution was favorable in 82 patients (95.35%). The mean visual analog scale (VAS) was 6.3±2 before rehabilitation, and 1.8±1.6 after rehabilitation.  The mean EIFEL score was 13.38±5.7 before rehabilitation and 3.6±4.82 after rehabilitation. There was a statistically significant decrease in pain intensity (p=0.02), and a statistically significant improvement in patients' functional capacity after rehabilitation (p=0.03). Conclusion: Patients suffering from LRCC consult in a hyperalgesic and disabling context in rehabilitation at Cocody. The rehabilitation sessions allow an improvement of the pain and the functional capacity of the patients

Apport de la Rééducation dans la Prise en Charge de la Lombalgie/Lomboradiculalgie Commune Chronique à Abidjan : Amélioration de la Douleur et de la Capacité Fonctionnelle dans 95% des Cas

Objectif : Evaluer l’apport de la rééducation dans la prise en charge de la lombalgie/lomboradiculalgie commune chronique (LRCC). Patients et méthodes : Il s’est agi d’une étude prospective transversale allant du 1er janvier 2015 au 1er mai 2016 (16 mois), portant sur des cas de LRCC vu en rééducation au CHU de Cocody à Abidjan en Côte d’ivoire. L’échelle Eifel a permis d’évaluer la capacité fonctionnelle des patients. Il s’agissait de comparer l’intensité de la douleur et de son retentissement fonctionnel avant et après rééducation. Résultats : Sur 1380 patients vus, 86 souffraient de LRCC (6,23 %) soit 46 cas de lombalgie isolée (53,5%) et 40 cas de lomboradiculalgie (46,5%).  Leur âge moyen était de 49,9 ans +/- 11,7 (extrêmes : 14 et 71 ans) et le sex ratio de 0,43 (26 hommes et 60 femmes). Le nombre moyen de séances de rééducation effectué était de 13,5±5,2 (Extrêmes : 5 et 25) avec une durée moyenne de 1,6 mois ±0,7 (Extrêmes : 1 et 5).  L’évolution clinique était favorable chez 82 patients (95,35%). L’échelle visuelle analogique (EVA) moyenne était de 6,3±2 avant la rééducation, et de 1,8±1,6 après rééducation. Le score moyen de l’échelle EIFEL était de 13,38±5,7 avant la rééducation et de 3,6±4,82 après rééducation. Il existait une amélioration statistiquement significative de l’intensité de la douleur (p=0,02), et de la capacité fonctionnelle des patients après la rééducation (p=0,03). Conclusion : Les patients souffrant de LRCC consultent dans un contexte hyperalgique et invalidant en rééducation au CHU de Cocody. Les séances de rééducation permettent une amélioration de la douleur et de la capacité fonctionnelle des patients.   Objective: To evaluate the contribution of rehabilitation in the management of chronic low back pain/ lomboradiculalgia (LRCC). Patients and methods: This was a 16-month prospective cross-sectional study from January 1, 2015, to May 1, 2016, of LRCC cases seen in rehabilitation at the University Hospital of Cocody in Abidjan, Ivoiry Coast. The Eifel scale was used to assess the functional capacity of patients. The aim was to compare the intensity of pain and its functional impact before and after rehabilitation. Results: Of 1380 patients seen, 86 had LRCC (6.23%), i.e. 46 cases of isolated low back pain (53.5%) and 40 cases of lumbaradiculalgia (46.5%). Their mean age was 49.9 years +/- 11.7 (extremes: 14 and 71 years) and the sex ratio was 0.43 (26 men and 60 women).  The average number of rehabilitation sessions performed was 13.5±5.2 (extremes: 5 and 25) with an average duration of 1.6 months ±0.7 (extremes: 1 and 5).  The clinical evolution was favorable in 82 patients (95.35%). The mean visual analog scale (VAS) was 6.3±2 before rehabilitation, and 1.8±1.6 after rehabilitation.  The mean EIFEL score was 13.38±5.7 before rehabilitation and 3.6±4.82 after rehabilitation. There was a statistically significant decrease in pain intensity (p=0.02), and a statistically significant improvement in patients' functional capacity after rehabilitation (p=0.03). Conclusion: Patients suffering from LRCC consult in a hyperalgesic and disabling context in rehabilitation at Cocody. The rehabilitation sessions allow an improvement of the pain and the functional capacity of the patients

Apport de la Rééducation dans la Prise en Charge de la Lombalgie/Lomboradiculalgie Commune Chronique à Abidjan : Amélioration de la Douleur et de la Capacité Fonctionnelle dans 95% des Cas

Objectif : Evaluer l’apport de la rééducation dans la prise en charge de la lombalgie/lomboradiculalgie commune chronique (LRCC). Patients et méthodes : Il s’est agi d’une étude prospective transversale allant du 1er janvier 2015 au 1er mai 2016 (16 mois), portant sur des cas de LRCC vu en rééducation au CHU de Cocody à Abidjan en Côte d’ivoire. L’échelle Eifel a permis d’évaluer la capacité fonctionnelle des patients. Il s’agissait de comparer l’intensité de la douleur et de son retentissement fonctionnel avant et après rééducation. Résultats : Sur 1380 patients vus, 86 souffraient de LRCC (6,23 %) soit 46 cas de lombalgie isolée (53,5%) et 40 cas de lomboradiculalgie (46,5%).  Leur âge moyen était de 49,9 ans +/- 11,7 (extrêmes : 14 et 71 ans) et le sex ratio de 0,43 (26 hommes et 60 femmes). Le nombre moyen de séances de rééducation effectué était de 13,5±5,2 (Extrêmes : 5 et 25) avec une durée moyenne de 1,6 mois ±0,7 (Extrêmes : 1 et 5).  L’évolution clinique était favorable chez 82 patients (95,35%). L’échelle visuelle analogique (EVA) moyenne était de 6,3±2 avant la rééducation, et de 1,8±1,6 après rééducation. Le score moyen de l’échelle EIFEL était de 13,38±5,7 avant la rééducation et de 3,6±4,82 après rééducation. Il existait une amélioration statistiquement significative de l’intensité de la douleur (p=0,02), et de la capacité fonctionnelle des patients après la rééducation (p=0,03). Conclusion : Les patients souffrant de LRCC consultent dans un contexte hyperalgique et invalidant en rééducation au CHU de Cocody. Les séances de rééducation permettent une amélioration de la douleur et de la capacité fonctionnelle des patients.   Objective: To evaluate the contribution of rehabilitation in the management of chronic low back pain/ lomboradiculalgia (LRCC). Patients and methods: This was a 16-month prospective cross-sectional study from January 1, 2015, to May 1, 2016, of LRCC cases seen in rehabilitation at the University Hospital of Cocody in Abidjan, Ivoiry Coast. The Eifel scale was used to assess the functional capacity of patients. The aim was to compare the intensity of pain and its functional impact before and after rehabilitation. Results: Of 1380 patients seen, 86 had LRCC (6.23%), i.e. 46 cases of isolated low back pain (53.5%) and 40 cases of lumbaradiculalgia (46.5%). Their mean age was 49.9 years +/- 11.7 (extremes: 14 and 71 years) and the sex ratio was 0.43 (26 men and 60 women).  The average number of rehabilitation sessions performed was 13.5±5.2 (extremes: 5 and 25) with an average duration of 1.6 months ±0.7 (extremes: 1 and 5).  The clinical evolution was favorable in 82 patients (95.35%). The mean visual analog scale (VAS) was 6.3±2 before rehabilitation, and 1.8±1.6 after rehabilitation.  The mean EIFEL score was 13.38±5.7 before rehabilitation and 3.6±4.82 after rehabilitation. There was a statistically significant decrease in pain intensity (p=0.02), and a statistically significant improvement in patients' functional capacity after rehabilitation (p=0.03). Conclusion: Patients suffering from LRCC consult in a hyperalgesic and disabling context in rehabilitation at Cocody. The rehabilitation sessions allow an improvement of the pain and the functional capacity of the patients

Threatened fishes of the world: Coptodon walteri (Thys van den Audenaerde 1968) (Perciformes: Cichlidae)

Coptodon walteri Thys van den Audenaerde 1968, an endemic cichlid of Ivory Coast and Liberia, is assessed as Near Threatened due to fishing pressure and loss of habitats, and aquatic pollution as a result of extensive clandestine gold mining in the bed of the Cavally River. There is an immediate need for developing conservation and management plans for this species

Assessment of some key indicators of the ecological status of an African freshwater lagoon (Lagoon Aghien, Ivory Coast)

International audienceThe supply of drinking water is a vital challenge for the people who live on the African continent, as this continent is experiencing strong demographic growth and therefore increasing water demands. To meet these needs, surface water resources are becoming increasingly mobilized because underground resources are not always available or have already been overexploited. This situation is the case in the region of Abidjan in the Ivory Coast, where the drinking water deficit is a growing problem and it is therefore necessary to mobilize new water resources to ensure the supply of drinking water. Among the potential resources, local managers have identified a freshwater lagoon, Lagoon Aghien, That is in close proximity to the city of Abidjan. With the aim of enhancing knowledge on the ecological functioning of the lagoon and contributing to the assessment of its ability to provide drinking water, several physical and chemical parameters of the water and the phytoplankton community of the lagoon were monitored for 17 months (December 2016-April 2018) at six sampling stations. Our findings show that the lagoon is eutrophic, as evidenced by the high concentrations of total phosphorus (>140 μg L-1), nitrogen (1.36 mg L-1) and average chlorophyll-a (26 to 167 μg L-1) concentrations. The phytoplankton community in the lagoon is dominated by genera typical of eutrophic environments including mixotrophic genera such as Peridinium and by cyanobacteria such as Cylindrospermopsis/Raphidiopsis, Microcystis and Dolichospermum that can potentially produce cyanotoxins. The two rainfall peaks that occur in June and October appeared to be major events in terms of nutrient flows entering the lagoon, and the dynamics of these flows are complex. Significant differences were also found in the nutrient concentrations and to a lesser extent in the phytoplankton communities among the different stations, especially during the rainfall peaks. Overall, these results reveal that the quality of the lagoon's water is already severely degraded, and this degradation could increase in future years due to increasing urbanization in the watershed. These results therefore raise questions about the potential use of the lagoon as a source of drinking water if measures are not taken very quickly to protect this lagoon from increasing eutrophication and other pollution sources

Chemical Composition and Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oils from Fruits of Morinda lucida

International audienceThe essential oils (EOs) obtained by hydro-distillation of fruits of Morinda lucida (Rubiaceae) growing in Cote d'Ivoire were investigated. The oil was analyzed and characterized by GC and GC-MS. Analyses of the EOs led to the identification and quantification of 45 constituents. Characterization of the EOs revealed the predominance of (E)-phytol (14.80 %) and n-octanol (6.19 %) followed by beta-caryophyllene (5.54 %) and 6,10,14-trimethyl pentandecan-2-one (5.48 %). The antibacterial activity of EOs from M.lucida was tested against three bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using a disc-diffusion method and the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values determined. The inhibition zones and MIC values were in the range of 11.6 to 24.3 mm and 32 to 256 mu g/mL, respectively. The EOs showed good antibacterial activity against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. The volatile oils extracted from M lucida exhibited a higher activity than the antibiotics tested on P aeruginosa

Chemical Composition and Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oils from Fruits of Morinda lucida

International audienceThe essential oils (EOs) obtained by hydro-distillation of fruits of Morinda lucida (Rubiaceae) growing in Cote d'Ivoire were investigated. The oil was analyzed and characterized by GC and GC-MS. Analyses of the EOs led to the identification and quantification of 45 constituents. Characterization of the EOs revealed the predominance of (E)-phytol (14.80 %) and n-octanol (6.19 %) followed by beta-caryophyllene (5.54 %) and 6,10,14-trimethyl pentandecan-2-one (5.48 %). The antibacterial activity of EOs from M.lucida was tested against three bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using a disc-diffusion method and the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values determined. The inhibition zones and MIC values were in the range of 11.6 to 24.3 mm and 32 to 256 mu g/mL, respectively. The EOs showed good antibacterial activity against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. The volatile oils extracted from M lucida exhibited a higher activity than the antibiotics tested on P aeruginosa