770 research outputs found

    Some data on the static longitudinal stability and control of airplanes : design of control surfaces

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    In the solution of a number of problems on the stability and controllability of airplanes, there arises the necessity for knowing the characteristics of the tail surfaces of the types in common use today. Of those characteristics, the most important are the effectiveness and hinge moments of the tail surfaces. As has been shown in the present paper, there exists the possibility of determining these characteristics by the formulas obtained with a degree of accuracy sufficient for the purposes of preliminary computation. These formulas take into account a number of fundamental tail characteristics such as tail cut-outs on the control surface and the form of the control surface leading edge

    Influence of Primary Cosmic Radiation Mass Composition on the Estimation of Eas Energy

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    At the Yakutsk EAS array E_em is determined by using measurements of EAS Cherenkov light flux and charged particle flux. It is known from calculations that these characteristics depend on a sort of primary particle and, therefore, the estimation of E_em depends on a primary particle mass. In the work the dependence of the E_em/E_0 ratio on the energy is given and experimental data are compared with calculations by the QGSJET model. The calculations have been carried out for the primary proton and iron nucleus. The average calculated meaning of the value of E_em/E_0 ratio (between the proton and iron nucleus) within experimental errors is in agreement with experimental data that doesnt contradict to the mixed mass composition of primary cosmic radiation.Comment: 19th European Cosmic Ray Symposium. Aug 30 - Sep 3 2004, Florence, Italy. 3 pages, 1 figure. Subbmitted for publication in International Journal of Modern Physics

    Composite and Nanomaterials

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    Розглянуто ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π°Π½ΡŒ, Ρ‰ΠΎ ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ одСрТання високоякісних Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚Π° Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„Ρ–ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ… рСактопластичних ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ–ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π»Ρ–Π² Ρ–Π· застосуванням Π½ΠΈΠ·ΡŒΠΊΠΎΡ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΡƒΠΊΡƒ. ВисвітлСно питання Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΡ–Π½Π°Ρ†Ρ–ΠΉ, Ρ‰ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Ρƒ нанотСхнологіях, дослідТСно сучасні напрямки Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ–ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ матСріалознавства Ρ‰ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„Ρ–ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ–ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚Ρ–Π². ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»Ρ–Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ряд Π΅Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ·Π°Ρ…ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ… засобів одСрТання Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„Ρ–ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ… рСактопластичних ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ–ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚Ρ–Π². ДослідТСно Π΅Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ– ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ диспСргування Π²ΡƒΠ³Π»Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π²ΠΈΡ… Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ±ΠΎΠΊ Π² ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ… Ρ– Π² Ρ€Ρ–Π΄ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ–ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΈΡ… сСрСдовищах, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ особливості Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΠ³Π»Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ модифікування ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ–ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚Ρ–Π² Π½Π° основі Споксидних ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π³ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ–Π². НавСдСно дСякі ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΈ використання Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ… Ρ– Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„Ρ–ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ… конструкційних вуглСпластиків Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ– авіакосмічної Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½Ρ–ΠΊΠΈ. Наприкінці посібника Π½Π°Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ– запитання для ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŽ. Для ΠΏΡ–Π΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ аспірантів, які Π½Π°Π²Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π·Π° ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†Ρ–Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŽ 133 – Π³Π°Π»ΡƒΠ·Π΅Π²Π΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Ρ‚Π° споріднСних ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†Ρ–Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅ΠΉ: ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΠ΄Ρ–Π²Π½ΠΎΡ—, Ρ…Ρ–ΠΌΡ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΡ—, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Ρ–Π²Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡ— Π³Π°Π»ΡƒΠ·Π΅ΠΉ промисловості. ΠΠ°Π²Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π° дисципліна – Β«ΠšΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½Ρ– Ρ‚Π° Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π»ΠΈΒ».A wide range of issues related to the production of high-quality traditional and nano-modified reactoplastic polymer composite materials using low-frequency ultrasound are considered. The problems of determinations used in nanotechnology are covered, and the current trends in the development of polymeric materials science are investigated with respect to nano-modified polymer composites. A number of effective patented protected means for producing nano-modified reactoplasty polymer composites have been analyzed. Methods for dispersing carbon nanotubes in organic solvents and in liquid polymeric media are described, as well as features of the nano-carbon modification of polymer composites based on epoxy oligomers. Examples of the use of traditional and nano-modified structural carbon plastics on the example of aerospace engineering are given. At the end of the manual are questions for self-control. For the training of applicants of PhD degree on specialty Β«Branch machine buildingΒ» and related specialties: engineering, chemical and construction industries. The academic discipline is Β«Composite and nanomaterialsΒ».РассмотрСн ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠ³ вопросов, ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ получСния высококачСствСнных Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… рСактопластичных ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² с ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ низкочастотного ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΡƒΠΊΠ°. ΠžΡΠ²Π΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½Ρ‹ вопросы Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π² нанотСхнологиях, исслСдованы соврСмСнныС направлСния развития ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ матСриаловСдСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΠΌ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ряд эффСктивных ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎ Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… срСдств получСния Π½Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… рСактопластичных ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ². ΠžΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ диспСргирования ΡƒΠ³Π»Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ±ΠΎΠΊ Π² органичСских растворитСлях ΠΈ Π² ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… срСдах, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ особСнности Π½Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡƒΠ³Π»Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° основС эпоксидных ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ². ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ использования Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… конструкционных углСпластиков Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ авиакосмичСской Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ. Π’ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ пособия ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹ вопросы для самоконтроля. Для ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ аспирантов, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Β«ΠžΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΡΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅Β» ΠΈ родствСнных ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅ΠΉ: ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ, химичСской, ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ отраслСй ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ. УчСбная дисциплина – Β«ΠšΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹Β»

    Azimuthal modulation of the event rate of cosmic ray extensive air showers by the geomagnetic field

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    The Earth's magnetic field effect on the azimuthal distribution of extensive air showers (EAS) of cosmic rays has been evaluated using a bulk of the Yakutsk array data. The uniform azimuthal distribution of the EAS event rate is rejected at the significance level 10^(-14). Amplitude of the first harmonics of observed distribution depends on zenith angle as A1=0.2*sin^2(theta) and is almost independent of the primary energy; the phase coincides with the magnetic meridian. Basing upon the value of measured effect, the correction factor has been derived for the particle density depending on a geomagnetic parameter of a shower.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures in ps file

    Fluctuations of Xmax and Primary Particle Mass Composition in the Range of Energy 5 10^{17} - 3 10^{19} ev by Yakutsk Data

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    The experimental distributions of \Xmax obtained with the Yakutsk EAS array at fixed energies of 5Γ—10175 \times10^{17}, 1Γ—10181\times10^{18} and 5Γ—10185\times10^{18} eV are analysed. A recent version of the QGSJET model is used as a tool of our analysis. In the framework of this model, the most adequate mass composition of primary particles satisfying the experimental data on \Xmax is selected.Comment: 19th European Cosmic Ray Symposium, Aug 30 - Sep 3 2004, Florence, Italy. 3 pages, 1 figure. Submitted for publication in International Journal of Modern Physics

    Crossover from hydrodynamic to acoustic drag on quartz tuning forks in normal and superfluid 4He

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    We present measurements of the drag forces on quartz tuning forks oscillating at low velocities in normal and superfluid 4He. We have investigated the dissipative drag over a wide range of frequencies, from 6.5 to 600 kHz, by using arrays of forks with varying prong lengths and by exciting the forks in their fundamental and first overtone modes. At low frequencies the behavior is dominated by laminar hydrodynamic drag, governed by the fluid viscosity. At higher frequencies acoustic drag is dominant and is described well by a three-dimensional model of sound emission

    Π‘ΠΠ˜Π–Π•ΠΠ˜Π• ΠΠ˜Π—ΠšΠžΠ§ΠΠ‘Π’ΠžΠ’ΠΠ«Π₯ ΠŸΠ£Π›Π¬Π‘ΠΠ¦Π˜Π™ Π’Π₯ΠžΠ”ΠΠžΠ“Πž ВОКА DC-DC ΠŸΠ Π•ΠžΠ‘Π ΠΠ—ΠžΠ’ΠΠ’Π•Π›Π•Π™ Π’ Π‘ΠžΠ‘Π’ΠΠ’Π• Π˜ΠΠ’Π•Π Π’ΠžΠ ΠžΠ’

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    The processesΒ are investigational in a two-stage inverter DC-DC/DC-AC structure associated with the presence of low-frequency input ripple current consumption.Β The simple model reflecting influence of the intermediate capacitor store of energy for the size of pulsations is offered.Β The timing diagramsΒ of current of the capacitive storage and ripple areΒ shown.Β The graphic dependences are resulted, allowing to estimate the size of pulsations and the additional power losses, due to their presence. Propose a compensation method to reduce input ripple current in a single-system voltage regulation on the capacitive storage device that allows you to achieve a significant reduction in ripple current minimum technical and cost without degrading system performance.Π˜ΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ процСссы Π² двухступСнчатой DC-DC/DC-AC структурС ΠΈΠ½Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°, связанныС с Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ низкочастотных ΠΏΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ потрСбляСмого Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ°. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° простая модСль, ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ влияниС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Смкостного накопитСля энСргии Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΏΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ. ΠŸΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Ρ‹ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² Смкостного накопитСля ΠΈ ΠΏΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹ графичСскиС зависимости, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΏΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈ мощности, обусловлСнныС ΠΈΡ… Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ компСнсационный ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ сниТСния ΠΏΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ° Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмС стабилизации напряТСния Π½Π° Смкостном Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΡŒ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ подавлСния ΠΏΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… тСхничСских Π·Π°Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π°Ρ… ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π· ΡƒΡ…ΡƒΠ΄ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ быстродСйствия систСмы
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