Viscomagnetoelastic Interactions in a Vortex Array in the Type–II Superconductor

The paper develops considerations on viscomagnetoelastic interactions in a vortex array in a type–II superconductor. It is well known that a magnetic field penetrates such a material along lines called vortices of a special structure. Each of them consists of a core of material in the normal state, i.e. a material in which Ohm’s law works and a surrounding where the supercurrent flows. The mean diameter of a core is called the coherence length. The penetration of the supercurrent outside the core exists in the London penetration depth. Since interactions among the vortices run with the help of the Lorenz force, the vortex field has elastic properties. Moreover, because of the normal state inside the vortex core also the viscosity of that field has been observed. The above situation occurs only between upper and lower magnetic field limits below the critical temperature regarding the phase diagram. The vortex field has a very interesting feature. In the vicinity of the lower magnetic field curve it possesses an ordered (quadratic or triangular) structure. Then going to the upper magnetic field limit that structure is losing its configuration behaving as a fluid. We assume smooth transition from ordered to disordered state althought it is much more complicated in nature. Following the above statements all the “material” coefficients characteristic for the vortex field are also dependent on the magnetic field and temperature. The main aim of the paper is a formulation of the stress – strain constitutive law consisting of the following features:• a coexistence of the ordered and disordered states,• the viscosity of the vortex field,• the dependence of the “material” coefficients related to the vortex field on the magnetic field.An application for YBCO ceramics that deals with the use of the proposed constitutive law in vortex field equations and results coming from that are presented. Numerical calculations concern wave propagation in depinned parallel vortex line field versus magnitude of the applied magnetic field

The K\"ahler-Ricci flow on surfaces of positive Kodaira dimension

The existence of K\"ahler-Einstein metrics on a compact K\"ahler manifold has been the subject of intensive study over the last few decades, following Yau's solution to Calabi's conjecture. The Ricci flow, introduced by Richard Hamilton has become one of the most powerful tools in geometric analysis. We study the K\"ahler-Ricci flow on minimal surfaces of Kodaira dimension one and show that the flow collapses and converges to a unique canonical metric on its canonical model. Such a canonical is a generalized K\"ahler-Einstein metric. Combining the results of Cao, Tsuji, Tian and Zhang, we give a metric classification for K\"aher surfaces with a numerical effective canonical line bundle by the K\"ahler-Ricci flow. In general, we propose a program of finding canonical metrics on canonical models of projective varieties of positive Kodaira dimension

Polya's inequalities, global uniform integrability and the size of plurisubharmonic lemniscates

First we prove a new inequality comparing uniformly the relative volume of a Borel subset with respect to any given complex euclidean ball \B \sub \C^n with its relative logarithmic capacity in \C^n with respect to the same ball \B. An analoguous comparison inequality for Borel subsets of euclidean balls of any generic real subspace of \C^n is also proved. Then we give several interesting applications of these inequalities. First we obtain sharp uniform estimates on the relative size of \psh lemniscates associated to the Lelong class of \psh functions of logarithmic singularities at infinity on \C^n as well as the Cegrell class of \psh functions of bounded Monge-Amp\`ere mass on a hyperconvex domain \W \Sub \C^n. Then we also deduce new results on the global behaviour of both the Lelong class and the Cegrell class of \psh functions.Comment: 25 page

Efficacy of compost amended biofiltration swales as green stormwater infrastructure for treatment of toxicants in Salish Sea road run-off

Biofiltration swales, or bioswales, use vegetated soil substrates to filter contaminants from stormwater, decrease sediment load, and reduce erosion. Following a storm, runoff moves slowly through the swale at a shallow depth. While stormwater is retained in the bioswales, pollutants are removed by the combined effects of filtration, infiltration, settling, and biotransformation. The system currently being evaluated at the Washington State University (WSU) Puyallup Research and Extension Center (PREC) uses compost to further enhance the ability of bioswales to remove toxicants. WSDOT has created guidelines for constructing compost amended biofiltration swales (CABS) and implemented a field test for CABS along Washington State Route (SR) 518 in 2009. As part of an ongoing study, influent and effluent samples are currently being collected at the field site during storm events and tested for metals, PAHs, pesticides, phthalates, and unknowns (LC-QTOF). Acute toxicity and sub-lethal effects of stormwater were also measured using zebrafish (Danio rerio) bioassays. Along with researchers from University of Washington (UW) we created a laboratory model for CABS at the WSU PREC to verify field test results in a controlled setting and identify ways that the WSDOT design could be improved. This system is exposed to highway runoff from a previously studied high volume source off SR 520 and tested at different flow rates, swale lengths, and slope gradients. Paired chemistry and toxicology data show how stormwater treatment by CABS differ from traditional soil biofiltration methods. Results presented at Salish Sea show how zebrafish developmental biology is affected by stormwater treatments and how CABS design impacts toxicant treatment efficacy

Impact of an interatrial shunt device on survival and heart failure hospitalization in patients with preserved ejection fraction

Aims: Impaired left ventricular diastolic function leading to elevated left atrial pressures, particularly during exertion, is a key driver of symptoms and outcomes in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Insertion of an interatrial shunt device (IASD) to reduce left atrial pressure in HFpEF has been shown to be associated with short‐term haemodynamic and symptomatic benefit. We aimed to investigate the potential effects of IASD placement on HFpEF survival and heart failure hospitalization (HFH). Methods and results: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction patients participating in the Reduce Elevated Left Atrial Pressure in Patients with Heart Failure study (Corvia Medical) of an IASD were followed for a median duration of 739 days. The theoretical impact of IASD implantation on HFpEF mortality was investigated by comparing the observed survival of the study cohort with the survival predicted from baseline data using the Meta‐analysis Global Group in Chronic Heart Failure heart failure risk survival score. Baseline and post‐IASD implant parameters associated with HFH were also investigated. Based upon the individual baseline demographic and cardiovascular profile of the study cohort, the Meta‐analysis Global Group in Chronic Heart Failure score‐predicted mortality was 10.2/100 pt years. The observed mortality rate of the IASD‐treated cohort was 3.4/100 pt years, representing a 33% lower rate (P = 0.02). By Kaplan–Meier analysis, the observed survival in IASD patients was greater than predicted (P = 0.014). Baseline parameters were not predictive of future HFH events; however, poorer exercise tolerance and a higher workload‐corrected exercise pulmonary capillary wedge pressure at the 6 months post‐IASD study were associated with HFH. Conclusions: The current study suggests IASD implantation may be associated with a reduction in mortality in HFpEF. Large‐scale ongoing randomized studies are required to confirm the potential benefit of this therapy

Effect of surface polishing and oxidization induced strain on electronic order at the Verwey transition in Fe3O4

International audienceFollowing the controversy between two previous publications (Lorenzo et al 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 226401 and Garcia et al 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 176405), we report on the influence of mechanical polishing, and subsequent sample storage, on the electronic order at the Verwey transition of highly pure magnetite, Fe3O4, by resonant x-ray scattering. Contrary to expectations, mechanically polishing the surface induces an inhomogeneous micron deep dead layer, probably of powdered Fe3O4. In addition, we have found that polishing the sample immediately before the experiment influences and favors the appearance of long range order electronic correlations, whereas samples polished well in advance have their electronic order quenched. Conversely, lattice distortions associated with the Verwey transition appear less affected by the surface state. We conclude that mechanical polishing induces stresses at the surface that may propagate into the core of the single crystal sample. These strains relax with time, which affects the different order parameters, as measured by x-ray resonant diffraction

Perturbative Fragmentation of Leptoquark into Heavy Lepto-Quarkonium

The fragmentation function of a scalar leptoquark into possible S-wave bound states with a heavy anti-quark is calculated to the leading order in perturbative QCD for the high energy processes at large transverse momenta. The one-loop equations for the $q^2$-evolution of moments of the fragmentation function due to the hard gluon emission by the leptoquark are derived. The integral probabilities of fragmentation are evaluated.Comment: 8 pages, epsf-style, 3 eps-figure

Color flows for the process gg --> Bc + c + b-bar

The contributions of different color flows into the gluonic Bc-meson production cross section has been calculated. This study is essential to simulate Bc-meson production with the help of Pythia program. The essence of matter is that in the frame work of the Lund model used by Pythia the hadronization way of the final partons and hadronic remnants depends on the color flow type. The modified method for calculation of the color flow contributions has been proposed.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures, RevTeX

Phosphate-mediated electrochemical adsorption of cisplatin on gold electrodes

This manuscript reports the potential-dependent adsorption and deposition of cisplatin on polycrystalline gold electrode. It was found that this process is mediated by the adsorption of phosphate anions on the gold electrode and that the maximum coverage of Pt adsorbed is given by the maximum coverage of phosphate adsorbed at a given potential. The interaction of cisplatin with the phosphate groups was confirmed by in situ FTIR spectroscopy under external reflexion configuration. Quantitative analysis suggests that the stoichiometry of the phosphate species and the cisplatin adsorbed was 1:1. Moreover, the relationship between the charge of the Pt deposited and the charge of the electrochemical surface area of the Pt deposited on the gold electrodes indicates that 3D nanoclusters of a few atoms of Pt were formed over the gold electrode upon the electrochemical reduction of the adsorbed cisplatin.The Pt nanoclusters formed under these conditions were later evaluated for the oxidation of a monolayer of carbon monoxide. The Pt nanoclusters showed a high overpotential for the oxidation of the carbon monoxide monolayer and the high oxidation overpotential was attributed to the absence of adsorption sites for OH species on the Pt clusters: only at potentials where the OH species are adsorbed at the edge between the Pt nanocluster and the gold support, the oxidation of the carbon monoxide on the Pt nanoparticles takes place.Catalysis and Surface Chemistr