Flow rate measurement in aggressive conductive fluids

Two non-contact experimental methods of flow rate measurements for aggressive conductive liquids are described. The techniques are based on electromagnetic forces and Faraday’s law: Lorentz force is induced inside moving conductive liquid under influence of variable magnetic field of permanent magnets. They are mounted along a liquid metal channel or (in case of the second method) inserted into rotated metal wheels. The force acts in the opposite of fluids’ velocity direction and hence it is possible to measure reaction force of it that takes place according to Newton’s law on magnetic field source – permanent magnets. And by knowing the force, which linearly depends on velocity, one can calculate mean flow rate of liquid. In addition experimental “dry” calibration and its results are described for one of the measurements’ techniques

Constrained flow around a magnetic obstacle

Many practical applications exploit an external local magnetic field -- magnetic obstacle -- as an essential part of their constructions. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the flow of an electrically conducting fluid influenced by an external field can show several kinds of recirculation. The present paper reports a 3D numerical study whose some results are compared with an experiment about such a flow in a rectangular duct.Comment: accepted to JFM, 26 pages, 14 figure

Electromagnetic stirring of glass melts using Lorentz forces - Experimental results

The question as to whether it is possible to stir glass melts using electromagnetic (Lorentz) forces has been controversially discussed in the past. Α series of accurate experiments is reported in which the buoyancy driven motion of a directly electrically heated glass melt in a cylindrical crucible has been modified by applying an external alternating magnetic field. Using temperature measurements directly in the melt it is demonstrated for the first time that the Lorentz force created in the melt leads to a homogenization of the temperature and density distributions because of an enhancement of the flow. Moreover, evidence is provided for an improvement of the glass homogeneity. The feasibility analysis provides rational possibilities for the application of magnetic fields for electromagnetic flow control in glassmaking processes

Velocity and flow rate measurement of liquid metal by contactless electromagnetic Lorentz force technique

Providing flow analysis in case of aggressive and hot liquids is a complicated task, especially when liquid's composition and, hence, its physical properties, are unknown. Contactless techniques are the most promising methods for liquid metal flow rate control and some of these methods are based on electromagnetic induction of breaking force acting on an electrically conductive fluid which is moving through a magnetic field. One of the techniques is time-of-flight Lorentz force velocimetry (LFV). By using the method one can estimate volumetric flow rate without knowing of electrical conductivity, magnitude of magnetic field or characteristic dimension. The most important and crucial challenge within the technique is detection of small fluctuations of Lorentz force value. In this article we will focus on application and investigation of time-of-flight LFV

3D Nanocomposite with High Aspect Ratio Based on Polyaniline Decorated with Silver NPs: Synthesis and Application as Electrochemical Glucose Sensor

In this paper, we present a new methodology for creating 3D ordered porous nanocomposites based on anodic aluminum oxide template with polyaniline (PANI) and silver NPs. The approach includes in situ synthesis of polyaniline on templates of anodic aluminum oxide nanomembranes and laser-induced deposition (LID) of Ag NPs directly on the pore walls. The proposed method allows for the formation of structures with a high aspect ratio of the pores, topological ordering and uniformity of properties throughout the sample, and a high specific surface area. For the developed structures, we demonstrated their effectiveness as non-enzymatic electrochemical sensors on glucose in a concentration range crucial for medical applications. The obtained systems possess high potential for miniaturization and were applied to glucose detection in real objects—laboratory rat blood plasma

Laser-Induced Deposition of Plasmonic Ag and Pt Nanoparticles, and Periodic Arrays

Surfaces functionalized with metal nanoparticles (NPs) are of great interest due to their wide potential applications in sensing, biomedicine, nanophotonics, etc. However, the precisely controllable decoration with plasmonic nanoparticles requires sophisticated techniques that are often multistep and complex. Here, we present a laser-induced deposition (LID) approach allowing for single-step surface decoration with NPs of controllable composition, morphology, and spatial distribution. The formation of Ag, Pt, and mixed Ag-Pt nanoparticles on a substrate surface was successfully demonstrated as a result of the LID process from commercially available precursors. The deposited nanoparticles were characterized with SEM, TEM, EDX, X-ray diffraction, and UV-VIS absorption spectroscopy, which confirmed the formation of crystalline nanoparticles of Pt (3–5 nm) and Ag (ca. 100 nm) with plasmonic properties. The advantageous features of the LID process allow us to demonstrate the spatially selective deposition of plasmonic NPs in a laser interference pattern, and thereby, the formation of periodic arrays of Ag NPs forming diffraction gratin

Prospects for cross-border cooperation in the Republic of Karelia : From borders to shared space - BOSS Report

This report presents the modern and future trends of social and economic development of the Republic of Karelia. The main results of the analysis of demographic processes, labor market development and the social sphere are presented on the basis of relevant statistics. One of the main results of the study is the characteristic of economic development of key industries with providing general information on largest enterprises. The report presents new directions of socio-economic development of the Republic of Karelia through the use of scientific, technical and natural potential of the Republic of Karelia. The great importance in the study is paid to cross-border cooperation in the economic and social sphere. This report is part of the From Borders to Shared Space – BOSS -project. The project strengthens co-operation between universities of applied sciences and the working life in the border districts. This is realised with the help of new implementation models within research, development and innovation. Karelia University of Applied Sciences focuses on the border districts of Russia. The districts of the Republic of Karelia and the south eastern metropolis of St Petersburg are its special focus area. The Finnish Ministry of Culture and education funds the project

Antenna Spatial Structure Influence on Communication System Capacity in Consideration of Transmitting Antenna Rotation

Questions of technical implementation of communication system with different antenna spatial structures are discussed. The paper reviews the design of a system for data transmission from a rotating object to the ground receiving station with various spatial MIMO antenna structures. Different variants of the onboard antenna array with a different number of antennas are investigated. Values of the channel matrix for the communication system for the object rotating around the longitudinal axis are calculated. Transmission rate averaged over the period of rotation according to the position of the object on the trajectory and spatial structure of the ground receiving station is calculated