Postpartum lifestyle behaviour among women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus : evidence from the HUNT study

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Feasibility of a postpartum web- and phone-based lifestyle program for women with a history of preeclampsia or gestational diabetes : A pilot intervention study

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Additive and Synergistic Modulation of LPS-induced NF-kappa B Activity by Dietary Plant Extracts

Epidemiological studies have shown that a high intake of fruits and vegetables is associated with a reduced risk of chronic diseases. The mechanisms behind these beneficial effects are not fully understood, but it is widely believed that the numerous phytochemicals found in plants and interactions between them plays an important role. In the present work 8 different dietary plant extracts are selected on basis of their high phytochemical content and their ability to inhibit the transcription factor NF-kappa B. NF-kappa B is essential in normal immune responses and cell survival, but is also up-regulated in conditions like chronic inflammation and certain cancers. The purpose of this work was to elucidate whether combinations of the extracts have an additive or synergistic effect on NF-kappa B activation under an acute inflammatory condition in a monocytic cell line. In addition we studied the effect of a combination extract on NF-kappa B activation in vivo in transgenic mice. Out of 22 combinations tested in vitro, 10 showed a synergistic effect on LPS-induced NF-kappa B activity. The combination of oregano and coffee showed the strongest synergistic effect with 46 % lower NF-kappa B activity than the sum of effects of the two individual extracts. Coffee, oregano and thyme were each present in 4 of the 10 combinations that showed synergistic effects. In addition, 10 of the 22 combinations showed an additive effect or a trend towards synergy. The in vivo experiment showed that a combination of thyme, clove, oregano, coffee and walnut gave a trend towards inhibition of LPS-induced NF-kappa B activity in whole mice. The combination-extract significantly inhibited LPS-induced NF-kappa B activity in the intestine and showed a trend towards lower NF-kappa B activation in the liver. This is the first study to show synergistic effect of dietary components on NF-kappa B activation. Based on these results further work with food synergy is warranted

D4.2 Legal and regulatory framework for Swedish/Norwegian CCS cooperation

A description is provided of the legal/regulatory situation, as of early December 2021, for CO2 transport from Sweden/Preem AB to Norway/Northern Lights. CO2 transport from Sweden to Norway for the purpose of geological storage under the seabed is since 2019 legal, thanks to the provisional application of the amended Article 6 of the London Protocol, provided that the necessary unilateral declarations are deposited from Norway and Sweden to IMO and that Sweden and Norway enter a bilateral agreement on the matter. Economic incentives for CCS include the EU-ETS for fossil CO2 and the Swedish support for Bio-CCS through reverse auctioning

D4.2 Legal and regulatory framework for Swedish/Norwegian CCS cooperation

A description is provided of the legal/regulatory situation, as of early December 2021, for CO2 transport from Sweden/Preem AB to Norway/Northern Lights. CO2 transport from Sweden to Norway for the purpose of geological storage under the seabed is since 2019 legal, thanks to the provisional application of the amended Article 6 of the London Protocol, provided that the necessary unilateral declarations are deposited from Norway and Sweden to IMO and that Sweden and Norway enter a bilateral agreement on the matter. Economic incentives for CCS include the EU-ETS for fossil CO2 and the Swedish support for Bio-CCS through reverse auctioning.publishedVersio

The validity of self-reported number of teeth and edentulousness among Norwegian older adults, the HUNT Study

Background Number of teeth is an established indicator of oral health and is commonly self-reported in epidemiological studies due to the costly and labor-intensive nature of clinical examinations. Although previous studies have found self-reported number of teeth to be a reasonably accurate measure, its accuracy among older adults ≥ 70 years is less explored. The aim of this study was to assess the validity of self-reported number of teeth and edentulousness in older adults and to investigate factors that may affect the accuracy of self-reports. Methods This study included two different samples of older adults ≥ 70 years drawn from the fourth wave of the Trøndelag Health Study (the HUNT Study), Norway. Sample 1 (n = 586) was used to evaluate the validity of self-reported number of teeth and sample 2 (n = 518) was used to evaluate self-reported edentulousness. Information on number of teeth and background variables (education, smoking, cognitive function, and self-perceived general and oral health) were self-reported in questionnaires, while clinical oral health examinations assessed number of teeth, number of teeth restored or replaced by fixed prosthodontics and edentulousness. Spearman and Pearson correlation coefficients, Bland–Altman plot, chi-square test and kappa statistics were used to assess the agreement between self-reported and clinically recorded number of teeth. Results The mean difference between self-reported and clinically recorded number of teeth was low (− 0.22 teeth), and more than 70% of the participants reported their number of teeth within an error of two teeth. Correlations between self-reports and clinical examinations were high for the total sample (0.86 (Spearman) and 0.91 (Pearson)). However, a lower correlation was found among participants with dementia (0.74 (Spearman) and 0.85 (Pearson)), participants having ≥ 20 teeth (0.76 (Spearman) and 0.67 (Pearson)), and participants with ≥ 5 teeth restored or replaced by fixed prosthodontics (0.75 (Spearman) and 0.77 (Pearson)). Self-reports of having teeth or being edentulous were correct in 96.3% of the cases (kappa value 0.93, p value < 0.001). Conclusions Among older Norwegian adults, self-reported number of teeth agreed closely with clinical tooth counts and nearly all the edentulous participants correctly reported having no teeth

Prevalence of malnutrition among older adults in a population-based study - The HUNT Study

Background Malnutrition is common in older adults and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates. Aim The aim of the study is to describe the prevalence of malnutrition based on low BMI, involuntary weight loss, and reduced food intake, in a Norwegian population of community-dwelling older adults and older adults living in nursing homes. Methods This population-based study is part of the fourth wave of the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT4) and includes participants ≥70 years from the HUNT4 70+ cohort. The HUNT4 70+ cohort consist of 9930 (response rate 51.2%) participants. In the current study 8127 older people had complete dataset for inclusion in the analyses. Participants completed a self-report questionnaire and standardised interviews and clinical assessments at field stations, in participants’ homes or at nursing homes. Malnutrition was defined using the following criteria: low BMI, involuntary weight loss and severely reduced food intake. The standardised prevalence of malnutrition was estimated using inverse probability weighting (IPW) with weights for sex, age and education of the total population in the catchment area of HUNT. Results Of the 8127 included participants, 7671 (94.4%) met at field stations, 356 (4.4%) were examined in their home, and 100 (1.2%) in nursing homes. In total, 14.3% of the population were malnourished based on either low BMI, weight loss, or reduced food intake, of which low BMI was the most frequently fulfilled criterion. The prevalence of malnutrition was less common among men than among women (10.1 vs 18.0%, p < 0.001), also after adjustment for age (OR 0.53, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.46–0.61). The prevalence increased gradually with increasing age and the regression analysis adjusted for sex showed that for each year increase in age the prevalence of malnutrition increased with 4.0% (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.03–1.05). The prevalence was higher both among older adults examined in their homes (26.4%) and residents in nursing home (23.6%), as compared to community-dwelling older adults who met at field stations (13.5%). Conclusion The prevalence of malnutrition is high in the older population. Special attention on prevention and treatment of malnutrition should be given to older women, the oldest age groups, and care-dependent community-dwelling older adults and nursing home residents