Symmetries of modules of differential operators

Let ${\cal F}\_\lambda(S^1)$ be the space of tensor densities of degree (or weight) $\lambda$ on the circle $S^1$. The space ${\cal D}^k\_{\lambda,\mu}(S^1)$ of $k$-th order linear differential operators from ${\cal F}\_\lambda(S^1)$ to ${\cal F}\_\mu(S^1)$ is a natural module over $\mathrm{Diff}(S^1)$, the diffeomorphism group of $S^1$. We determine the algebra of symmetries of the modules ${\cal D}^k\_{\lambda,\mu}(S^1)$, i.e., the linear maps on ${\cal D}^k\_{\lambda,\mu}(S^1)$ commuting with the $\mathrm{Diff}(S^1)$-action. We also solve the same problem in the case of straight line $\mathbb{R}$ (instead of $S^1$) and compare the results in the compact and non-compact cases.Comment: 29 pages, LaTeX, 4 figure

Isomorphisms of algebras of Colombeau generalized functions

We show that for smooth manifolds X and Y, any isomorphism between the special algebra of Colombeau generalized functions on X, resp. Y is given by composition with a unique Colombeau generalized function from Y to X. We also identify the multiplicative linear functionals from the special algebra of Colombeau generalized functions on X to the ring of Colombeau generalized numbers. Up to multiplication with an idempotent generalized number, they are given by an evaluation map at a compactly supported generalized point on X.Comment: 10 page

Universalities in One-electron Properties of Limit Quasi-periodic Lattices

We investigate one-electron properties of one-dimensional self-similar structures called limit quasi-periodic lattices. The trace map of such a lattice is nonconservative in contrast to the quasi-periodic case, and we can determine the structure of its attractor. It allows us to obtain the three new features of the present system: 1) The multi-fractal characters of the energy spectra are {\it universal}. 2) The supports of the $f(\alpha)$-spectra extend over the whole unit interval, $[0, 1]$. 3) There exist marginal critical states.Comment: 4 pages, 2figure

Moduli spaces for finite-order jets of Riemannian metrics

We construct the moduli space of r-jets at a point of Riemannian metrics on a smooth manifold. The construction is closely related to the problem of classification of jet metrics via differential invariants. The moduli space is proved to be a differentiable space which admits a finite canonical stratification into smooth manifolds. A complete study on the stratification of moduli spaces is carried out for metrics in dimension n=2.Comment: 25 pages, corrected typos, partially changed content with an appendix adde

Singular lagrangians: some geometric structures along the Legendre map

New geometric structures that relate the lagrangian and hamiltonian formalisms defined upon a singular lagrangian are presented. Several vector fields are constructed in velocity space that give new and precise answers to several topics like the projectability of a vector field to a hamiltonian vector field, the computation of the kernel of the presymplectic form of lagrangian formalism, the construction of the lagrangian dynamical vector fields, and the characterisation of dynamical symmetries.Comment: 27 pages; minor changes, a reference update

Hamiltonian, Energy and Entropy in General Relativity with Non-Orthogonal Boundaries

A general recipe to define, via Noether theorem, the Hamiltonian in any natural field theory is suggested. It is based on a Regge-Teitelboim-like approach applied to the variation of Noether conserved quantities. The Hamiltonian for General Relativity in presence of non-orthogonal boundaries is analysed and the energy is defined as the on-shell value of the Hamiltonian. The role played by boundary conditions in the formalism is outlined and the quasilocal internal energy is defined by imposing metric Dirichlet boundary conditions. A (conditioned) agreement with previous definitions is proved. A correspondence with Brown-York original formulation of the first principle of black hole thermodynamics is finally established.Comment: 29 pages with 1 figur

Conserved Quantities from the Equations of Motion (with applications to natural and gauge natural theories of gravitation)

We present an alternative field theoretical approach to the definition of conserved quantities, based directly on the field equations content of a Lagrangian theory (in the standard framework of the Calculus of Variations in jet bundles). The contraction of the Euler-Lagrange equations with Lie derivatives of the dynamical fields allows one to derive a variational Lagrangian for any given set of Lagrangian equations. A two steps algorithmical procedure can be thence applied to the variational Lagrangian in order to produce a general expression for the variation of all quantities which are (covariantly) conserved along the given dynamics. As a concrete example we test this new formalism on Einstein's equations: well known and widely accepted formulae for the variation of the Hamiltonian and the variation of Energy for General Relativity are recovered. We also consider the Einstein-Cartan (Sciama-Kibble) theory in tetrad formalism and as a by-product we gain some new insight on the Kosmann lift in gauge natural theories, which arises when trying to restore naturality in a gauge natural variational Lagrangian.Comment: Latex file, 31 page

Transmission and Spectral Aspects of Tight Binding Hamiltonians for the Counting Quantum Turing Machine

It was recently shown that a generalization of quantum Turing machines (QTMs), in which potentials are associated with elementary steps or transitions of the computation, generates potential distributions along computation paths of states in some basis B. The distributions are computable and are thus periodic or have deterministic disorder. These generalized machines (GQTMs) can be used to investigate the effect of potentials in causing reflections and reducing the completion probability of computations. This work is extended here by determination of the spectral and transmission properties of an example GQTM which enumerates the integers as binary strings. A potential is associated with just one type of step. For many computation paths the potential distributions are initial segments of a quasiperiodic distribution that corresponds to a substitution sequence. The energy band spectra and Landauer Resistance (LR) are calculated for energies below the barrier height by use of transfer matrices. The LR fluctuates rapidly with momentum with minima close to or at band-gap edges. For several values of the parameters, there is good transmission over some momentum regions.Comment: 22 pages Latex, 13 postscript figures, Submitted to Phys. Rev.