Locus-specific detection of HLA-DQ and -DR antigens by antibodies against synthetic N-terminal octapeptides of the β chain

Antibodies against synthetic peptides representing the class-II antigen HLA-DR and -DQ β chain N-terminal sequences were prepared in rabbits. The two octapeptides only share two amino acids and enzyme-linked immuno-assays showed the antisera only to bind to its own antigen. Both peptide antisera detected a 29 kDa component in immunoblots of Raji and AL-34 cell plasma membrane proteins separated by SDS gel electrophoresis. The binding of either N-terminal peptide antiserum was selectively inhibited only by the peptide used as antigen. Indirect immunofluorescence.analysis by flow cytofluorometry showed specific surface immunofluorescence in 1:100-1:1000 dilutions in lymphoblastoid and blood mononucleated cells. In the latter the binding was primarily confined to monocytes and a subpopulation of lymphocytes. It is concluded that locus-specific immunological reagents to distinguish between β chains of HLA-DR and -DQ have been prepared by the preparation by the production of antibodies against the N-terminal sequences of each polypeptide. © 1985

Uddannelseskompetencer i det nye årtusinde

CASE: Børn og unge anvender i stor stil Web 2.0 i sociale kontekster, men er ikke nødvendigvis kompetente i forhold til at anvende de teknologiske muligheder i uddannelsesmæssig og faglig sammenhæng. Denne artikel undersøger det kolosale potentiale for vores uddannelser og biblioteker

The Universal Primer - An open source solution for archiving, organizing and streaming live lectures

Many disparate projects providing open access to educational videos are currently available or under development. These projects lack a unifying interface for accessing content, employ differing content licenses, and provide little or no infrastructure for user-contribution or live teaching. The goal of the Universal Primer is to address these problems, and allow anyone, anywhere, to teach or learn anything that can be reasonably taught or learned through a computer. The Universal Primer is : • A fully open source solution for streaming live lectures. • A Wikipedia-like website for uploading and organizing open-licensed community-contributed educational material. Relevance: The Universal Primer is an attempt at building a global educational network that allows teacher's and students to connect across the globe. Submission Category: CDIO Project demonstration session Keywords – online, video, streaming, community, open-sourc

Can plant traits predict seed dispersal probability via red deer guts, fur, and hooves?

Seed dispersal by mammals provides functional connectivity between isolated plant habitat patches. Across much of Europe, red deer (Cervus elaphus) populations are growing steadily, potentially leading to increasing importance of this large mammal species to plant dispersal. While deer endozoochory is relatively well studied, epizoochory via fur and hoof attachment is much less understood. Seed dispersal internally and externally on 57 red deer individuals was investigated by sampling the seed content of intestinal tracts, fur, and hooves of animals shot during annual hunts in four contrasted landscapes in Denmark. We assessed compositional differences between dispersal modes whether plant species' association to a dispersal mode could be predicted by seed traits, whole‐plant traits, and species' local abundance. We found the largest difference in seed species composition to be between epizoochory (fur and hooves) and endozoochory (gut contents). Probability of plant dispersal through guts and fur was correctly predicted from traits more often than not. Hoof‐epizoochory, however, could not be correctly predicted from plant traits. Most plant species encountered were picked up by all three dispersal modes, suggesting an overriding effect of plant abundance in the landscapes in which the deer roam, which was also indicated by the statistical analysis. Nonetheless, a significant proportion of species were associated with either gut, fur, or hoof‐borne dispersal, reflecting the effect of plant traits and, potentially, animal behavior. Plant species being dispersed more often than expected through intestines were mainly associated with ruderal habitats, whereas species transported via fur tended toward association with wooded habitats. Considering the increasing red deer populations in Europe, and the differences between seed dispersal modes, all modes of animal seed dispersal should be taken into account in future studies