Комп’ютерні технології в гірництві. Методичне забезпечення практичних занять та самостійної роботи студентів напряму підготовки 050301 Гірництво, спеціальності «Розробка родовищ корисних копалин», спеціалізації «Охорона праці в гірничому виробництві»

Розглянуто загальні відомості про програмну систему РЕВОД, її структуру та вимоги до підготовки вихідних даних. Наведено варіанти завдань, порядок виконання розрахунків та оформлення звіту. Подано необхідний довідковий матеріал

Divergent functional connectivity during attentional processing in Lewy body dementia and Alzheimer's disease

Attention and executive dysfunction are features of Lewy body dementia (LBD) but their neuroanatomical basis is poorly understood. To investigate underlying dysfunctional attention-executive network (EXEC) interactions, we examined functional connectivity (FC) in 30 patients with LBD, 20 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and 21 healthy controls during an event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment. Participants performed a modified Attention Network Test (ANT), where they were instructed to press a button in response to the majority direction of arrows, which were either all pointing in the same direction or with one pointing in the opposite direction. Network activations during both target conditions and a baseline condition (no target) were derived by (ICA) Independent Component Analysis, and interactions between these networks were examined using the beta series correlations approach. Our study revealed that FC of ventral and dorsal attention networks DAN was reduced in LBD during all conditions, although most prominently during incongruent trials. These alterations in connectivity might be driven by a failure of engagement of ventral attention networks, and consequent over-reliance on the DAN. In contrast, when comparing AD patients with the other groups, we found hyperconnectivity between the posterior part of the default mode network (DMN) and the DAN in all conditions, particularly during incongruent trials. This might be attributable to either a compensatory effect to overcome DMN dysfunction, or be arising as a result of a disturbed transition of the DMN from rest to task. Our results demonstrate that dementia syndromes can be characterized both by hyper- and hypoconnectivity of distinct brain networks, depending on the interplay between task demand and available cognitive resources. However these are dependent upon the underlying pathology, which needs to be taken into account when developing specific cognitive therapies for LBD as compared to Alzheimer's.The Research was supported by the National Institute for Health Research Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre based at Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University. This work was also supported by an Intermediate Wellcome Clinical Fellowship; Contract grant number: (WT088441MA) to John-Paul Taylor; Contract grant sponsor: the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), and Newcastle Biomedical Research Unit (BRU) based at Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle University

Neuropsychiatric symptoms in at-risk groups for AD dementia and their association with worry and AD biomarkers—results from the DELCODE study

Background: Early identification of individuals at risk of dementia is mandatory to implement prevention strategies and design clinical trials that target early disease stages. Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) have been proposed as potential markers for early manifestation of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We aimed to investigate the frequency of NPS in SCD, in other at-risk groups, in healthy controls (CO), and in AD patients, and to test the association of NPS with AD biomarkers, with a particular focus on cognitively unimpaired participants with or without SCD-related worries. / Methods: We analyzed data of n = 687 participants from the German DZNE Longitudinal Cognitive Impairment and Dementia (DELCODE) study, including the diagnostic groups SCD (n = 242), mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 115), AD (n = 77), CO (n = 209), and first-degree relatives of AD patients (REL, n = 44). The Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), and Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI-SF) were used to assess NPS. We examined differences of NPS frequency between diagnostic groups. Logistic regression analyses were carried out to further investigate the relationship between NPS and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarkers, focusing on a subsample of cognitively unimpaired participants (SCD, REL, and CO), who were further differentiated based on reported worries. / Results: The numbers of reported NPS, depression scores, and anxiety scores were significantly higher in subjects with SCD compared to CO. The quantity of reported NPS in subjects with SCD was lower compared to the MCI and AD group. In cognitively unimpaired subjects with worries, low Aß42 was associated with higher rates of reporting two or more NPS (OR 0.998, 95% CI 0.996–1.000, p < .05). / Conclusion: These findings give insight into the prevalence of NPS in different diagnostic groups, including SCD and healthy controls. NPS based on informant report seem to be associated with underlying AD pathology in cognitively unimpaired participants who worry about cognitive decline. / Trial registration: German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00007966. Registered 4 May 2015

Centering inclusivity in the design of online conferences: An OHBM-Open Science perspective

As the global health crisis unfolded, many academic conferences moved online in 2020. This move has been hailed as a positive step towards inclusivity in its attenuation of economic, physical, and legal barriers and effectively enabled many individuals from groups that have traditionally been underrepresented to join and participate. A number of studies have outlined how moving online made it possible to gather a more global community and has increased opportunities for individuals with various constraints, e.g., caregiving responsibilities. Yet, the mere existence of online conferences is no guarantee that everyone can attend and participate meaningfully. In fact, many elements of an online conference are still significant barriers to truly diverse participation: the tools used can be inaccessible for some individuals; the scheduling choices can favour some geographical locations; the set-up of the conference can provide more visibility to well-established researchers and reduce opportunities for early-career researchers. While acknowledging the benefits of an online setting, especially for individuals who have traditionally been underrepresented or excluded, we recognize that fostering social justice requires inclusivity to actively be centered in every aspect of online conference design. Here, we draw from the literature and from our own experiences to identify practices that purposefully encourage a diverse community to attend, participate in, and lead online conferences. Reflecting on how to design more inclusive online events is especially important as multiple scientific organizations have announced that they will continue offering an online version of their event when in-person conferences can resume

Midlife occupational cognitive requirements protect cognitive function in old age by increasing cognitive reserve

INTRODUCTION: Several lifestyle factors promote protection against Alzheimer's disease (AD) throughout a person's lifespan. Although such protective effects have been described for occupational cognitive requirements (OCR) in midlife, it is currently unknown whether they are conveyed by brain maintenance (BM), brain reserve (BR), or cognitive reserve (CR) or a combination of them. METHODS: We systematically derived hypotheses for these resilience concepts and tested them in the population-based AgeCoDe cohort and memory clinic-based AD high-risk DELCODE study. The OCR score (OCRS) was measured using job activities based on the O*NET occupational classification system. Four sets of analyses were conducted: (1) the interaction of OCR and APOE-e4 with regard to cognitive decline (N = 2,369, AgeCoDe), (2) association with differentially shaped retrospective trajectories before the onset of dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT; N = 474, AgeCoDe), (3) cross-sectional interaction of the OCR and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarkers and brain structural measures regarding memory function (N = 873, DELCODE), and (4) cross-sectional and longitudinal association of OCR with CSF AD biomarkers and brain structural measures (N = 873, DELCODE). RESULTS: Regarding (1), higher OCRS was associated with a reduced association of APOE-e4 with cognitive decline (mean follow-up = 6.03 years), consistent with CR and BR. Regarding (2), high OCRS was associated with a later onset but subsequently stronger cognitive decline in individuals converting to DAT, consistent with CR. Regarding (3), higher OCRS was associated with a weaker association of the CSF Aß42/40 ratio and hippocampal volume with memory function, consistent with CR. Regarding (4), OCR was not associated with the levels or changes in CSF AD biomarkers (mean follow-up = 2.61 years). We found a cross-sectional, age-independent association of OCRS with some MRI markers, but no association with 1-year-change. OCR was not associated with the intracranial volume. These results are not completely consistent with those of BR or BM. DISCUSSION: Our results support the link between OCR and CR. Promoting and seeking complex and stimulating work conditions in midlife could therefore contribute to increased resistance to pathologies in old age and might complement prevention measures aimed at reducing pathology

Reserves for using free energy capacities in the regions of Russia

Статья посвящена исследованию абсолютного и относительного высвобождения энергетических, производственных и инфраструктурных мощностей в регионах России через показатели динамики спроса на электропотребление в стране с 1990 по 2015 год. Цель работы: анализ общего изменения спроса на электропотребление в регионах России и направлений его изменения с целью выявления свободных энергетических мощностей. Методы исследования: метод анализа, синтеза, аналитической группировки. Результаты. Предложена классификация регионов России, в которых с 1990 по 2015 год произошел спад спроса на электропотребление по показателям относительного и абсолютного снижения электропотребления, и построена карта регионов России по сокращению спроса на электропотребление с выделением групп регионов со схожими характеристиками. Для каждой выявленной региональной группы оценены параметры потенциала высвобожденных энергетических, производственных и инфраструктурных мощностей и проведено ранжирование регионов по интегральному показателю изменения объемов электропотребления внутри каждой региональной группы. Апробация результатов исследования на примере Челябинской области подчеркивает как теоретическую, так и практическую значимость полученных выводов. Результаты исследований могут бытьиспользованы в практической деятельности как инвесторами в процессе выбора площадок для размещенияпромышленных объектов, так и федеральными органами исполнительной власти в процессеразработки программ социально-экономического развития регионов РоссииThe article is devoted to the study of the absolute and relative release of energy, production andinfrastructure capacities in the regions of Russia through the indicators of the dynamics of demand forelectricity consumption in the country for the period from 1990 to 2015. The aim of the work is to analyzethe overall change in demand for electricity in the regions of Russia and the switch in its distribution in orderto identify free energy capacity. Methods: method of analysis, synthesis, and analytical grouping. Results.The paper introduces the classification of the regions of Russia with the decline in demand for electricityconsumption for the period from 1990 to 2015 in terms of relative and absolute decrease in powerconsumption, and a map of the regions of Russia for reducing the demand for electricity consumption, withthe selection of groups of regions with similar characteristics. For each identified regional group the authorshave evaluated the parameters of potential of released energy, production and infrastructural capacities andranked the regions according to the integral indicator of change in the amount of electricity consumptionwithin each regional group. Approbation of the results of the study on the example of the Chelyabinsk regionemphasizes both the theoretical and practical significance of the findings. The results of the research can beused in practical activities by investors, in selecting the sites for placing industrial facilities, and by federalexecutive bodies in developing programs for socio-economic development of Russian region