A high-resolution fringe printer for studying synthetic holograms

A high resolution fringe printer developed for driving the research in computer-generated holograms is presented. This fringe printer consists of a rotation drum and a laser diode and is capable of printing elliptical dots of 1.5 times 3.0 microns in diameter on photosensitive films. These dot sizes are approximately converted into resolutions of 17,000dpi × 8,500dpi. The horizontal and vertical angles of viewing-zone of holograms printed by the printer reach 24 and 12 degrees, respectively. The designed maximum scan speed is more than 200mm/s, and at current stage of development, a hologram of approximately 50 mm square can be printed in approximately 2 hours

卵巣明細胞癌と類内膜癌の鑑別に関するMRIについての知見

BACKGROUND: Common cancerous histological types associated with endometriosis are clear cell carcinoma (CCC) and endometrioid carcinoma (EC). CCC is regarded as an aggressive, chemoresistant histological subtype. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers some potential advantages to diagnose ovarian tumors compared with ultrasonography or computed tomography. This study aimed to identify MRI features that can be used to differentiate between CCC and EC. METHODS: We searched medical records of patients with ovarian cancers who underwent surgical treatment at Nara Medical University Hospital between January 2008 and September 2018; we identified 98 patients with CCC or EC who had undergone preoperative MRI. Contrasted MRI scans were performed less than 2 months before surgery. Patients were excluded from the study if they had no pathology, other pathological subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer, and/or salvage treatment for recurrence and metastatic ovarian cancer at the time of study initiation. Clinically relevant variables that were statistically significant by univariate analysis were selected for subsequent multivariate regression analysis to identify independent factors to distinguish CCC from EC. RESULTS: MRI of CCC and EC showed a large cystic heterogeneous mixed mass with mural nodules protruding into the cystic space. Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the growth pattern (broad-based nodular structures [multifocal/concentric sign] or polypoid structures [focal/eccentric sign]), surface irregularity (a smooth/regular surface or a rough/irregular/lobulated surface), "Width" of mural nodule, "Height-to-Width" ratio (HWR), and presence of preoperative ascites were factors that significantly differed between CCC and EC. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the growth pattern of the mural nodule (odds ratio [OR] = 0.69, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.013-0.273, p = 0.0004) and the HWR (OR = 3.71, 95% CI: 1.128-13.438, p = 0.036) were independent predictors to distinguish CCC from EC. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, MRI data showed that the growth pattern of mural nodules and the HWR were independent factors that could allow differentiation between CCC and EC. This finding may be helpful to predict patient prognosis before operation.博士（医学）・乙第1433号・令和元年9月27日© The Author(s). 2019 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated

Combined effects of AHR, CYP1A1, and XRCC1 genotypes and prenatal maternal smoking on infant birth size : Biomarker assessment in the Hokkaido Study

Objectives: We investigated the individual and combined effects of maternal polymorphisms encoding the aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AHR; rs2066853), cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 (rs1048963), and the X-ray-complementing gene 1 (XRCC1; rs1799782) and prenatal smoking in relation to infant birth size. Methods: Totally, 3263 participants (1998 non-smokers and 1265 smokers) were included in the study between 2003 and 2007. Two groups of mothers were distinguished by plasma cotinine levels by ELISA measured during the third trimester (cut-off = 11.48 ng/mL). We conducted data analysis using multiple linear regression models. Results: Infants whose mothers smoked and had AHR-GG, CYP1A1-AG/GG, and XRCC1-CT/TT genotypes weighed, -145 g less than those born of mothers who did not smoke and had the AHR-GA/AA, CYP1A1-AA, and XRCC1-CC genotypes (95% CI: -241, -50). Conclusions: We demonstrated that infants whose mothers smoked during pregnancy with the combination of AHR, CYP1A1, and XRCC1 polymorphisms had lower birth size

Rate of Family Violence Among Patients With Schizophrenia in Japan

Kageyama, M., Yokoyama, K., Nagata, S., Kita, S., Nakamura, Y., Kobayashi, S., & Solomon, P. (2015). Rate of Family Violence Among Patients With Schizophrenia in Japan. Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health, 27(6), pp. 652–660. © 2015 APJPH. DOI: 10.1177/101053951559506

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家庭機器の発達・普及により主婦の生活行動に変化がみられるようになってきた。また, それにともない食生活も変った様相をみせてきている。そこで埼玉, 千葉地区の住宅街及び東京地区の下町商店街に居住し, バレーボールのサークル活動に参加している主婦112名を対象に, 冷凍食品, インスタント食品, 既製品惣菜の利用状況を通して, 食生活に対する意識・行動について調査・検討を行った。(1) 献立を決めるときの条件として, 栄養のバランスは三地区とも大きな因子となっているが, 価格は埼玉地区に, 時間は東京地区に重視の傾向がみられた。また, 食材料の購入は, 半数以上の人が何日分かの献立を考えてまとめ買いをしている。(2) 購入の際の商品へのチェックは三地区ともに約50%以上の人が積極的態度を示していた。(3) 冷凍食品では半調理加工品, インスタント食品では中華麺類・だしの素類に, 既製品惣菜では揚げ物・肉の焼物が多く利用されており, 家庭で作るのが大変なもの, また, 家庭では本格的な味がつけられないものの利用とみうけられる。(4) 利用するときは昼・夕食時, 急ぐとき, 忙しいときに多くみられた。また, 簡便性, 保存性の理由で用いられているが, 適度に用いたいとしている人が, いづれの地区も80%前後いた。(5) 住環境が異なる東京地区では, 料理をすることを煩わしく思っている人が多く, 冷凍・インスタント食品の利用頻度も高く, 食事にかけられる時間・手間の少ないことがうかがえた。(6) 以上, 急激な利用増加現象とともに, 今後も減ることはないであろうと思われる既製品食品の利用について, 栄養的配慮を加えた有効的な利用法の啓もうにより, 食意識の高揚に努力が必要と思われる

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This study was investigated the form of daily lunch in the high school students. 1) Thirty two percent of the students were satisfied the present form of daily lunch. Among these students, the students in the 1st and the 2nd grade, who have been taking a home-made lunch showed higher rate of satisfaction in the present lunch and in the 3rd grade, the students have been taking commercially readymade lunch showed higher rate of satisfaction. 2) Fifty percent of the students wanted to be given a school lunch in the high school, because of avoiding the troubles to prepare the lunch

Effectiveness of Enteral Nutrition in Restoring on Immunocompetence Comparing with Naturl Oral Feeding in Malnourished Rats

A protocol for nutritional restoration with estimated amount of nutrients from malnourished state was set up by increasing protein intake at a week interval. Based on this protocol, recovery of hematological, biochemical and immunological parameters in rats nutritionally restored with per os natual diet (PD) and enteral tube feeding of Clinimeal (EN) was described. When these two nutrients were compared, body weight gains showed somewhat delay in EN group but Hb, Ht, and serum total protein level, C3 level, macrophage function and PPD skin reactivity were restored more rapidly and effectively in the group restored with EN than that with PD. From these points, it is preferable to restore the severe malnourished state with enteral nutrient, Clinimeal

Desensitization of delayed-type hypersensitivity in mice: suppressive environment

The systemic injection of high doses of antigen into a preimmunized animal results in transient unresponsiveness of cell-mediated immune responses. This phenomenon is known as desensitization. Serum interleukin 2 (IL-2) activity was found transiently in desensitized mice at 3 h after the antigen challenge. These mice could not reveal antigen nonspecific delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) 1 d after the challenge. Specific suppression of DTH was observed at later stages. Sera from 3 h desensitized mice showed suppressive effects on DTH in preo immunized mice. Administration of recombinant IL-2 into preimmunized mice led to the failure of development of DTH to antigens. These observations suggest that IL-2 plays an important role in the suppressive environment