Active shrinkage protects neurons following axonal transection

Trauma, vascular events, or neurodegenerative processes can lead to axonal injury and eventual transection (axotomy). Neurons can survive axotomy, yet the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Excessive water entry into injured neurons poses a particular risk due to swelling and subsequent death. Using in vitro and in vivo neurotrauma model systems based on laser transection and surgical nerve cut, we demonstrated that axotomy triggers actomyosin contraction coupled with calpain activity. As a consequence, neurons shrink acutely to force water out through aquaporin channels preventing swelling and bursting. Inhibiting shrinkage increased the probability of neuronal cell death by about 3-fold. These studies reveal a previously unrecognized cytoprotective response mechanism to neurotrauma and offer a fresh perspective on pathophysiological processes in the nervous system.Yüzüncü Yıl Universit

Bükük ve yarı-bükük fonksiyonların inşaası ve sayması üzerine.

Bent and semi-bent functions play an important role in cryptography and coding theory. They are widely studied as parts of building blocks in symmetric key cryptosystems because they provide resistance to fast correlation attacks and linear cryptanalysis due to their high nonlinearity. Besides, they can possess other desirable cryptographic properties such as low autocorrelation, propagation criteria, resiliency and high algebraic degree. Therefore, parallel to the advances in cryptanalysis techniques, the need for finding and constructing such functions increases day by day. However, as the number of inputs gets higher, it becomes impossible to search exhaustively all bent/semibent functions on the entire space. This limitation prompts researchers to deduce new methods to obtain bent/semi-bent functions with reasonable amount of computation power. A lot of research has been devoted to construction, characterization or enumeration of bent/semi-bent functions. For these reasons, we aim to contribute to the knowledge of bent and semi-bent functions by presenting new results on constructions, characterization and enumeration of these functions. In this thesis, characterization of a class of quadratic Boolean functions for semi-bentness is given and it is proved that semi-bent functions exist only when the input number is a multiple of 6. Furthermore, a generic method for enumeration of semi-bent and bent functions in certain classes is presented. Using this method, exact number of characterized semi-bent functions is found. Moreover, with this method some previous partial and incomplete enumeration results for three other classes of semi-bent/bent functions in the literature are completed. Explicit constructions of bent and semi-bent functions of Maiorana-McFarland class via linear structures and linear translators are proposed. Also, by using these explicit constructions as well as other algebraic structures like derivatives, certain quadratic and cubic functions, new secondary constructions of bent and semi-bent functions are obtained.Ph.D. - Doctoral Progra

Characterisation and enumeration of a class of semi-bent quadratic Boolean functions

In this paper, we consider semi-bentness of quadratic Boolean functions defined for even n and give the characterisation of these functions. Up to our knowledge, semi-bentness of this class has not been investigated before and we proved that semi-bent functions of this form exist only for 6|n. Furthermore, we present a method for enumeration of semi-bent and bent functions in certain classes. Using this method we find the exact number of semi-bent functions of this form. Moreover, we complete some previous partial and incomplete enumeration results for three other classes of semi-bent/bent functions in the literature using this method. We also correct some results on quadratic bent functions stated in Ma et al

Ortaokul Öğrencileri İçin Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Servisine Yönelik Tutum Ölçeğinin Geliştirilmesi

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ortaokul öğrencilerinin psikolojik danışma ve rehberlik (PDR) servisine yönelik tutumlarını belirleyebilmek amacıyla bir ölçek geliştirmektir. Bu amaca yönelik öncelikle ilgili literatür incelenmiş ve ortaokul öğrencilerinde rehberlik servisine yönelik tutumun göstergesi olabilecek bilişsel, davranışsal ve duyuşsal özellikler belirlenmiştir. Bu göstergeler dâhilinde 30 madde yazılmıştır. Uzman görüşü ve ön uygulama sonrasında 4 madde çıkarılmış ve 26 maddelik uygulama formu oluşturulmuştur. Hazırlanan bu form ile ortaokula devam eden 599 öğrenciden veri toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 21 ve AMOS 21 programları ile çözümlenmiştir. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliğine ilişkin açımlayıcı faktör analizi (AFA) ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) yapılmıştır. Ölçeğin güvenirliğine ilişkin kanıt bulmak amacıyla Cronbach Alfa iç tutarlık katsayısı hesaplanmış ve test-tekrar güvenirliği yapılmıştır. Yapılan açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda ölçeğin 18 madde ve iki alt boyuttan oluştuğu görülmüştür. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda model uyum indekslerinin oldukça iyi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ölçeğin tümüne ilişkin Cronbach Alfa iç tutarlık katsayısı .92 olarak hesaplanmıştır

Bent and semibent functions via linear translators

The paper is dealing with two important subclasses of plateaued functions: bent and semi-bent functions. In the first part of the paper, we construct mainly bent and semi-bent functions in the Maiorana-McFarland class using Boolean functions having linear structures (linear translators) systematically. Although most of these results are rather direct applications of some recent results, using linear structures (linear translators) allows us to have certain flexibilities to control extra properties of these plateaued functions. In the second part of the paper, using the results of the first part and exploiting these flexibilities, we modify many secondary constructions. Therefore, we obtain new secondary constructions of bent and semi-bent functions not belonging to the Maiorana-McFarland class. Instead of using bent (semi-bent) functions as ingredients, our secondary constructions use only Boolean (vectorial Boolean) functions with linear structures (linear translators) which are very easy to choose. Moreover, all of them are very explicit and we also determine the duals of the bent functions in our constructions. We show how these linear structures should be chosen in order to satisfy the corresponding conditions coming from using derivatives and quadratic/cubic functions in our secondary constructions

Algebraic And Combinatorial Methods İn Finite Fields, Coding Theory And Cryptography

Bu projede, kombinatorik, cebirsel fonksiyonel cisimler ve sonlu cebirsel geometri teknikleri kullanarak kodlama teorisi, sonlu cisimler ve kriptografi üzerine çalışmalar yapılması amaçlanmaktadır. Bunların arasında BAP-07-05- 2011-002 nolu projemizde başlayan bazı çalışmalar da devam ettirileceği planlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmalarla ilgili olarak bazı techizat alımı ve bilgi/deneyim arttırılması, makale sunumu gibi gerekçelerle uluslararası konferanslarda katılınması bu projenin amaçlarıdır. Konferans veya dergilere makale sunmak bu projenin beklenen sonuçlarındandır

Investigation of Urban Design Approaches in Renewal Areas with Hybrid Decision Model

Generally, urban renewal practices in developing countries are formed by economic concerns and by ignoring the design dimension. As a result, these conditions create unqualified urban spaces in terms of livability. In this study, to analyze and evaluate this problem, a criterion framework and a hybrid spatial decision model are formed for improving the design quality of renewal projects. The authors defined 37 urban design criteria through literature research, expert opinions, and self-assessments. A multidisciplinary focus group was held and a paired comparison form was prepared to determine the criterion weights and suitability values with the used the fuzzy DEMATEL and weighted linear combination method. The values analyzed using ArcGIS 10.2 and the suitability values are shown on the map. As a result, it has been determined that even the highest valued among the examined renewal projects could not meet even 50% of the defined urban design quality standard. The results have emphasized that the urban renewal projects without area-specific and appropriate design solutions reveal that they cannot develop qualified places. Within the scope of realizing more qualified urban places, design criteria should also be taken into account in the project design processes. In future studies, this model can be used in determining the area-specific and appropriate design solution for spatial decision-makers.</jats:p

[Symptoms seen in inpatient palliative care and impact of palliative care unit on symptom control].

The purpose of this study was to determine the symptoms observed during admission to palliative care in patients that would be provided palliative support, to measure their intensity, and to evaluate the effect of palliative care on patient symptoms by recording changes during the first week after admission to hospital