The pecularities of shear crack pre-rupture evolution and distribution of seismicity before strong earthquakes

Several methods are presently suggested for investigating pre-earthquake evolution of the regions of high tectonic activity based on analysis of the seismicity spatial distribution. Some precursor signatures are detected before strong earthquakes: decrease in fractal dimension of the continuum of earthquake epicenters, cluster formation, concentration of seismic events near one of the nodal planes of the future earthquake, and others. In the present paper, it is shown that such peculiarities are typical of the evolution of the shear crack network under external stresses in elastic bodies with inhomogeneous distribution of strength. The results of computer modeling of crack network evolution are presented. It is shown that variations of the fractal dimension of the earthquake epicenters’ continuum and other precursor signatures contain information about the evolution of the destruction process towards the main rupture

The Self-Organized Art Initiatives of Nizhny Tagil: the Kubiva Gallery-Studio, the Skot Gallery and the Yaytso Art Space

The article is an extract from the part of the research «The Self-Organized Art Initiatives of the Middle Urals from 2000 to the Present». The article consists of the short review of the self-organized art activities of Nizhny Tagil of 2010 s. It shows the independent initiatives: The Kubiva Gallery-Studio, The Skot Gallery and The Yaytso Art Space as crucial in the contemporary art life of the town.Доклад представляет собой выдержку из главы ВКР «Художественные самоорганизации Среднего Урала с 2000-х годов по настоящее время» и состоит из краткого обзора деятельности художественных самоорганизаций Нижнего Тагила 10-х годов XXI века. Галерея-мастерская «Кубива», галерея «СКОТ» и арт-пространство «Яйцо» представлены как ключевые инициативы для современной художественной жизни города

Some issues of the organization of elective training in the light of modernization of the Russian educational system

© the author(s). The relevance of the research is determined by the importance of modernization of Russian education in high school which provides specialized education and is designated as a means of differentiation and individualization of learning. The aim of the article is to study changes in the structure, content and organization of educational process. Elective courses (electives) play an important role in the system of Special Education. Unlike optional courses, currently existing at school, elective courses are obligatory. The main approaches used in this research are analysis and systematization. According to the concept of Special Education at the senior level of general education approved by the Russian Ministry of Education differentiation of learning content in high school is based on various combinations of three types of courses: basic, core, elective. Each of these types of courses contributes to the objectives of Special Education. However, you can select the range of tasks, prior for each type of course. The main results of the study allow taking more fully into account the interests, aptitudes and abilities of students, creating conditions for their training according to their professional interests and intentions with regard to continuing education. The materials of the study may be used by educational administrative staff while settling the schedule of a studying course

Sleep-wake sensitive mechanisms of adenosine release in the basal forebrain of rodents : an in vitro study

Adenosine acting in the basal forebrain is a key mediator of sleep homeostasis. Extracellular adenosine concentrations increase during wakefulness, especially during prolonged wakefulness and lead to increased sleep pressure and subsequent rebound sleep. The release of endogenous adenosine during the sleep-wake cycle has mainly been studied in vivo with microdialysis techniques. The biochemical changes that accompany sleep-wake status may be preserved in vitro. We have therefore used adenosine-sensitive biosensors in slices of the basal forebrain (BFB) to study both depolarization-evoked adenosine release and the steady state adenosine tone in rats, mice and hamsters. Adenosine release was evoked by high K+, AMPA, NMDA and mGlu receptor agonists, but not by other transmitters associated with wakefulness such as orexin, histamine or neurotensin. Evoked and basal adenosine release in the BFB in vitro exhibited three key features: the magnitude of each varied systematically with the diurnal time at which the animal was sacrificed; sleep deprivation prior to sacrifice greatly increased both evoked adenosine release and the basal tone; and the enhancement of evoked adenosine release and basal tone resulting from sleep deprivation was reversed by the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor, 1400 W. These data indicate that characteristics of adenosine release recorded in the BFB in vitro reflect those that have been linked in vivo to the homeostatic control of sleep. Our results provide methodologically independent support for a key role for induction of iNOS as a trigger for enhanced adenosine release following sleep deprivation and suggest that this induction may constitute a biochemical memory of this state

Dynamics of multifractal and correlation characteristics of the spatio-temporal distribution of regional seismicity before the strong earthquakes

International audienceInvestigations of the distribution of regional seismicity and the results of numerical simulations of the seismic process show the increase of inhomogenity in spatio-temporal distribution of the seismicity prior to large earthquakes and formation of inhomogeneous clusters in a wide range of scales. Since that, the multifractal approach is appropriate to investigate the details of such dynamics. Here we analyze the dynamics of the seismicity distribution before a number of strong earthquakes occurred in two seismically active regions of the world: Japan and Southern California. In order to study the evolution of spatial inhomogeneity of the seismicity distribution, we consider variations of two multifractal characteristics: information entropy of multifractal measure generation process and the higher-order generalized fractal dimension of the continuum of the earthquake epicenters. Also we studied the dynamics of the level of spatio-temporal correlations in the seismicity distribution. It is found that two aforementioned multifractal characteristics tend to decrease and the level of spatio-temporal correlations tends to increase before the majority of considered strong earthquakes. Such a tendency can be considered as an earthquake precursory signature. Therefore, the results obtained show the possibility to use multifractal and correlation characteristics of the spatio-temporal distribution of regional seismicity for seismic hazard risk evaluation

Idea of Transversum as Generation of Meaning Space in Transdisciplinary Experience

In article the author made an attempt to present the idea of a transversum through a conceptual row: universum, poliversum, transversuma, transinterval transversaliya through consideration of the transdisciplinary experience oriented by a recursive reflection.   In this aspect the typology of interval approach as means of statement and the solution of the problems connected with a situation of the self-adjusted measure of a transversum, universal concreteness of a concept of a measure in biomedicine and ethics is offered. The version of interpretation of history of formation of bioethics from the point of view of transinterval approach is offered

Some issues of the organization of elective training in the light of modernization of the Russian educational system

© the author(s). The relevance of the research is determined by the importance of modernization of Russian education in high school which provides specialized education and is designated as a means of differentiation and individualization of learning. The aim of the article is to study changes in the structure, content and organization of educational process. Elective courses (electives) play an important role in the system of Special Education. Unlike optional courses, currently existing at school, elective courses are obligatory. The main approaches used in this research are analysis and systematization. According to the concept of Special Education at the senior level of general education approved by the Russian Ministry of Education differentiation of learning content in high school is based on various combinations of three types of courses: basic, core, elective. Each of these types of courses contributes to the objectives of Special Education. However, you can select the range of tasks, prior for each type of course. The main results of the study allow taking more fully into account the interests, aptitudes and abilities of students, creating conditions for their training according to their professional interests and intentions with regard to continuing education. The materials of the study may be used by educational administrative staff while settling the schedule of a studying course

Some issues of the organization of elective training in the light of modernization of the Russian educational system

© the author(s). The relevance of the research is determined by the importance of modernization of Russian education in high school which provides specialized education and is designated as a means of differentiation and individualization of learning. The aim of the article is to study changes in the structure, content and organization of educational process. Elective courses (electives) play an important role in the system of Special Education. Unlike optional courses, currently existing at school, elective courses are obligatory. The main approaches used in this research are analysis and systematization. According to the concept of Special Education at the senior level of general education approved by the Russian Ministry of Education differentiation of learning content in high school is based on various combinations of three types of courses: basic, core, elective. Each of these types of courses contributes to the objectives of Special Education. However, you can select the range of tasks, prior for each type of course. The main results of the study allow taking more fully into account the interests, aptitudes and abilities of students, creating conditions for their training according to their professional interests and intentions with regard to continuing education. The materials of the study may be used by educational administrative staff while settling the schedule of a studying course