Perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane-based seed-layer for improved chemical vapour deposition of ultrathin hafnium dioxide films on graphene

We investigate the use of perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane-based self-assembled monolayer as seeding layer for chemical vapour deposition of HfO2 on large area CVD graphene. The deposition and evolution of the FDTS-based seed layer is investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Crystalline quality of graphene transferred from Cu is monitored during formation of the seed layer as well as the HfO2 growth using Raman spectroscopy. We demonstrate that FDTS-based seed layer significantly improves nucleation of HfO2 layers so that graphene can be coated in a conformal way with HfO2 layers as thin as 10 nm. Proof-of-concept experiments on 200 mm wafers presented here validate applicability of the proposed approach to wafer scale graphene device fabrication

The role of substrate temperature and magnetic filtering for DLC by cathodic arc evaporation

Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films were deposited using two different types of high current arc evaporation. The first process used a magnetic particle filter to remove droplets from the plasma. For the second process, the samples were put into a metallic cage which was placed directly above the plasma source. For both processes, we varied the substrate temperature from 21 to 350 °C in order to investigate the temperature effect. The samples were characterized using SEM, AFM, XPS, Raman Spectroscopy, Ellipsometry, Photometry, and Nano Indentation in order to compare both methods of deposition and provide a careful characterization of such DLC films. We found that the sp3 content and the hardness can be precisely adjusted by changing the substrate temperature. Furthermore, in the case of unfiltered deposition, the optical constants can be shifted in the direction of higher absorbance in order to produce black and hard carbon coatings. © 2019 by the authors

Residual Metallic Contamination of Transferred Chemical Vapor Deposited Graphene

Integration of graphene with Si microelectronics is very appealing by offering potentially a broad range of new functionalities. New materials to be integrated with Si platform must conform to stringent purity standards. Here, we investigate graphene layers grown on copper foils by chemical vapor deposition and transferred to silicon wafers by wet etch and electrochemical delamination methods with respect to residual sub-monolayer metallic contaminations. Regardless of the transfer method and associated cleaning scheme, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and total reflection x-ray fluorescence measurements indicate that the graphene sheets are contaminated with residual metals (copper, iron) with a concentration exceeding 10$^{13}$ atoms/cm$^{2}$. These metal impurities appear to be partly mobile upon thermal treatment as shown by depth profiling and reduction of the minority charge carrier diffusion length in the silicon substrate. As residual metallic impurities can significantly alter electronic and electrochemical properties of graphene and can severely impede the process of integration with silicon microelectronics these results reveal that further progress in synthesis, handling, and cleaning of graphene is required on the way to its advanced electronic and optoelectronic applications.Comment: 26 pages, including supporting informatio

p38-γ–dependent gene silencing restricts entry into the myogenic differentiation program

The regenerative capacity of muscle is regulated by p38-γ, which phosphorylates MyoD and leads to formation of a complex that represses myogenin transcription

ATM-Toolbox Nutzerhandbuch für die Scheduling-Bewertungsumgebung

In diesem Dokument wird die Scheduling-Bewertungsumgebung der Abteilung Lotsenassistenz be-schrieben. Hiermit ist die Implementierung und Bewertung verschiedener (heuristischer) Scheduling-Verfahren einfach möglich. Außerdem können die Algorithmen auf unterschiedliche Scheduling-Aufgaben mit unterschiedlichen Bewertungsfunktionen angewandt werden, z.B. Scheduling (Reihenfolgeplanung) von Anflügen, Scheduling von Abflügen, gemeinsames Scheduling von An- und Abflügen. Es ist aber auch die Reihenfolgeoptimierung für die Badbenutzung der Gäste möglich. Diese Aufgabe entspricht im ATC-Umfeld z.B. der Reihenfolgeplanung von Flugzeugen für Enteisungsvorgänge bei gegebener flugzeugabhängiger Enteisungsdauer und frühest möglichen Enteisungszeitpunkt für jedes Flugzeug

Promoting behavioural changes to improve oral hygiene in patients with periodontal diseases: A systematic review.

AIM This systematic review investigates the impact of specific interventions aiming at promoting behavioural changes to improve oral hygiene (OH) in patients with periodontal diseases. METHODS A literature search was performed on different databases up to March 2019. Randomized and non-randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of behavioural interventions on plaque and bleeding scores in patients with gingivitis or periodontitis were considered. Pooled data analysis was conducted by estimating standardized mean difference between groups. RESULTS Of 288 articles screened, 14 were included as follows: 4 studies evaluated the effect of motivational interviewing (MI) associated with OH instructions, 7 the impact of oral health educational programmes based on cognitive behavioural therapies, and 3 the use of self-inspections/videotapes. Studies were heterogeneous and reported contrasting results. Meta-analyses for psychological interventions showed no significant group difference for both plaque and bleeding scores. No effect was observed in studies applying self-inspection/videotapes. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of the current evidence, OH may be reinforced in patients with periodontal diseases by psychological interventions based on cognitive constructs and MI principles provided by oral health professionals. However, no conclusion can be drawn on their specific clinical efficacy as measured by reduction of plaque and bleeding scores over time

Impact of risk factor control interventions for smoking cessation and promotion of healthy lifestyles in patients with periodontitis: A systematic review.

AIM The aim of this systematic review was to identify the most recent widely accepted guidelines for risk factor control interventions and to assess their impact in patients with periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The electronic search strategy included a first systematic search to identify guidelines for interventions for smoking cessation, diabetes control, physical exercise (activity), change of diet, carbohydrate (dietary sugar) reduction and weight loss in the general population and a second systematic search to identify the studies evaluating these interventions in periodontitis patients. RESULTS A total of 13 guidelines and 25 studies were selected. Most guidelines included recommendations for all healthcare providers to provide interventions and follow-up counselling with the risk factors considered in the present review. In patients with periodontitis, interventions for smoking cessation and diabetes control were shown to improve periodontal health while the impact of dietary interventions and the promotion of other healthy lifestyles were moderate or limited. CONCLUSIONS While aiming to improve treatment outcomes and the maintenance of periodontal health, current evidence suggests that interventions for smoking cessation and diabetes control are effective, thus emphasizing the need of behavioural support in periodontal care