Combination of Real-Value Smell and Metaphor Expression Aids Yeast Detection

Background: Smell provides important information about the quality of food and drink. Most well-known for their expertise in wine tasting, sommeliers sniff out the aroma of wine and describe them using beautiful metaphors. In contrast, electronic noses, devices that mimic our olfactory recognition system, also detect smells using their sensors but describe them using electronic signals. These devices have been used to judge the freshness of food or detect the presence of pathogenic microorganisms. However, unlike information from gas chromatography, it is difficult to compare odour information collected by these devices because they are made for smelling specific smells and their data are relative intensities. Methodology: Here, we demonstrate the use of an absolute-value description method using known smell metaphors, and early detection of yeast using the method. Conclusions: This technique may help distinguishing microbial-contamination of food products earlier, or improvement o

Interaction of Dietary Phytase and Glutamic Acid on Bone Ash Response in Chicken Thigh

The optimum pH of phytase originated from Aspergillus niger is approximately 5.5. In the present study, we tried to modify the intraluminal pH by dietary acidic amino acid to maximize phytase activity. Single Comb White Leghorn male chicks at 7 days of age were fed the experimental diets for 10 days. The experiment was 2×2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments with two dietary amino acid sources (L-glutamine or L-glutamic acid at 50g/kg diet), two levels of dietary phytase (0 or 1,000U/kg diet) and two levels of dietary available P supplementation (0 or 6g/kg diet). The glutamic acid supplementation significantly reduced pH in the crop (5.4±0.2; n=7) compared with the glutamine supplementation (6.0±0.1; n=7). There was a significant interaction between dietary amino acid source and phytase level on bone ash response in the thigh. Dietary phytase significantly increased bone ash content in chicks fed diets containing glutamic acid but not in the glutamine group. These results suggest that the modification of pH in the crop could activate phytase in chickens

Detection of Aeromonas hydrophila in Liquid Media by Volatile Production Similarity Patterns, Using a FF-2A Electronic Nose

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