Redusert jordarbeiding til høstkorn

Redusert jordarbeiding til høstkorn er lite utbredt i Norge. Forsøk viser imidlertid at det er fullt mulig å få dette til. Håndtering av fersk halm stiller imidlertid krav til utstyret som skal benyttes. Ved direktesåing bør halmen fjernes først. Ugras er ofte også et noe større problem ved redusert jordarbeiding enn ved pløying, særlig grasugras.Redusert jordarbeiding til høstkornpublishedVersio

Effekter av ulik jordarbeiding i korn

Hvilken jordarbeiding som benyttes i den enkelte kornåker påvirker blant annet avlingsmengde, kvaliteten på kornet og miljøet. I denne publikasjonen er det samlet informasjon om effekter av ulik jordarbeiding, som hjelp til korndyrkere ved vurdering av jordarbeidingsmetoder, og for myndigheter ved beslutninger om jordarbeiding i regionale miljøprogram (RMP)

Effekter av ulik jordarbeiding i korn

Hvilken jordarbeiding som benyttes i den enkelte kornåker påvirker blant annet avlingsmengde, kvaliteten på kornet og miljøet. I denne publikasjonen er det samlet informasjon om effekter av ulik jordarbeiding, som hjelp til korndyrkere ved vurdering av jordarbeidingsmetoder, og for myndigheter ved beslutninger om jordarbeiding i regionale miljøprogram (RMP)

Microplastics; occurrence, levels and implications for environment and human health related to food. Scientific opinion of the Scientific Steering Committee of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment

publishedVersio

Microplastics; occurrence, levels and implications for environment and human health related to food. Opinion of the Steering Committee of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment

Report from the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) 2019:16. Microplastics; occurrence, levels and implications for environment and human health related to food. Opinion of the Steering Committee of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment. Source at https://www.vkm.no/. The steering committee of VKM has self-initiated a mandate for an opinion on microplastics based on recently published international and/or national reports complemented with literature from December 2016 to February 2019. The mandate requested a summary of the state of knowledge on the presence of microplastics in the environment and the implications for the ecosystem, terrestrial and aquatic organisms, food production and human health. An overview of main national and international ongoing initiatives was also requested, and highlighting of data gaps where specific Norwegian data was needed

Self-development groups reduce medical school stress: a controlled intervention study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>High stress levels and mental health problems are common among medical students and there is a lack of studies on group interventions that aim to reduce such distress during medical school.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A full class of students (n = 129) participated in group sessions during their third year of medical school in Bergen, Norway. The subsequent third-year class (n = 152) acted as control group, in order to create a quasi-experimental design. Two types of group intervention sessions were offered to the first class. One option was self-development groups led by trained group psychotherapists. Alternatively, students could choose discussion groups that focused on themes of special relevance to doctors, led by experienced general practitioners. The intervention comprised of 12 weekly group sessions each lasting 90 minutes. Data were gathered before the intervention (T1), and three months post intervention (T2). Distress was measured using the Perceived Medical School Stress (PMSS) and Symptom Check List-5 (SCL-5) assessments.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The intervention group showed a significant reduction in PMSS over the observation period. The subsequent year control group stayed on the same PMSS levels over the similar period. The intervention was a significant predictor of PMSS reduction in a multiple regression analysis adjusted for age and sex, β = -1.93 (-3.47 to -0.38), P = 0.02. When we analysed the effects of self-development and discussion groups with the control group as reference, self-development group was the only significant predictor of PMSS reduction, β = -2.18 (-4.03 to -0.33), P = 0.02. There was no interaction with gender in our analysis. This implicates no significant difference between men and women concerning the effect of the self-development group. There was no reduction in general mental distress (SCL-5) over this period.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>A three-month follow-up showed that the intervention had a positive effect on perceived medical school stress among the students, and further analyses showed this was due to participation in self-development groups.</p

Stimulerer Storyline til aktiv læring?

Pedagogisk utviklingsarbeid utarbeidd ved Høgskulen i Sogn og Fjordane, avdeling for lærarutdanning og idrett hausten 2010. PE 305 600 (5 studiepoeng)

Scaling-up essential neuropsychiatric services in Ethiopia: a cost-effectiveness analysis

Introduction: There is an immense need for scaling-up neuropsychiatric care in low-income countries. Contextualized cost-effectiveness analyses (CEAs) provide relevant information for local policies. The aim of this study is to perform a contextualized CEA of neuropsychiatric interventions in Ethiopia and to illustrate expected population health and budget impacts across neuropsychiatric disorders. Methods A mathematical population model (PopMod) was used to estimate intervention costs and effectiveness. Existing variables from a previous WHO-CHOICE regional CEA model were substantially revised. Treatments for depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and epilepsy were analysed. The best available local data on epidemiology, intervention efficacy, current and target coverage, resource prices and salaries were used. Data were obtained from expert opinion, local hospital information systems, the Ministry of Health and literature reviews. Results: Treatment of epilepsy with a first generation antiepileptic drug is the most cost-effective treatment (USD 321 per DALY adverted). Treatments for depression have mid-range values compared with other interventions (USD 457–1026 per DALY adverted). Treatments for schizophrenia and bipolar disorders are least cost-effective (USD 1168–3739 per DALY adverted). Conclusion: This analysis gives the Ethiopian government a comprehensive overview of the expected costs, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of introducing basic neuropsychiatric interventions