Does the systematic use of stimulus reduction shorten hospitalization in acute mania? A pilot study

Peer reviewe

Relationship between daylength and suicide in Finland

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Many previous studies have documented seasonal variation in suicides globally. We re-assessed the seasonal variation of suicides in Finland and tried to relate it to the seasonal variation in daylength and ambient temperature and in the discrepancy between local time and solar time.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The daily data of all suicides from 1969 to 2003 in Finland (N = 43,393) were available. The calendar year was divided into twelve periods according to the length of daylight and the routinely changing time difference between sun time and official time. The daily mean of suicide mortality was calculated for each of these periods and the 95% confidence intervals of the daily means were used to evaluate the statistical significance of the means. In addition, daily changes in sunshine hours and mean temperature were compared to the daily means of suicide mortality in two locations during these afore mentioned periods.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A significant peak of the daily mean value of suicide mortality occurred in Finland between May 15th and July 25th, a period that lies symmetrically around the solstice. Concerning the suicide mortality among men in the northern location (Oulu), the peak was postponed as compared with the southern location (Helsinki). The daily variation in temperature or in sunshine did not have significant association with suicide mortality in these two locations.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The period with the longest length of the day associated with the increased suicide mortality. Furthermore, since the peak of suicide mortality seems to manifest later during the year in the north, some other physical or biological signals, besides the variation in daylight, may be involved. In order to have novel means for suicide prevention, the assessment of susceptibility to the circadian misalignment might help.</p

Lapsena kantasolusiirron saaneiden ennenaikainen vanheneminen

VertaisarvioituLapsena kantasolusiirron yhteydessä annettu säde- tai solunsalpaajahoito vaurioittaa DNA:ta ja altistaa ennenaikaiselle vanhenemiselle. Vaarana ovat verisuonten ja sukurauhasten ennenaikainen vanheneminen sekä raihnaisuus aikuisiässä. Näiden potilaiden sydämen ja munasarjojen toimintaa, verenpainetta ja sydän- ja verisuonitautien riskitekijöitä tulee seurata. Lapsena kantasolusiirron saaneita tulee aktiivisesti ohjata terveellisiin elämäntapoihin ja kuntoiluun.Peer reviewe

Impulsiveness and burn patients

Objective: Impulsiveness is a tendency to act quickly based on a whim without reflection or consideration of consequences. We studied its correlations with burn variables and mental disorders among burn patients. Methods: Consecutive acute burn patients (N=107) admitted to the Helsinki Burn Center were assessed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV mental disorders (SCID) at baseline and at 6 months. All patients filled out the 30-item Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), the most commonly administered self-report measure and a standard point of reference in research on impulsiveness. Results: The mean total score of BIS-11 was 64.5 (range 41.0-87.8, SD +/- 6.9). There was not a significant correlation between impulsiveness and a range of characteristics of burn injury (all p-values >0.05). We found a significant correlation between some pre-burn mental disorders and impulsiveness, alcohol dependence and attentional impulsiveness (OR=1.22, p=0.022), any personality disorder and non-planning impulsiveness (OR=1.21, p=0.005), and antisocial personality disorder and motor impulsiveness (OR=1.35, p=0.043). Patients with high impulsiveness (total score >65) more often than those with low impulsiveness ( Conclusion: Impulsiveness had a significant correlation with mental disorders but not with burn-related variables. Therefore the role of impulsiveness in burn injuries should not be investigated independently without first accounting for the role of mental disorders. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd and ISBI. All rights reserved.Peer reviewe

YSO: Avoin ja monikielinen perusta yhteentoimivalle sisällönkuvailulle

Linkittyvässä ja globaalissa ympäristössä tarvitaan ratkaisuja, jotka tuovat yhteen eri paikoissa, eri aikoina ja eri kielillä kuvailtuja aineistoja yli kieli- ja kulttuurirajojen. Avoin tiede -liikkeessä on kiinnitetty paljon huomiota julkaisujen ja yhä enemmän myös tutkimusdatan avoimuuteen, mutta metatietojen avoimuuteen ja yhteentoimivuuteen kiinnitetään harvemmin huomiota. Kuitenkin metatieto voi olla avointa silloinkin, kun kuvailtava aineisto itsessään ei voi sitä olla esimerkiksi tutkimusaineiston sensitiivisyydestä tai julkaisun kustantajan rajoituksista johtuen. Tässä kirjoituksessa keskitymme monikielisyyden haasteisiin kuvailevan metatiedon välineiden laadinnassa. Ajankohtaiskatsaus pohjautuu osittain lyhennettynä ja päivitettynä aiemmin julkaistuun artikkeliin (Niininen, Nykyri & Suominen 2017), mutta tässä tekstissä kuvaamme lisäksi Kansalliskirjastossa tehtävän kehitystyön uusia ulottuvuuksia.Non peer reviewe

Validity and reliability of the Finnish version of the Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST) in bipolar disorder

The Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST) was developed for the clinical evaluation of functional impairment of patients suffering from bipolar disorder. The aim of this study was to validate the Finnish version of FAST.Peer reviewe

Alcohol use and smoking in burn patients at the Helsinki Burn Center

Objective: We investigated alcohol use and smoking at time of burn and their relationships with severity of burn and presence of mental disorders. Methods: Consecutive acute burn patients (N = 107) admitted to the Helsinki Burn Center were assessed with the structured clinical interview for mental disorders (SCID) at baseline and after 6 months. Information regarding being under the influence of alcohol and having smoking-related activity at burn as well as about hazardous drinking (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test) and heavy smoking before the burn was recorded. Results: Around half (52%) of the acute burn patients were under the influence of alcohol and 19% had been both drinking and smoking at the time of the burn. Patients under the influence at the time of burn had significantly higher prevalence of lifetime mental disorders compared to those patients who were not under the influence of alcohol (73.2% vs. 45.1%, p = 0.003), especially alcohol dependence (55.4% vs. 13.7%, p <0.001) and anxiety disorders (28.6% vs. 9.8%, p = 0.015). Patients who had both alcohol use and smoking at burn had even more often at least one mental disorder (95.0% vs. 51.7%, p <0.001), in specific alcohol dependence (90.0% vs. 23.0%, p <0.001), or psychotic disorder (25.0% vs. 6.9%, p = 0.016). The main characteristics of the burns themselves did not differ significantly between these groups. Conclusion: Half of the burn patients were under the influence of alcohol at the time of the burn in this study. In almost all patients where alcohol and smoking contributed to the burn a diagnosable alcohol use disorder was present. Interventions for those with alcohol use disorders and the associated risk behaviors are important for the prevention of burns. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd.Peer reviewe

Early Arterial Intimal Thickening and Plaque Is Related with Treatment Regime and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Young Adults Following Childhood Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

The long-term vascular effects following childhood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are not well characterized. We compared arterial wall morphology and function using very-high resolution ultrasound (25–55 MHz) in 62 patients following autologous (n = 19) or allogenic (n = 43) HSCT for childhood malignancies and hematological disease (median age 25.9 years, IQR 21.1–30.1; median follow-up time 17.5 years IQR 14.1–23.0) with an age matched healthy control group (n = 44). Intima-media thickness of carotid (CIMT 0.49 ± 0.11 vs. 0.42 ± 0.06 mm, p 0.06 mm) of femoral or radial arteries (n = 17) and subclinical carotid or femoral plaques (n = 18) were more common (p 30 kg/m2, hsCRP >2.5 mg/L, hypertension, HbA1c > 42 mmol/L, and cumulative anthracycline >150 mg/m2. Cumulative metabolic syndrome criteria and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors were more common among HSCT and related with CIMT (p < 0.001), but CIMT was similar among controls and HSCT without CVD risk factors. Long-term childhood HSCT survivors show early arterial aging related with radiation, metabolic, and CVD risk factors. Prevention of risk factors could potentially decelerate early arterial wall thickening

Long-term work disability due to type I and II bipolar disorder : findings of a six-year prospective study

Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s).Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. However, the prevalence and predictors of long-term work disability among patients with type I and II BD have scarcely been studied. We investigated the clinical predictors of long-term work disability among patients with BD. Methods: The Jorvi Bipolar Study (JoBS) is a naturalistic prospective cohort study (n = 191) of adult psychiatric in- and out-patients with DSM-IV type I and II BD in three Finnish cities. Within JoBS we examined the prevalence and predictors of disability pension being granted during a six-year follow-up of the 152 patients in the labor force at baseline and collected information on granted pensions from national registers. We determined the predictors of disability pension using logistic regression models. Results: Over the 6 years, 44% of the patients belonging to the labor force at baseline were granted a disability pension. Older age; type I BD; comorbidity with generalized anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder or avoidant personality disorder; and duration of time with depressive or mixed symptoms predicted disability pensions. Including disability pensions granted before baseline increased their total prevalence to 55.5%. The observed predictors were similar. Conclusion: This regionally representative long-term prospective study found that about half of patients with type I or II bipolar disorder suffer from persistent work disability that leads to disability pension. In addition to the severity of the clinical course and type I bipolar disorder, the longitudinal accumulation of time depressed, psychiatric comorbidity, and older age predicted pensioning.Peer reviewe

Gonadal Failure Is Common in Long-Term Survivors of Childhood High-Risk Neuroblastoma Treated With High-Dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Stem Cell Rescue

Background: Neuroblastoma is the most common extra-cranial solid tumor in children. Intensive therapy including autologous stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) has improved the poor prognosis of high-risk neuroblastoma (HR-NBL) but may impair gonadal function. Objectives: To investigate the gonadal function and fertility in long-term survivors of childhood HR-NBL. Design: A cohort including all Finnish (n = 20; 11 females) long-term (> 10 years) survivors of HR-NBL and an age-and sex-matched control group (n = 20) was examined at a median age of 22 (16-30) years. Oncologic treatments, pubertal timing, hormonal therapies and the number of off-spring were recorded, and pituitary and gonadal hormones were measured. Results: Altogether 16/20 of the long-term survivors of HR-NBL entered puberty spontaneously; puberty was hormonally induced in four survivors (three females). Among the 8/11 female survivors with spontaneous puberty, seven had spontaneous menarche, but 5/8 developed ovarian failure soon after puberty. Nine females currently needed estrogen substitution. AMH, a marker of ovarian reserve, was lower in the female survivors than controls (median 0.02 vs. 1.7 mu g/l, p <0.001). As a group, male survivors had smaller testicular size (8.5 vs. 39ml, p <0.001) and lower inhibin B ( Conclusion: Gonadal failure is common in long-term survivors of HR-NBL treated with HSCT. Fertility may be preserved in some survivors treated without total-body irradiation.Peer reviewe