Using VARBRUL for Studying Modal Auxiliary Verbs?

No abstract

Polarisation of high-energy emission in a pulsar striped wind

Recent observations of the polarisation of the optical pulses from the Crab pulsar motivated detailed comparative studies of the emission predicted by the polar cap, the outer gap and the two-pole caustics models. In this work, we study the polarisation properties of the synchrotron emission emanating from the striped wind model. We use an explicit asymptotic solution for the large-scale field structure related to the oblique split monopole and valid for the case of an ultra-relativistic plasma. This is combined with a crude model for the emissivity of the striped wind and of the magnetic field within the dissipating stripes themselves. We calculate the polarisation properties of the high-energy pulsed emission and compare our results with optical observations of the Crab pulsar. The resulting radiation is linearly polarised. In the off-pulse region, the electric vector lies in the direction of the projection on the sky of the rotation axis of the pulsar, in good agreement with the data. Other properties such as a reduced degree of polarisation and a characteristic sweep of the polarisation angle within the pulses are also reproduced.Comment: Proceedings of the 363. WE-Heraeus Seminar on: Neutron Stars and Pulsars (Posters and contributed talks) Physikzentrum Bad Honnef, Germany, May.14-19, 2006, eds. W.Becker, H.H.Huang, MPE Report 291, pp.108-11

THE DIALECT VOCCABULARY OF ULSTER

This article provides a lexicological analysis of the dialect vocabulary of the English of Ulster. Although primarily based on a comprehensive analysis of the entries in the “Concise Ulster Dictionary”, it provides quantitative findings as well as other illustrative examples from the entire dictionary. The article deals with the subject matter denoted or expressed by the dialect vocabulary, with the notion of “Ulsterisms”, with parts of speech distribution, with marked stylistic or colloquial usage, with donor and etymological sources, and with regionality within the province. It also deals with onomasiological variation an the issue of heteronymic sets of both lexical items and exponential forms of particular items. The article shows that although many words came in Ulster dialect through the English and Scots dialects of seventeenth-century settlers or under influence from Irish Gaelic, many words were derived from earlier words in Old English, Old Norse or Old French.Este artículo ofrece un análisis lexicológico del vocabulario dialectal del inglés de Ulster. Aunque el presente artículo se centra fundamentalmente en un análisis exhaustivo de las entradas que empiezan por en el “Concise Ulster Dictionary”, se incluyen no obstante ejemplos y resultados cuantitativos del diccionario en su totalidad. El artículo aborda el área temática denotada o convenida por el vocabulario de dicho dialecto, la noción de “Ulsterismos”, la distribución atendiendo a la categoría del discurso, el uso estilístico de carácter mor-cado o coloquial, las fuentes etimológicas o de procedencia lingüística, así como la cuestión de la regionalidad dentro de la provincia. Se estudian asimismo la variación anomasiológica y la cuestión de los conjuntos heteronímicos, tanto, de piezas léxicas, como de formas exponenciales de específicas piezas. El artículo demuestra que, aunque un gran mayoría de las palabras pasaron a formar parte del dialecto de Ulster a través de los dialectos de los colonizadores ingleses y escoceses del siglo diecisiete o debido a la influencia del irlandés gaélico, muchas de ellas provenían de palabras ya existentes en el inglés antiguo, en el nórdico antiguo o el francés antiguo

Efficacy of Translocation of Red-tailed Hawks from Airports

Raptor translocation from airport environments is a management strategy that has been recommended and used in attempts to reduce aircraft strikes. However, supportive data are lacking about optimal translocation distance and direction, return rate, post-translocation fate and overall efficacy of the technique. We conducted a study from 1 December 1999 to 28 February 2002, which included satellite telemetry, to address these issues of raptor translocation at a Midwest Airport. Two hundred and fourteen red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis) were translocated to 12 sites in Illinois, between 59 and 242 km from the airport. Thirty-four after-hatch-year (AHY) individuals were fitted with satellite (PTT, n = 22) or VHF (n = 12) transmitters. As of 31 October 2001, 34 (15.9%) of the 214 red-tailed hawks returned to the airport. We compared the return rate among age class, period of translocation (i.e., breeding, fall and spring migrations, and over wintering), direction of translocation, and translocation distance. Only 3.2% (3 of 93) of hatch- year (HY) individuals returned, whereas 25.6% (31 of 121) of AHY birds returned (P \u3c 0.001). HY red-tailed hawks were also easiest to capture and least likely to return. No differences among the other factors were identified. The mean number of days to return was 108.6, range 2-369. Satellite data indicated that 19 of the 22 (86.3%) PTT-fitted birds dispersed from the release site within 5 days, suggesting that translocation did not result in an over-saturation of individuals at the release sites. Use of airport habitats by PTT-fitted birds was significantly different (P = 0.009). However, this was probably due to a single individual being relocated on airports 43 of 125 times (34.4%). Excluding this individual eliminated statistical significance (P = 0.576). Although PTT-fitted birds used airport habitats greater than expected, average use was extremely low, \u3c2%