Experimental Esophagitis Model Preventing Tracheal Aspiration

WOS: 000360287300011PubMed: 26469108Background. Corrosive esophagitis injuries are a serious clinical problem with many agents used for diagnosis and treatment. Experimental esophagus burn models use a method described mainly in studies by Gehanno and Guedon, and modified by Liu and Richardson. Objectives. The aim of this study was to describe a new esophagitis model that prevents tracheal aspiration. Material and Methods. In this study we used 16 Wistar albino rats weighing between 220-240 g. The experimental animals were randomly divided into two groups: the model group (group M, n: 8) and control group (group C, n: 8). The necessary anesthesia was administered. Passing through a median laparotomy incision, the abdomen was entered and in group M and C the esophagus was freed and held by a suture at the gastroesophageal junction. After this procedure, about 1 cm proximal to the gastroesophageal junction, the esophagus was suspended by a suture. The esophagus segment between the two sutures was exposed to 0.1 mL 10% NaOH in group M and 0.1 mL saline in group C for 20 s. Ten days later all experimental animals were sacrificed and their esophagus removed. After dying with hematoxylin and eosine trichrome, the histopathological evaluation results for the rats in all groups were investigated with a light microscope. Results. Histopathological examination indicated submucosal collagen increase, damage to muscularis mucosa and tunica muscularis and collagen deposition. In the model group, the rats had high neutrophils and tissue damage accompanied by necrosis. In the control group, the rats had minimal or no tissue damage and fibrosis was not observed. Conclusions. Our procedure is relatively less invasive and easy to apply with corrosive esophagitis only in the required region, and at the same time treatment medications can be easily administered

Intérêt de l’addition d’huile de pépins de citrouille dans la ration des poules pondeuses dans la production d’œufs pauvres en cholestérol et riches en acides oléique et linolénique

The present study was conducted to evaluate whether dietary pumpkin seed oil would affect laying performance, egg quality, egg cholesterol content and the egg yolk fatty acid composition in Brown layer hens. For that, 72 Brown layers, 28- week-old, were divided into 4 equal groups (n = 18) of similar mean weight according to the added doses (0, 10, 20 or 40 g/kg) of pumpkin seed oil into the standard ration for 8 weeks. Laying performance was assessed by recording initial and final body weights, weight gains, food intake and food conversion ratio, egg weight, egg production daily, egg characteristics, as well as the plasma glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations and the egg cholesterol content and the fatty acid composition. The dietary pumpkin seed oil inclusion has not significantly affected the growth performances, the laying performance or the egg quality even if the overall number and weight of eggs and also the thickness and the weight of shell tended to slightly decrease. Whereas the plasma concentrations of triglycerides remained similar in the 4 groups, the cholesterolemia tended to decline according to the dose added to the ration and the glycaemia was significantly depressed in supplemented hens (P < 0.05). In parallel, the egg yolk cholesterol content was significantly lowered in birds receiving the pumpkin seed oil in a dose related manner and the yolk fatty acid composition was significantly altered, showing increase of behenic acid with the highest dose of pumpkin seed oil, and marked increase of unsaturated acids, particularly of oleic and linolenic acids whatever the dose. These results show that pumpkin seed oil can be added to the ration without significantly altering the growth and laying performance in order to produce eggs enriched in unsaturated acids and made thin in cholesterol

The analgesic efficacy of ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block on postoperative pain and morphine consumption in varicocelectomy

Objectives: To evaluate the analgesic effect of transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block administered before varicocele surgery. Methods: This study was completed at the Faculty of Medicine, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey, between January 2011 and April 2013. In a prospective, double blind, randomized, placebo controlled clinical study, 40 male patients scheduled for elective varicocele operations were randomized to group T (treatment group) or group C (controls). After receiving general anesthesia, group T received a TAP block using 20 mL 0.25% bupivacaine on the operation side, whereas group C received a control block using 20 mL 0.9% Sodium chloride. During the first 24 hours after surgery, the patient pain was evaluated using the visual analogue scale (VAS) at rest and while coughing. Postoperative patient controlled analgesia morphine consumption, VAS scores, and side effects were recorded. Results: Of 34 patients, Group T (n=18) had significantly lower VAS pain scores than Group C (n=16) both at rest and while coughing. The total morphine consumed was lower (7.7 ± 4.0) versus 21.6 ± 12.4 mg, p less than 0.001) in the 24 hours after surgery. Conclusion: As part of a multimodal analgesic regime after varicocelectomy surgery, morphine consumption and VAS pain scores were significantly lower among those receiving 20 mL 0.25% bupivacaine administered for a TAP block than among controls

Effect of delivery mode on postpartum neonatal body temperatures

Objective: It is known that general and local anesthesia practices disrupt the delicate balance of thermoregulation center which is already sensitive to very tiny differences of temperatures in a normal subject. We aimed to evaluate and compare the rectal temperatures of newborns born with normal vaginal delivery and cesarean section.Methods: We performed a prospective study of 106 term newborn - 40 born with normal vaginal delivery (group 1) and 66 born with cesarean section [51 spinal anesthesia (group 2), 15 general anesthesia (group 3)]. Only term babies were included in the study. Babies of eclamptic, pre-eclamptic and diabetic mothers and babies with chronic systemic diseases were excluded. Pregnants who underwent elective cesarean section were included in the study. Adolescent pregnants, pregnants with increased risks and pregnants with complicated operations were excluded. Mothers' temperatures were measured before and after the interventions. Rectal temperatures of the babies were measured immediately after birth.Results: Environmental temperature was maintained at 22-24 degrees C. Pre-operative mother temperatures were 36.310.30 degrees C in group 1, 36.36 +/- 0.26 degrees C in group 2 and 36.39 +/- 0.19 degrees C in group 3 (p=0.414). Post-operative mother temperatures were 36.39 +/- 0.27 degrees C in group 1, 36.29 +/- 0.31 degrees C in group 2 and 36.25 +/- 0.28 degrees C in group 3 (p=0.215). Rectal temperatures of the babies born with normal vaginal delivery were significantly higher than the others. It was lowest in the general anesthesia group (37.5 +/- 0.6 degrees C, 37.2 +/- 0.2 degrees C and 36.8 +/- 0.4 degrees C in group 1, 2 and 3, respectively). The temperature differences between groups were statistically significant p<0.001).Conclusions: In conclusion, it is worthy to note that temperatures of the newborns can differ according to the delivery mode. Physicians and health professionals that take care of the newborns should be aware of this difference