99 research outputs found
The Impact of Deferred Tax on Earnings Quality: Evidence from Algerian Companies
This paper aims to investigate the impact of deferred tax, as a technique adopted to support the economic orientation of financial statements over their legal form, on earnings quality as a required attribute to achieve the objective of financial reporting. The study used the model of Sloan (1996) through 280 firm-year observations that concern 40 Algerian companies from 2013 to 2019. Employing persistence and predictive ability as proxies for earnings quality, the results indicated that earnings of Algerian companies present a high level of persistence and a weak level of predictive ability. However, the deferred tax does impact neither the persistence of earnings nor their predictive ability. Therefore, accounting regulators in Algeria must simplify accounting for the deferred tax to encourage its application by companies and improve earnings quality
Modulating charge density and inelastic optical response in graphene by atmospheric pressure localized intercalation through wrinkles
The intercalation of an oxide barrier between graphene and its metallic
substrate for chem- ical vapor deposition is a contamination-free alternative
to the transfer of graphene to dielectric supports, usually needed for the
realization of electronic devices. Low-cost pro- cesses, especially at
atmospheric pressure, are desirable but whether they are achievable remains an
open question. Combining complementary microscopic analysis, providing
structural, electronic, vibrational, and chemical information, we demonstrate
the spontaneous reactive intercalation of 1.5 nm-thick oxide ribbons between
graphene and an iridium substrate, at atmospheric pressure and room
temperature. We discover that oxygen-containing molecules needed for forming
the ribbons are supplied through the graphene wrinkles, which act as tunnels
for the efficient diffusion of molecules entering their free end. The
intercalated oxide ribbons are found to modify the graphene-support
interaction, leading to the formation of quasi-free-standing high quality
graphene whose charge density is modulated in few 10-100 nm-wide ribbons by a
few 10^12 cm-2, where the inelastic optical response is changed, due to a
softening of vibrational modes - red-shifts of Raman G and 2D bands by 6 and 10
cm-1, respectively.Comment: Carbon (2013) available onlin
Intercalating cobalt between graphene and iridium (111): a spatially-dependent kinetics from the edges
Using low-energy electron microscopy, we image in real time the intercalation
of a cobalt monolayer between graphene and the (111) surface of iridium. Our
measurements reveal that the edges of a graphene flake represent an energy
barrier to intercalation. Based on a simple description of the growth kinetics,
we estimate this energy barrier and find small, but substantial, local
variations. These local variations suggest a possible influence of the graphene
orientation with respect to its substrate and of the graphene edge termination
on the energy value of the barrier height. Besides, our measurements show that
intercalated cobalt is energetically more favorable than cobalt on bare
iridium, indicating a surfactant role of graphene
Epitaxial graphene prepared by chemical vapor deposition on single crystal thin iridium films on sapphire
Uniform single layer graphene was grown on single-crystal Ir films a few
nanometers thick which were prepared by pulsed laser deposition on sapphire
wafers. These graphene layers have a single crystallographic orientation and a
very low density of defects, as shown by diffraction, scanning tunnelling
microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. Their structural quality is as high as that
of graphene produced on Ir bulk single crystals, i.e. much higher than on metal
thin films used so far.Comment: To appear in Appl. Phys. Let
Real-space imaging of several molecular layers of C in the rotational glass phase
C is a model system to study molecule–surface interactions and phase transitions due to its high symmetry and strong covalent π bonding within the molecule versus weak van-der-Waals coupling between neighboring molecules. In the solid, at room temperature, the molecule rotates and behaves as a sphere. However, the pentagonal and hexagonal atomic arrangement imposes deviations from the spherical symmetry that become important at low temperatures. The orientation of the C can be viewed to represent classic spins. For geometrical reasons the preferred orientation of neighboring C cannot be satisfied for all of the neighboring molecules, making C a model for disordered spin systems with frustration. We study several molecular layers of C islands on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite using scanning tunneling microscopy at liquid nitrogen temperatures. By imaging several layers we obtain a limited access to the three-dimensional rotational structure of the molecules in an island. We find one rotationally disordered layer between two partially rotationally ordered layers with hexagonal patterns. This exotic pattern shows an example of the local distribution of order and disorder in geometrically frustrated systems. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy data confirms the weak interactions of neighboring molecules
The impact of intangibles on the value relevance of accounting information: Evidence from French companies
Purpose: The paper aims to explore whether intangible items that recognised in financial statements are value-relevant to investors in the French context, and whether these items affect the value relevance of accounting information.
Design/methodology/approach: Empirical data were collected from a sample of French listed companies, over the nine-year period of 2005 to 2013. Starting of Ohlson’s (1995) model, the correlation analysis and the linear multiple regressions have been applied.
Findings: We find that intangibles and traditional accounting measures as a whole are value relevant. However, the amortization and impairment charges of intangibles and cash flows do not affect the market values of French companies, unlike other variables, which affect positively and substantially the market values. Also goodwill and book values are more associated with market values than intangible assets and earnings respectively. Finally, we find that intangibles have improved the value relevance of accounting information.
Practical implications: French legislators must give more interest for intangibles, in order to enrich the financial statements content and increasing the pertinence of accounting information. Auditors must give more attention for intangibles’ examination process, in order to certify the amounts related to intangibles in financial statements, and hence enrich their reliability, what provides adequacy guarantees for investors to use them in decision making.
Originality/value: The paper used recently available financial data, and proposed an improvement concerning the measure of incremental value relevance of intangibles items.Peer Reviewe
Real-space imaging of several molecular layers of C60 in the rotational glass phase
C60 is a model system to study molecule–surface interactions and phase transitions due to its high symmetry and strong covalent π bonding within the molecule versus weak van-der-Waals coupling between neighboring molecules. In the solid, at room temperature, the molecule rotates and behaves as a sphere. However, the pentagonal and hexagonal atomic arrangement imposes deviations from the spherical symmetry that become important at low temperatures. The orientation of the C60 can be viewed to represent classic spins. For geometrical reasons the preferred orientation of neighboring C60 cannot be satisfied for all of the neighboring molecules, making C60 a model for disordered spin systems with frustration. We study several molecular layers of C60 islands on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite using scanning tunneling microscopy at liquid nitrogen temperatures. By imaging several layers we obtain a limited access to the three-dimensional rotational structure of the molecules in an island. We find one rotationally disordered layer between two partially rotationally ordered layers with hexagonal patterns. This exotic pattern shows an example of the local distribution of order and disorder in geometrically frustrated systems. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy data confirms the weak interactions of neighboring molecules
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