Semantic network analysis of conflict in Korean society regarding the WHO classification of gaming disorder (disease code 6C51)

Background: In 2018, the World Health Organization (WHO), in its 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), classified ‘gaming disorder’ as a disease. As a result, countries are witnessing conflicts among stakeholders with regard to the introduction of the classification. The objective of this analysis is to identify trends of coverage made by major media outlets in Korea concerning the controversy over the introduction of ‘gaming disorder’ like a disease and, through such an analysis, examine how social perceptions have been formulated in Korea. Methods: Semantic network analysis was deployed to examine the semantic structure of messages delivered by the media. The analysis was conducted to identify what semantic structure and issues were pursued by the media with regard to the introduction of ‘gaming disorder’ as a disease in the context of social debates, by looking at the prominent of words in messages delivered by news media, and the interactive structure among these words. Results: In terms of their prevalence, the main keywords in major media reports were ‘addiction’, ‘WHO’, ‘classification’, ‘industry’, ‘code’, ‘domestic’, ‘objection’, ‘gaming industry’, ‘introduce’, ‘gaming disorder’, and ‘Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism/MCST’. The structural characteristics of the entire network of media reports were formed around keywords such as ‘addiction’, ‘WHO’, ‘classification’, ‘objection’, ‘industry’, ‘code’, ‘mental disorder’, and ‘backlash’. Words with high eigenvector centrality were ‘addiction’, ‘WHO’, ‘classification’, ‘industry’, ‘domestic’, ‘code’, ‘objection’, ‘introduce’, ‘controversy’, and ‘Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism/MCST’. Following CONCOR analysis, a total of four clusters were formed: Cluster 1 for objection, Cluster 2 for consent, Cluster 3 for expected problems, and Cluster 4 for factors for efforts towards conflict resolution. Conclusions: This research explored social perceptions in Korea regarding the issue of the WHO introducing gaming disorder as a disease, by identifying trends of the media coverage through a semantic network analysis of the media’s asymmetrical data. Through this, despite the inevitable introduction of the system to promote public health, it was shown that there is a sharp conflict between the medical and the game industry and related public organizations in Korea. [Ethiop. J. Health Dev. 2020;34(Special issue-3):67-77] Keywords: Gaming disorder, disease code 6C51, conflicts, media reports, semantic network analysi

Die Bildung des Körpers:eine Untersuchung zu der gesellschaftlichen und kulturellen Formung des Körpers von der Antike bis zur frühen Neuzeit

Bei der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde der Frage nachgegangen, inwieweit die gedanklichen Ansaetze von Norbert Elias in Bezug auf die Koerperbildung in der paedagogischen Diskussion aufzunehmen sind. Einerseits bieten sie eine Moeglichkeit, den traditionellen Dualismus von Gesellschaft und Individuum, Koerper und Geist zu ueberwinden und ein integratives Konzept menschlichen Handelns zu entwickeln. Andererseits fuehren sie menschliches Handeln und damit koerperliche Bewegungen nur auf die soziale Machtstruktur zurueck. Elias' Auffassung von der gesellschaftlichen Formung des Koerpers habe ich einen von dem geschichtlich-kulturellen Kontext bestimmten Gedanken von der Formung des Koerpers entgegengesetzt. Dadurch habe ich versucht, die menschliche Autonomie zu retten und den erzieherischen Sinn im Menschen wiederherzustellen

CIB1 protects against MPTP-induced neurotoxicity through inhibiting ASK1.

Calcium and integrin binding protein 1 (CIB1) is a calcium-binding protein that was initially identified as a binding partner of platelet integrin αIIb. Although CIB1 has been shown to interact with multiple proteins, its biological function in the brain remains unclear. Here, we show that CIB1 negatively regulates degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in a mouse model of Parkinson\u27s disease using 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Genetic deficiency of the CIB1 gene enhances MPTP-induced neurotoxicity in dopaminergic neurons in CIB1(-/-) mice. Furthermore, RNAi-mediated depletion of CIB1 in primary dopaminergic neurons potentiated 1-methyl-4-phenyl pyrinidium (MPP(+))-induced neuronal death. CIB1 physically associated with apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) and thereby inhibited the MPP(+)-induced stimulation of the ASK1-mediated signaling cascade. These findings suggest that CIB1 plays a protective role in MPTP/MPP(+)-induced neurotoxicity by blocking ASK1-mediated signaling

Comparison of implant stability after different implant surface treatments in dog bone

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of different implant surface treatments on implant stability in dog mandibles. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 30 implants (Dentium Co, Seoul, Korea) were placed in 5 dog mandibles. Bone quality was assessed at each site. Implant stability was evaluated using 2 different methods. An OsstellTM resonance frequency analyzer (RFA) was used to determine the stability at baseline (day 1), and 3, 6 and 10 weeks after surgery. Animals were euthanized 10 weeks after implant installation. Specimens were obtained and submitted to the laboratory processing. Sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histologic and histomorphometric analyses. All implantation sites in dog mandibles demonstrated bone types II and III. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: All implants showed good primary stability at baseline in terms of insertion torque. The results of this study suggest that surface treatment may have significant effects on biological stability 3 weeks after implant placement. Further studies are needed to confirm these initial observations in poor quality bone

Bridge Health Mornitoring using Wireless Sensor Networks

Summary Wireless sensor networks bring new challenges to Bridge monitoring. To monitor a bridge, behavior, including vibration and displacement, must be measured to analyze the health of the structure based on measured and collected data. The collected data can be used to compute modal properties of the bridge. A bridge is moved by external forces, including wind, seismic activity, and traffic. So it is very hard reliance of safety through a preexistence method which uses Data Logger. Dynamic behavior of a bridge is difficult to measure because of costs and installation methods. In this paper, a new method, using a U-Smart Sensor and Sensor Networking to measure the dynamic behavior of the bridge, is suggested. A new wireless MEMS accelerometer sensor (U-Smart Sensor) board is designed to meet the specific hardware and software requirements of structural engineering applications

Titanium Plate Fixation for a Dehisced Sternum Following Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Case Report

Sternal dehiscence is one of the most troublesome complications following cardiac surgery. Treatment failure and consequent lethal results are very common, even with all the efforts to resolve sternal dehiscence such as removal of infectious tissue, muscle flap interposition, and sternal rewiring. We report on a case of sternal osteomyelitis following coronary artery bypass grafting that was successfully treated with wide sternal resection, titanium plate fixation, and pectoralis muscle flap interposition

TRAIL sensitize MDR cells to MDR-related drugs by down-regulation of P-glycoprotein through inhibition of DNA-PKcs/Akt/GSK-3β pathway and activation of caspases

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The development of new modulator possessing high efficacy, low toxicity and high selectivity is a pivotal approach to overcome P-glycoprotein (P-gp) mediated multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer treatment. In this study, we suggest a new molecular mechanism that TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) down-regulates P-glycoprotein (P-gp) through inhibition of DNA-PKcs/Akt/GSK-3β pathway and activation of caspases and thereby sensitize MDR cells to MDR-related drugs.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>MDR variants, CEM/VLB_10-2, CEM/VLB_55-8and CEM/VLB₁₀₀cells, with gradually increased levels of P-gp derived from human lymphoblastic leukemia CEM cells, were gradually more susceptible to TRAIL-induced apoptosis and cytotoxicity than parental CEM cells. The P-gp level of MDR variants was positively correlated with the levels of DNA-PKcs, pAkt, pGSK-3β and c-Myc as well as DR5 and negatively correlated with the level of c-FLIPs. Hypersensitivity of CEM/VLB₁₀₀cells to TRAIL was accompanied by the activation of mitochondrial apoptotic pathway as well as the activation of initiator caspases. In addition, TRAIL-induced down-regulation of DNA-PKcs/Akt/GSK-3β pathway and c-FLIP and up-regulation of cell surface expression of death receptors were associated with the increased susceptibility to TRAIL of MDR cells. Moreover, TRAIL inhibited P-gp efflux function via caspase-3-dependent degradation of P-gp as well as DNA-PKcs and subsequently sensitized MDR cells to MDR-related drugs such as vinblastine and doxorubicin. We also found that suppression of DNA-PKcs by siRNA enhanced the susceptibility of MDR cells to vincristine as well as TRAIL via down-regulation of c-FLIP and P-gp expression and up-regulation of DR5.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This study showed for the first time that the MDR variant of CEM cells was hypersensitive to TRAIL due to up-regulation of DR5 and concomitant down-regulation of c-FLIP, and degradation of P-gp and DNA-PKcs by activation of caspase-3 might be important determinants of TRAIL-induced sensitization of MDR cells to MDR-related drugs. Therefore, combination of TRAIL and chemotherapeutic drugs may be a good strategy for treatment of cancer with multidrug resistance.</p

A comparative study of rubber band ligation versus BANANA-Clip in grade 1 to 3 internal hemorrhoids

Purpose Rubber band ligation (RBL) for grade 1 to 3 internal hemorrhoids is a well-established modality of choice. But RBL is also a kind of surgical treatment; it is not free from complications (e.g., delayed bleeding [DB], rectal stenosis). This study aimed to investigate the results of the comparative treatment of RBL and BANANA-Clip (BC; Endovision). Methods Study participants were 632 consecutive patients with grade 1 to 3 internal hemorrhoids attended to Department of Colorectal Surgery at Wellness Hospital between January 2010 and May 2019. We retrospectively reviewed the incidence rate of complications, including DB between RBL and BC. Results There were 304 male and 328 female patients, whose ages ranged from 15 to 84 years, with a mean age of 45.7 years. The common symptom and cause of treatment was prolapse (70.1%). The number of ligated sites was 1.49±0.57 in the RBL group and 1.99±0.77 in the BC group. RBL showed a significantly higher incidence of DB (3.5%) compared to BC (0%) (P=0.001). The 1-year success rate was 95.9% in the RBL group and 99.7% in the BC group (P=0.005). Conclusion In our study, BC was more reliable in treating grade 1 to 3 internal hemorrhoids with higher success rates and less postligation complications, especially DB, compared to RBL