Using Machine Learning to Predict Sag and Leveling Behavior of Interior Architectural Paints

In the world of interior architectural paints, rheology, or the deformation and flow of a fluid, is one of the largest economic and development hurdles for paint formulators. To achieve maximum functionality, coverage, and economy of product, the rheology of the coating must be properly optimized, balancing performance while minimizing undesirable flow defects such as paint sagging or visible brush and roller marks; these visual imperfections are associated with the sag and leveling properties of the paint. Many researchers have attempted to develop a better understanding of sag and leveling, either by drawing correlations or through mathematical derivation; however, neither approach adequately predicts sag and leveling behavior. This provides the opportunity for machine learning to create a powerful model that utilizes formulation and rheological data and industry-standard tests to predict sag and leveling before the formulator creates the paint, reducing the resources necessary to optimize paint compared to a heuristic approach. Since little attention has been paid to the full rheological effects of sag and leveling, this approach also provides a first step in gaining new insight into the mechanisms behind this behavior

A Few Scenes of 21st Century Landscape and Literature

Panel: Landscape and Literatur

Experimental and Numerical Studies on Thermally-Induced Slip Ratcheting on a Slope

Mild temperature fluctuation of a material sitting on a slope may only cause a small slip, but a large number of the repeated temperature changes can amplify the magnitude of the overall slip and eventually bring an issue of structural instability. The slip accumulation starts from the minor magnitude and reaches the extensive level called “slip ratcheting”. Experimental evidence for such thermally-induced slip ratcheting is first provided in this work. It is implemented with an acryl sheet placed on an inclined wood with a mild angle; it is found that the temperature fluctuation of the acryl sheet causes the sheet to slide down gradually without any additional loading. The numerical model is then attempted to emulate the major findings of the experiments. From the simulation work, the location of a neutral point is found when the acrylplate is heated, and another neutral point is observed when cooled down. The shift of the neutral point appears to be a major reason for the unrecovered slip after a temperature increase and decrease cycle. Finally, a parametric study using the numerical model is carried out to examine which parameters play a major role in the development of residual slips

Translation and Literature

Panel: Literary Translation/Literary Criticis

Getting Past the Gatekeepers: The Reception of Restorative Justice inthe Nova Scotian Criminal Justice System

This paper draws upon twelve years of multi-dimensional research and focuses on the reception of restorative justice in the criminal justice system in Nova Scotia. The paper traces the evolution of the restorative justice social movement, examining the launching and take-off phases, the impact on the police gatekeeping role, the receptivity and use of restorative justice by other criminal justice system professionals, its current level of institutionalization in the criminal justice system, and its future prospects

A glance at imaging bladder cancer.

Purpose: Early and accurate diagnosis of Bladder cancer (BCa) will contribute extensively to the management of the disease. The purpose of this review was to briefly describe the conventional imaging methods and other novel imaging modalities used for early detection of BCa and outline their pros and cons. Methods: Literature search was performed on Pubmed, PMC, and Google scholar for the period of January 2014 to February 2018 and using such words as bladder cancer, bladder tumor, bladder cancer detection, diagnosis and imaging . Results: A total of 81 published papers were retrieved and are included in the review. For patients with hematuria and suspected of BCa, cystoscopy and CT are most commonly recommended. Ultrasonography, MRI, PET/CT using 18F-FDG or 11C-choline and recently PET/MRI using 18F-FDG also play a prominent role in detection of BCa. Conclusion: For initial diagnosis of BCa, cystoscopy is generally performed. However, cystoscopy can not accurately detect carcinoma insitu (CIS) and can not distinguish benign masses from malignant lesions. CT is used in two modes, CT and computed tomographic urography (CTU), both for dignosis and staging of BCa. However, they cannot differentiate T1 and T2 BCa. MRI is performed to diagnose invasive BCa and can differentiate muscle invasive bladder carcinoma (MIBC) from non-muscle invasive bladder carcinoma (NMIBC). However, CT and MRI have low sensitivity for nodal staging. For nodal staging PET/CT is preferred. PET/MRI provides better differentiation of normal and pathologic structures as compared with PET/CT. Nonetheless none of the approaches can address all issues related for the management of BCa. Novel imaging methods that target specific biomarkers, image BCa early and accurately, and stage the disease are warranted

Multi-catalysis: Trifluoromethylation of Amides

https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/csrp/1020/thumbnail.jp

Predicting direct protein interactions from affinity purification mass spectrometry data

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Affinity purification followed by mass spectrometry identification (AP-MS) is an increasingly popular approach to observe protein-protein interactions (PPI) <it>in vivo</it>. One drawback of AP-MS, however, is that it is prone to detecting indirect interactions mixed with direct physical interactions. Therefore, the ability to distinguish direct interactions from indirect ones is of much interest.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We first propose a simple probabilistic model for the interactions captured by AP-MS experiments, under which the problem of separating direct interactions from indirect ones is formulated. Then, given idealized quantitative AP-MS data, we study the problem of identifying the most likely set of direct interactions that produced the observed data. We address this challenging graph theoretical problem by first characterizing signatures that can identify weakly connected nodes as well as dense regions of the network. The rest of the direct PPI network is then inferred using a genetic algorithm.</p> <p>Our algorithm shows good performance on both simulated and biological networks with very high sensitivity and specificity. Then the algorithm is used to predict direct interactions from a set of AP-MS PPI data from yeast, and its performance is measured against a high-quality interaction dataset.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>As the sensitivity of AP-MS pipeline improves, the fraction of indirect interactions detected will also increase, thereby making the ability to distinguish them even more desirable. Despite the simplicity of our model for indirect interactions, our method provides a good performance on the test networks.</p

High-Flow Vascular Malformations in Children.

Children can have a variety of intracranial vascular anomalies ranging from small and incidental with no clinical consequences to complex lesions that can cause substantial neurologic deficits, heart failure, or profoundly affect development. In contrast to high-flow lesions with direct arterial-to-venous shunts, low-flow lesions such as cavernous malformations are associated with a lower likelihood of substantial hemorrhage, and a more benign course. Management of vascular anomalies in children has to incorporate an understanding of how treatment strategies may affect the normal development of the central nervous system. In this review, we discuss the etiologies, epidemiology, natural history, and genetic risk factors of three high-flow vascular malformations seen in children: brain arteriovenous malformations, intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas, and vein of Galen malformations