907 research outputs found
Cobranding with Pinterest: Expediting Apparel Retail Brand Experience
Cobranding creates points of difference, generates sales from existing markets, and opens opportunities (Lebar, Buehler, Keller, & Sawicka, 2005). Pinterest is an effective cobranding platform for consumer interaction. Bullas (2015) reports 69% of apparel brands have a presence on Pinterest, and 88% of the 70 million Pinterest users purchase a product they pin. Thus, we examined: (a) the impacts of apparel brand reputation and Pinterest usefulness on consumer experiences with apparel brands at Pinterest; (b) the impacts of consumer experiences of apparel brands at Pinterest on loyalty toward apparel brand and Pinterest; and (c) the mediation of consumer experience at Pinterest between apparel brand reputation and apparel band\u27s attitudinal loyalty. Findings suggest cobranding with Pinterest combines the strength of partner brands by increasing value, attracting new customers, and validating the brand among consumers. An effective brand Pinterest page creates important backlinks that expand apparel brand awareness and direct other consumers to the brand website (Walberg, 2015)
Identifying Apparel Attributes: The Relationship between Risks, Perceived Copyright Infringement and Purchase Intention of Knockoff Fashion Apparel Products
The success of fast fashion retailers has some industry leaders calling for copyright protection for apparel and closely aligned fashion products (Cline, 2012). Establishing criteria to determine what constitutes apparel copyright infringement is extremely difficult, as few designs are completely original (Raustiala & Sprigman, 2006). Apparel attributes are pertinent to purchase intention of fashion apparel and could influence perceived copyright infringement of knockoff fashion apparel products. The primary purpose of this study was to identify prominent visual fashion apparel attributes that could determine perceived copyright infringement. A secondary purpose was to examine the relationships among fashion apparel attributes, perceived copyright infringement, perceived risk, and purchase intention of knockoff fashion apparel. Researchers have identified apparel attribute factors including: Quality (Wee, Tan, & Cheok, 1995), appearance (Abraham-Murali & Littrell, 1995; Zhang, Li, Gong, and Wu, 2002), aesthetics (Abraham-Murali & Littrell, 1995) and functionality (Zhang, et al., 2002)
Long-term trends in tropical cyclone tracks around Korea and Japan in late summer and early fall
This study investigates long-term trends in tropical cyclones (TCs) over the extratropical western North Pacific (WNP) over a period of 35 years (1982-2016). The area analyzed extended across 30-45 degrees N and 120-150 degrees E, including the regions of Korea and Japan that were seriously affected by TCs. The northward migration of TCs over the WNP to the mid-latitudes showed a sharp increase in early fall. In addition, the duration of TCs over the WNP that migrated northwards showed an increase, specifically in early to mid-September. Therefore, more recently, TC tracks have been observed to significantly extend into the mid-latitudes. The recent northward extension of TC tracks over the WNP in early fall was observed to be associated with changes in environmental conditions that were favorable for TC activities, including an increase in sea surface temperature (SST), decrease in vertical wind shear, expansion of subtropical highs, strong easterly steering winds, and an increase in relative vorticity. In contrast, northward migrations of TCs to Korea and Japan showed a decline in late August, because of the presence of unfavorable environmental conditions for TC activities. These changes in environmental conditions, such as SST and vertical wind shear, can be partially associated with the Pacific decadal oscillation
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The impacts of bias in cloud-radiation-dynamics interactions on central Pacific seasonal and El Niño simulations in contemporary GCMs
Most of the global climate models (GCMs) in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, phase 5 do not include precipitating ice (aka falling snow) in their radiation calculations. We examine the importance of the radiative effects of precipitating ice on simulated surface wind stress and sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in terms of seasonal variation and in the evolution of central Pacific El Niño (CP‐El Niño) events. Using controlled simulations with the CESM1 model, we show that the exclusion of precipitating ice radiative effects generates a persistent excessive upper‐level radiative cooling and an increasingly unstable atmosphere over convective regions such as the western Pacific and tropical convergence zones. The invigorated convection leads to persistent anomalous low‐level outflows which weaken the easterly trade winds, reducing upper‐ocean mixing and leading to a positive SST bias in the model mean state. In CP‐El Niño events, this means that outflow from the modeled convection in the central Pacific reduces winds to the east, allowing unrealistic eastward propagation of warm SST anomalies following the peak in CP‐El Niño activity. Including the radiative effects of precipitating ice reduces these model biases and improves the simulated life cycle of the CP‐El Niño. Improved simulations of present‐day tropical seasonal variations and CP‐El Niño events would increase the confidence in simulating their future behavior
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Understanding advances in the simulation of intraseasonal variability in the ECMWF model. Part I: the representation of the MJO
As a major mode of intraseasonal variability, which interacts with weather and
climate systems on a near-global scale, the Madden – Julian Oscillation (MJO) is a
crucial source of predictability for numerical weather prediction (NWP) models.
Despite its global significance and comprehensive investigation, improvements in
the representation of the MJO in an NWP context remain elusive. However, recent
modifications to the model physics in the ECMWF model led to advances in the
representation of atmospheric variability and the unprecedented propagation of the
MJO signal through the entire integration period.
In light of these recent advances, a set of hindcast experiments have been designed
to assess the sensitivity of MJO simulation to the formulation of convection. Through
the application of established MJO diagnostics, it is shown that the improvements
in the representation of the MJO can be directly attributed to the modified
convective parametrization. Furthermore, the improvements are attributed to the
move from a moisture-convergent- to a relative-humidity-dependent formulation
for organized deep entrainment. It is concluded that, in order to understand the
physical mechanisms through which a relative-humidity-dependent formulation
for entrainment led to an improved simulation of the MJO, a more process-based
approach should be taken. T he application of process-based diagnostics t o t he
hindcast experiments presented here will be the focus of Part II of this study
Moisture transport by Atlantic tropical cyclones onto the North American continent
Tropical Cyclones (TCs) are an important source of freshwater for the North American continent. Many studies have tried to estimate this contribution by identifying TC-induced precipitation events, but few have explicitly diagnosed the moisture fluxes across continental boundaries. We design a set of attribution schemes to isolate the column-integrated moisture fluxes that are directly associated with TCs and to quantify the flux onto the North American Continent due to TCs. Averaged over the 2004–2012 hurricane seasons and integrated over the western, southern and eastern coasts of North America, the seven schemes attribute 7 to 18 % (mean 14 %) of total net onshore flux to Atlantic TCs. A reduced contribution of 10 % (range 9 to 11 %) was found for the 1980–2003 period, though only two schemes could be applied to this earlier period. Over the whole 1980–2012 period, a further 8 % (range 6 to 9 % from two schemes) was attributed to East Pacific TCs, resulting in a total TC contribution of 19 % (range 17 to 22 %) to the ocean-to-land moisture transport onto the North American continent between May and November. Analysis of the attribution uncertainties suggests that incorporating details of individual TC size and shape adds limited value to a fixed radius approach and TC positional errors in the ERA-Interim reanalysis do not affect the results significantly, but biases in peak wind speeds and TC sizes may lead to underestimates of moisture transport. The interannual variability does not appear to be strongly related to the El Nino-Southern Oscillation phenomenon
Nb-substitution suppresses the superconducting critical temperature of pressurized MoB
A recent work has demonstrated that MoB, transforming to the same
structure as MgB (), superconducts at temperatures above 30 K near
100 GPa [C. Pei . Natl. Sci. Rev., nwad034 (2023)], and
Nb-substitution in MoB stabilizes the structure down to ambient
pressure [A. C. Hire . Phys. Rev. B 106, 174515 (2022)]. The current
work explores the high pressure superconducting behavior of Nb-substituted
MoB (NbMoB). High pressure x-ray diffraction
measurements show that the sample remains in the ambient pressure
structure to at least 160 GPa. Electrical resistivity measurements demonstrate
that from an ambient pressure of 8 K (confirmed by specific heat to be a
bulk effect), the critical temperature is suppressed to 4 K at 50 GPa, before
gradually rising to 5.5 K at 170 GPa. The critical temperature at high pressure
is thus significantly lower than that found in MoB under pressure (30 K),
revealing that Nb-substitution results in a strong suppression of the
superconducting critical temperature. Our calculations indeed find a reduced
electron-phonon coupling in NbMoB, but do not account
fully for the observed suppression, which may also arise from inhomogeneity and
enhanced spin fluctuations.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, 1 tabl
Search for Exotic Strange Quark Matter in High Energy Nuclear Reactions
We report on a search for metastable positively and negatively charged states
of strange quark matter in Au+Pb reactions at 11.6 A GeV/c in experiment E864.
We have sampled approximately six billion 10% most central Au+Pb interactions
and have observed no strangelet states (baryon number A < 100 droplets of
strange quark matter). We thus set upper limits on the production of these
exotic states at the level of 1-6 x 10^{-8} per central collision. These limits
are the best and most model independent for this colliding system. We discuss
the implications of our results on strangelet production mechanisms, and also
on the stability question of strange quark matter.Comment: 21 pages, 9 figures, to be published in Nuclear Physics A (Carl Dover
memorial edition
Seasonal hydrologic buffer on continents : patterns, drivers and ecological benefits
This work has been supported by the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas (CONICET) and the Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica of Argentina. GRACE land products are available at http://grace.jpl.nasa.gov, supported by the NASA MEaSUREs Program. ERAI/LAND precipitation and snowfall and ERA-Interim evaporation datasets are available from the Web Applications Server of the European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF), respectively at http://apps.ecmwf.int/datasets/data/interim-land/ and http://apps.ecmwf.int/datasets/data/interim-full-daily/, while potential evaporation of CRU TS3.23 can be retrieved from http://www.cru.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/hrg/cru_ts_3.23/. The SRTM data can be accessed through the Long Term Archive portal of USGS (https://lta.cr.usgs.gov/SRTM), the MODIS data was obtained using the REVERB data portal (http://reverb.echo.nasa.gov), and the ESA-CCI land cover data and the corresponding sub-setting/re-projecting/re-sampling tools are available on http://www.esa-landcover-cci.org. We thank two anonymous referees whose comments and suggestions significantly improved the analysis and the presentation of the material in this paper.Peer reviewedPostprintPostprintPublisher PD
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