Should Division I College Athletes Receive Compensation in Excess of their Scholarships?

This paper examines the amateurism debate that has surrounded collegiate athletics since their inception in the 1800’s. The NCAA brings in enormous revenue from Bowl Games and “March Madness” without paying the student-athletes who help generate them. Large disparities in budgets and profits among Division I conferences and different sports make it almost impossible for the NCAA to create a system that would fairly compensate all student-athletes based on productivity. I conclude that student-athletes should be able to accept endorsements deals that allow them to monetize their value without costing students or colleges additional money

Experimental investigation of the interaction of a plane, oblique, incident-reflecting shock wave with a turbulent boundary layer on a cooled surface. Volume 1 - Test description and data summary

Interaction of plane, oblique, incident reflecting shock wave with turbulent boundary layer on cooled surface - summar

Nature-Based Education: Expanding the Walls of the Classroom

Are the current practices of education one that best benefits a student? Every day, millions of children go to school. While there is a wide variety of what this experience may look like, there are common factors, such as sterile classroom environments, canned experiences, and dry lectures that often contribute to leaving students feeling burnt out, exhausted, and unmotivated. The purpose of this study was to explore how various schools use Nature-Based education to run their programs and the impact of this approach on students and teachers. For this study, four educators from three various programs were interviewed and asked about their personal experience in the field of education, how their current program began, what a day at their school looks like, their philosophy of education, and their perception of how nature-based education has impacted their students. These programs included an independent nature-based preschool, a nature-center school located in the midwestern United States, and a Forest School in Iceland. One of these interviews was conducted on site of the school grounds, while the other two interviews took place over Zoom. Throughout the interview process, various common themes occurred among all educators. An emphasis on trust and freedom- peer-to-peer, and student-to-teacher- emerged. The impacts of the social-emotional learning built into the school community of schools with nature-based education were also seen through the fulfillment of educators and the joy of the students. This fulfillment of educators was highlighted in the way all three educators proudly described their school, their philosophy, and their mission. These findings leave us with the question of how to incorporate these practices to benefit all students

Experimental investigation of the interaction of a plane, oblique, incident-reflecting shock wave with a turbulent boundary layer on a cooled surface. Volume 2 - Basic plotted data

Interaction of plane, oblique, incident reflecting shock wave with turbulent boundary layer on cooled surface - graph

Addressing Challenges Encountered by Leadership Teams in Five Mentoring Programs

This study is the third stage in a continuation of research by Kilburg and Hancock (2006) that investigated 149 mentoring teams in four school districts over a two year period. The current study is differentiated from the published study in that it identifies challenges encountered by mentoring program planning committees, coordinators, and administrators from five school districts over a six-year period. In the last two years of this present study, Critical Friends Group Coaches were added to one school district’s leadership team

Cristallisation du transporteur ABC BmrA de Bacillus subtilis : développement d’une nouvelle méthode de dosage des détergents par Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI)

Our project aims to determine the 3D structure of BmrA from Bacillus subtilis. The protein was purified in six different detergents. Using foscholine 12, led to crystallize OmpF, an outer membrane porin of E. coli. We show that the crystallization conditions directly influence the crystal packing of OmpF. The BmrA purification protocol optimized by using Triton X100 at the extraction and a mixture β-D-dodecyl-maltoside cholate for chromatographic steps allowed us to get to 4°C crystals, for which we verified they consist of BmrA. These crystals have yielded full data to 7 Å. These diffraction data are a significant advance in the short term to resolve the 3D structure of BmrA. We have developed a new detergents dosage assay which is based on the determination by MALDI-type mass ratio of deuterated isotopes / protonated. The method was validated with the FC12, the DDM, the β-OG, the LMNG, CHAPS, cholate detergents and calix [4] aréniques by measuring the concentration of these detergents in different conditions of extraction/ purification, concentration, dialysis and gel filtration, of different membrane proteins. This method allowed us (i) to estimate the size of the detergent belt associated to BmrA and other membrane proteins (ii) to modulate this size in terms of the detergent mixture and (iii) to provide information on the behavior of complex protein-detergentNotre projet vise à déterminer la structure 3D du transporteur BmrA de Bacillus subtilis. La protéine a été purifiée dans six détergents différents. L'utilisation de foscholine 12, a conduit à cristalliser OmpF, une porine de la membrane externe d'E. coli. Nous montrons que les conditions de cristallisation influencent directement l'empilement cristallin d'OmpF. Le protocole de purification de BmrA, optimisé en utilisant du triton X100 à l'extraction puis un mélange β-D-dodecyl maltoside-cholate pour les étapes chromatographiques nous a permis d'obtenir à 4°C des cristaux, pour lesquels nous avons vérifié qu'ils sont constitués de BmrA. Ces cristaux ont permis d'obtenir un jeu complet jusqu'à 7 Å. Ces données de diffraction constituent une avancée significative pour résoudre à court terme la structure 3D de BmrA. Nous avons développé une nouvelle méthode de dosage des détergents qui est basée sur la détermination par spectrométrie de masse de type MALDI du ratio d'isotopes deutérés/ protonés. La méthode a été validée avec la FC12, le DDM, le β-OG, le LMNG, le CHAPS, le cholate et des détergents calix[4]aréniques, en mesurant la concentration de ces détergents dans différentes conditions d'extraction/purification, de concentration, dialyse et gel filtration, de différentes protéines membranaires. Cette méthode nous a permis (i) d'estimer la taille de la ceinture de détergent associée à BmrA et d'autres protéines membranaires (ii) de moduler cette taille en fonction de mélange de détergents et (iii) d'apporter des informations sur le comportement des complexes protéine-détergen

Petrology, Structure, and Correlation of the Upper Precambrian Ely's Peak Basalts

A Thesis submitted to the faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Minnesota by James A. Kilburg in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science, May 1972. Plate 1 referenced in the thesis is also attached to this record.The Upper Precambrian Ely's Peak basalts crop out in a north-south trending, wedge-shaped belt in the area around Nopeming, southwest of Duluth, Minnesota. These Lower Keweenawan flows overlie the basal Upper Precambrian quartzite in the southwestern portion of the Lake Superior basin. There are at least 20 individual flows with a total thickness of about 1,200 feet. The thickest flow is about 125 feet thick while the thinnest is less than 10 feet thick. Many of the flows show considerable lateral continuity; for example, one flow is traceable for about three miles along strike. Chemically, there are two main types of flows as classified by MacDonald and Katsura (1964); these are alkali basalts and tholeiite basalts. The alkali basalts, which have a low silica content, are fine- to medium-grained and form flows which vary in thickness from about 15 to just over 100 feet. Plagioclase, small, anhedral olivine pseudomorphs, and actinolite after augite form a subophitic to poikilitic texture. The opaque minerals ilmenite and magnetite form phenocrysts up to 1.5 mm in diameter in some rocks but are usually found as interstitial microlites in the groundmass. Textures and structures within the flows suggest a low viscosity. Structures within these flows include level, ropy surfaces, bent and straight pipe vesicles, straight vesicle cylinders and vesicular tops. Crude columnar joints were observed in one flow. The tholeiitic basalts are usually fine- to medium-grained, but some thicker flows are coarse-grained. These flows are usually from 30 to 90 feet thick. They include porphyritic, subophitic, and poikilitic types. Augite occurs as phenocrysts in the porphyritic flows and as poikilitic oikocrysts and as intergranular grains in the others. Olivine pseudomorphs are occasionally present, and magnetite and ilmenite generally occur as evenly distributed microlites in the groundmass. Structures within the flows include pillows (only in the basal flow), stretched amygdules, and vesicular tops. The augite-porphyritic basalts which lie at the base of the sequence are distinctive and very rare in the North Shore Volcanic Group. The whole sequence of lavas has undergone hydrothermal metamorphism to the high zeolite-low greenschist facies. Minerals present which demonstrate this are actinolite, chlorite, and epidote. The only zeolite present is wairakite which has been discovered here apparently for the first time in the Lake Superior region. It is the highest-temperature zeolite. Intrusion of the Duluth Complex is thought to be responsible for elevating the geothermal gradient and thus, permitting the formation of wairakite. The gabbro intrusion also contact-metamorphosed the lavas to a medium-grained pyroxene hornfels for a distance of up to one-fifth of a mile from the contact. Pressures of metamorphism are thought to have been between 2,000 and 2,500 bars. This pressure was produced by the weight of up to 30,000 feet of overlying Upper Precambrian lavas and Duluth Complex which underlie the North Shore of Lake Superior. Temperatures are estimated to have been between 290° C and 370° C during the hydrothermal metamorphism. Based on their distinctive petrology and reversed magnetic polarity (Green and Books, 1972), the Ely's Peak basalts appear to correlate with the basal flows at Grand Portage, Minnesota. This implies that the time of deposition at these localities was approximately the same, and the source from which these lavas were derived and the physical conditions of magma generation were the same

Experimental investigation of the interaction of a plane, oblique, incident-reflecting shock wave with a turbulent boundary layer on a cooled surface. Volume 3 - Tabulated data

Interaction of plane, oblique, incident reflecting shock wave with turbulent boundary layer on cooled surface - table

Sondage auprès des étudiants en médecine de l’Université de Montréal sur l’intégration d’une formation en santé numérique et intelligence artificielle dans le cursus médical

Les nouvelles technologies numériques et l’intelligence artificielle (IA) sont vouées à prendre de plus en plus de place dans la pratique médicale. Néanmoins, l’intégration de l'IA dans le cursus médical est inexistante. La littérature est limitée quant à la réceptivité des étudiants en médecine envers une telle formation. Objectif: analyser les connaissances et la réceptivité des étudiants en médecine de l'Université de Montréal envers la formation en santé numérique