77 research outputs found
Niedhammer, Martina: Nur eine „Geld-Emancipation“? Loyalitäten und Lebenswelten des Prager jüdischen Groβbürgertums 1800–1867
Sodium/calcium exchanger in heart muscle: molecular biology, cellular function, and its special role in excitation-contraction coupling
Ankyrin-B Coordinates the Na/K ATPase, Na/Ca Exchanger, and InsP(3) Receptor in a Cardiac T-Tubule/SR Microdomain
We report identification of an ankyrin-B-based macromolecular complex of Na/K ATPase (alpha 1 and alpha 2 isoforms), Na/Ca exchanger 1, and InsP(3) receptor that is localized in cardiomyocyte T-tubules in discrete microdomains distinct from classic dihydropyridine receptor/ryanodine receptor “dyads.” E1425G mutation of ankyrin-B, which causes human cardiac arrhythmia, also blocks binding of ankyrin-B to all three components of the complex. The ankyrin-B complex is markedly reduced in adult ankyrin-B(+/−) cardiomyocytes, which may explain elevated [Ca(2+)](i) transients in these cells. Thus, loss of the ankyrin-B complex provides a molecular basis for cardiac arrhythmia in humans and mice. T-tubule-associated ankyrin-B, Na/Ca exchanger, and Na/K ATPase are not present in skeletal muscle, where ankyrin-B is expressed at 10-fold lower levels than in heart. Ankyrin-B also is not abundantly expressed in smooth muscle. We propose that the ankyrin-B-based complex is a specialized adaptation of cardiomyocytes with a role for cytosolic Ca(2+) modulation
Numerical Analysis of Ca2+ Signaling in Rat Ventricular Myocytes with Realistic Transverse-Axial Tubular Geometry and Inhibited Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
The t-tubules of mammalian ventricular myocytes are invaginations of the cell membrane that occur at each Z-line. These invaginations branch within the cell to form a complex network that allows rapid propagation of the electrical signal, and hence synchronous rise of intracellular calcium (Ca2+). To investigate how the t-tubule microanatomy and the distribution of membrane Ca2+ flux affect cardiac excitation-contraction coupling we developed a 3-D continuum model of Ca2+ signaling, buffering and diffusion in rat ventricular myocytes. The transverse-axial t-tubule geometry was derived from light microscopy structural data. To solve the nonlinear reaction-diffusion system we extended SMOL software tool (http://mccammon.ucsd.edu/smol/). The analysis suggests that the quantitative understanding of the Ca2+ signaling requires more accurate knowledge of the t-tubule ultra-structure and Ca2+ flux distribution along the sarcolemma. The results reveal the important role for mobile and stationary Ca2+ buffers, including the Ca2+ indicator dye. In agreement with experiment, in the presence of fluorescence dye and inhibited sarcoplasmic reticulum, the lack of detectible differences in the depolarization-evoked Ca2+ transients was found when the Ca2+ flux was heterogeneously distributed along the sarcolemma. In the absence of fluorescence dye, strongly non-uniform Ca2+ signals are predicted. Even at modest elevation of Ca2+, reached during Ca2+ influx, large and steep Ca2+ gradients are found in the narrow sub-sarcolemmal space. The model predicts that the branched t-tubule structure and changes in the normal Ca2+ flux density along the cell membrane support initiation and propagation of Ca2+ waves in rat myocytes
Neighbors, Strangers, Readers: The Village and the City in Jewish-Gentile Conflict at the Turn of the Nineteenth Century
Rabbis and Revolution: The Jews of Moravia in the Age of Emancipation. By Michael Laurence Miller. Stanford Studies in Jewish History and Culture. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2011. xvi, 464 pp. Appendixes. Notes. Bibliography. Index. Photographs. Maps. $48.00, hard bound.
Edmund Levin. A Child of Christian Blood: Murder and Conspiracy in Tsarist Russia: The Beilis Blood Libel. New York: Schocken, 2014. 377 pp. - Robert Weinberg. Blood Libel in Late Imperial Russia: The Ritual Murder Trial of Mendel Beilis. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2014. 188 pp.
Hugh Agnew. The Czechs and the Lands of the Bohemian Crown. Studies of Nationalities. Stanford: Hoover Institution Press, 2004. Pp. 179, illus., maps, tables.
Ian Reifowitz. Imagining an Austrian Nation: Joseph Samuel Bloch and the Search for a Multiethnic Austrian Identity, 1846–1919. Boulder: East European Monographs, 2003; distr. by Columbia University Press. Pp. 257, maps.
- …