3,292 research outputs found
Gastrointestinal symptom severity in irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease and the general population
BackgroundIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients report similar gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, yet comparisons of symptom severity between groups and with the general population (GP) are lacking.MethodsWe compared PatientâReported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMISÂź) GI symptom scales measuring gastroâesophageal reflux (GER), disrupted swallowing, diarrhea, bowel incontinence, nausea/vomiting, constipation, belly pain, and gas/bloating in: (i) USA GP sample, (ii) IBS patients, and (iii) IBD patients from tertiary care and community populations. Symptom severity scores were based on Tâscore metric with mean 50±10 (standard deviation) relative to the GP.Key ResultsOf 1643 patients enrolled, there were 253 IBS patients (68% F, mean age 45±15 years), 213 IBD patients (46% F, mean age 41±14 years), and 1177 GP subjects (57% F, mean age 46±16 years). IBS patients reported greater severity of GER, disrupted swallowing, nausea/vomiting, belly pain, gas/bloating, and constipation symptoms than their IBD counterparts (all P<.05). Compared to the GP, IBD patients had worse belly pain, gas/bloating, diarrhea, and bowel incontinence, but less severe GER and disrupted swallowing (all P<.05), and IBS patients had more severe nausea/vomiting, belly pain, gas/bloating, and constipation (all P<.05). Women had more severe belly pain and gas/bloating than men, whereas men had more severe bowel incontinence (all P<.05).Conclusion & InferencesIBS and IBD are associated with more severe GI symptoms compared to the GP excluding esophageal symptoms. Unlike IBD, IBS is not characterized by observable GI inflammation but patients report more severe upper and lower GI symptoms.The PROMIS GI scales were used to determine gastrointestinal symptoms severity in patients. Unlike IBD, IBS is not characterized by observable gastrointestinal inflammation, but patients report more severe upper and lower gastrointestinal symptoms.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136712/1/nmo13003.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136712/2/nmo13003_am.pd
Vacuum polarization for compactified in a magnetic flux background
We evaluate one-loop effects for compactified to , in a non-trivial vacuum for the gauge field, such that a
non-vanishing magnetic flux is encircled along the extra dimension. We obtain
the vacuum polarization tensor and evaluate the exact parity breaking term,
presenting the results from the point of view of the effective 3+1 dimensional
theory.Comment: 8 pages no figures Revte
Construct Validity of the PatientâReported Outcomes Measurement Information System Gastrointestinal Symptom Scales in Systemic Sclerosis
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/109333/1/acr22337.pd
A note on anti-coordination and social interactions
This note confirms a conjecture of [Bramoull\'{e}, Anti-coordination and
social interactions, Games and Economic Behavior, 58, 2007: 30-49]. The
problem, which we name the maximum independent cut problem, is a restricted
version of the MAX-CUT problem, requiring one side of the cut to be an
independent set. We show that the maximum independent cut problem does not
admit any polynomial time algorithm with approximation ratio better than
, where is the number of nodes, and arbitrarily
small, unless P=NP. For the rather special case where each node has a degree of
at most four, the problem is still MAXSNP-hard.Comment: 7 page
Archiving scientific data
We present an archiving technique for hierarchical data with key structure. Our approach is based on the notion of timestamps whereby an element appearing in multiple versions of the database is stored only once along with a compact description of versions in which it appears. The basic idea of timestamping was discovered by Driscoll et. al. in the context of persistent data structures where one wishes to track the sequences of changes made to a data structure. We extend this idea to develop an archiving tool for XML data that is capable of providing meaningful change descriptions and can also efficiently support a variety of basic functions concerning the evolution of data such as retrieval of any specific version from the archive and querying the temporal history of any element. This is in contrast to diff-based approaches where such operations may require undoing a large number of changes or significant reasoning with the deltas. Surprisingly, our archiving technique does not incur any significant space overhead when contrasted with other approaches. Our experimental results support this and also show that the compacted archive file interacts well with other compression techniques. Finally, another useful property of our approach is that the resulting archive is also in XML and hence can directly leverage existing XML tools
Positive Magneto-Resistance in Quasi-1D Conductors
We present here a simple qualitative model that interpolates between the high
and low temperature properties of quasi-1D conductors. At high temperatures we
argue that transport is governed by inelastic scattering whereas at low
temperatures the conductance decays exponentially with the electron dephasing
length. The crossover between these regimes occurs at the temperature at which
the elastic and inelastic scattering times become equal. This model is shown to
be in quantitative agreement with the organic conductor .
Within this model, we also show that on the insulating side, the positive
magnetoresistance of the form observed in and
other quasi-1D conductors can be explained by the role spin-flip scattering
plays in the electron dephasing rate.Comment: 4 pages, Latex, no figure
Wavelength dependent optical enhancement of superconducting interlayer coupling in La1.885Ba0.115CuO4
We analyze the pump wavelength dependence for the photo-induced enhancement
of interlayer coupling in La1.885Ba0.115CuO4, which is promoted by optical
melting of the stripe order. In the equilibrium superconducting state (T < Tc =
13 K), in which stripes and superconductivity coexist, time-domain THz
spectroscopy reveals a photo-induced blue-shift of the Josephson Plasma
Resonance after excitation with optical pulses polarized perpendicular to the
CuO2 planes. In the striped, non-superconducting state (Tc < T < T_SO = 40 K) a
transient plasma resonance similar to that seen below Tc appears from a
featureless equilibrium reflectivity. Most strikingly, both these effects
become stronger upon tuning of the pump wavelength from the mid-infrared to the
visible, underscoring an unconventional competition between stripe order and
superconductivity, which occurs on energy scales far above the ordering
temperature.Comment: 18 pages, 6 figure
Meson - nucleon vertex form factors at finite temperature
In this paper the dependence of meson-nucleon-nucleon vertex form factors is
studied as a function of termperature. The results are obtained starting from a
zero temperature Bonn potential. The temperature dependence of the vertex form
factors and radii is studied in the thermofield dynamics, a real-time operator
formalism of finite temperature field theory. It is anticipated that these
results will have an impact on the study of relativistic heavy-ion collisions
as the critical temperature for the phase transition from hadronic to
quark-gluon system is approached.Comment: 19 pages, Revtex, 11 figures (Ps), 171k
SU(3)_flavor analysis of two-body weak decays of charmed baryons
We study two-body weak decays of charmed baryons \Lambda_c and \Xi_c into an
octet or decuplet baryon and a pseudoscalar meson employing the SU(3) flavor
symmetry. Using certain measured Cabibbo-favored modes, we fix the reduced
amplitudes and predict the branching ratios of various decays of charmed
baryons in the Cabibbo-enhanced, -suppressed and -doubly suppressed modes.Comment: 25 pages, No figure, Phys. Rev. D (to appear
Finite temperature amplitudes and reaction rates in Thermofield dynamics
We propose a method for calculating the reaction rates and transition
amplitudes of generic process taking place in a many body system in
equilibrium. The relationship of the scattering and decay amplitudes as
calculated in Thermo Field Dynamics the conventional techniques is established.
It is shown that in many cases the calculations are relatively easy in TFD.Comment: 32 pages, RevTex, 2 PS figures, to appear in Phys. Rev.
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