Diaphragmatic Hernia after Laparoscopic Esophagomyotomy for Esophageal Achalasia in Pregnancy

Background. The optimal treatment for management of esophageal achalasia in pregnancy is controversial. Little information exists about pregnancy outcome after successful myotomy. Case. Achalasia in pregnancy was diagnosed when a patient presented with pneumomediastinum from microrupture of the overdistended esophagus. An attempt at surgical correction failed due to the development of aspiration pneumonia with general anesthesia. Conservative medical therapy was undertaken, but fetal growth restriction developed. The patient underwent interval surgical correction, but subsequent pregnancy 6 months later was complicated by acute diaphragmatic hernia necessitating preterm delivery. Conclusion. Prior to surgery in pregnancy, emptying the dilated esophagus via nasoesophageal tube suctioning maybe warranted to avoid aspiration. Women, despite having undergone successful myotomy, should be counseled on the risks of pregnancy and to avoid pregnancy for at least 1 year thereafter

Ecofriendly Synthesis of DHPMs using Copper-based Nano catalysts and Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity

A new catalytic approach has been developed under microwave irradiation for the multicomponent reaction (MCR) of aromatic aldehydes, urea/thiourea and ethylacetoacetate to give corresponding dihydropyrimidinones (DHPMs) by using CuFe2O4/CuO-CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) as heterogeneous and recyclable catalysts. 3, 4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H) ones/thiones are synthesized in higher yields (80-95 %) and short reaction time (8−10 minutes) at 245 Watts. It is applicable for both types of aromatic aldehydes containing EWS as well as EDS. Further, the synthesized compounds were evaluated for antibacterial activity against E. coli, B. subtilis, B. megaterium, and P. vulgaris. Among the compounds tested, ethyl-6-methyl-2-oxo-4-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-5-carboxylate, 4c showed response against B. subtilis, B. megaterium, and P. vulgaris and ethyl-6-methyl-2-oxo-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-5-carboxylate, 4h showed –ve response against E. coli, B. subtilis, B. megaterium, and P. vulgaris

An Empirical Comparison of Consumer Innovation Adoption Models: Implications for Subsistence Marketplaces

So called “pro-poor” innovations may improve consumer wellbeing in subsistence marketplaces. However, there is little research that integrates the area with the vast literature on innovation adoption. Using a questionnaire where respondents were asked to provide their evaluations about a mobile banking innovation, this research fills this gap by providing empirical evidence of the applicability of existing innovation adoption models in subsistence marketplaces. The study was conducted in Bangladesh among a geographically dispersed sample. The data collected allowed an empirical comparison of models in a subsistence context. The research reveals the most useful models in this context to be the Value Based Adoption Model and the Consumer Acceptance of Technology model. In light of these findings and further examination of the model comparison results the research also shows that consumers in subsistence marketplaces are not just motivated by functionality and economic needs. If organizations cannot enhance the hedonic attributes of a pro-poor innovation, and reduce the internal/external constraints related to adoption of that pro-poor innovation, then adoption intention by consumers will be lower

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Not AvailableSaline black soils (Vertisols), due to their inherent physical and chemical constraints such as high clay content, poor infiltration, low hydraulic conductivity and narrow workable moisture range pose serious problems for arable crop production even at low salinity levels. Such soils are prevalent in the coastal areas of Gujarat State, a western province in India. Cultivating salt tolerant forage grasses through saline agriculture has been suggested a possible approach to meet the fodder demands for the dairy cattle, a prominent agro-based industry in the State. Two grasses, Eragrostis tenella and Aeluropus lagopoides were cultivated on saline Vertisols with sub-surface salinity using saline groundwater under different nitrogen regimes. Results indicated that applied nitrogen, while favouring forage biomass, reduced salt content in the tissues and also enhanced forage quality. Nitrogen applied at the rate of 60 kh/ha has been found ideal for groqing grasses on such soils. These grasses have the potential to remove salt from the soils. Salt compartmentation at tissue level indicated roots and older leaves as potential sinks for toxic ions like sodium. Aeluropus lagopoides has been found to be a better salt remover that Eragrostis tenella and this grass also had better forage quality traits suggesting the possibility of using this grass in saline agriculture program in the region.Not Availabl

Perioperative anaesthetic challenges in coronavirus disease associated mucormycosis: A retrospective study

Background & Aim: Mucormycosis is a life-threatening fungal infection that occurs in immune-compromised patients. There were large number of mucormycosis cases reported during COVID pandemic (2019-21) mainly as post COVID sequelae. In the present retrospective study we aimed to evaluate the perioperative challenges faced in the anaesthetic management of Coronavirus disease associated Mucormycosis (CAM) patients who underwent surgery under general anesthesia. Methods: The perioperative records of CAM patients who underwent surgery from May 2021-July 2021 for mucormycosis were reviewed and evaluated in terms of difficult bag mask ventilation, difficult intubation and other intraoperative and post-operative complications. Observation and Results: The incidence of CAM and its associated surgery was significantly more in males than females and the mean age of the patients was 50 years. In 39.8% patients we encountered difficult bag mask ventilation. and in 17.5% patients more than two attempts for intubation were required. Conclusion: Mucormycosis patients posted for surgery may pose various anesthetic challenges especially in airway management and anesthesiologists must be well prepared for i

Kinetics and mechanism of electron transfer reaction: Oxidation of sulfanilic acid by hexachloroiridate(IV) in acid medium

1074-1079The kinetics of oxidation of sulfanilic acid by [IrCl6]2- in acid medium has been studied. The reaction is overall second order being first order with respect to each reactant. However, rate is retarded by hydrogen ion concentration. Various proposals have been suggested on the basis of reactivity of Ir(IV) species. The activation parameters such as energy and entropy of activation calculated by Eyring equation are found to be 59.99±0.93 kJ mol-1 and -106.44±2.2 J K-1 mol-1 respectively. The oxidation product, 2-keto-azoxy- benzene-4,4′-disulfonic acid has been confirmed spectrally

Economic Value Added Research: Mapping Thematic Structure and Research Trends

The purpose of this article is to examine the academic literature about the function, structure, calculation, and weaknesses of economic value added (EVA). EVA has been used as a measure of economic profit and captures the inadequacies of using traditional rates of return. In addition, this article tackles the main residual earnings (RI) modifications used to calculate EVA. A keyword search for publications was conducted in early 2022. This study couples an inferential analysis with descriptive analyses of the existing research. The articles were sorted into different clusters based on bibliographic coupling analysis. This study identifies the main areas and current dynamics of EVA research while evaluating the quality and impact of the scientific output. Three broad themes emerged from the analysis of the cluster related to the use and application of EVA: residual income and valuation, financial performance, and performance management. In doing so, we hope to enhance the understanding and contributions of EVA research to advance its theory and practice

Carotid, aorta and renal arteries intima-media thickness in patients with sporadic idiopathic hypoparathyroidism

Background: Alteration in homeostasis of calcium, phosphate and parathyroid hormone (PTH) predispose to vascular calcification that increases the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The data on this aspect are scarce in patients with sporadic idiopathic hypoparathyroidism (SIH). Objective: The aim was to assess the effect of altered calcium, phosphate and PTH homeostasis in patients with SIH on intima media thickness (IMT), a surrogate marker of increased vascular risk. Methods: In this case-control study, we measured carotid IMT (CIMT), aortic IMT (AIMT) and renal arteries IMT (RIMT) in 30 consecutive patients with SIH, and compared with healthy subjects. IMT was measured by ultrasound by a single operator blinded to subject′s details. Results: CIMT, AIMT, RIMT values in patients with SIH were significantly more than healthy subjects (0.60 ± 0.08 mm vs. 0.52 ± 0.09 mm, P = 0.001; 0.73 ± 0.09 mm vs. 0.65 ± 0.10, P = 0.004; and 0.34 ± 0.04 mm vs. 0.30 ± 0.05, P = 0.003, respectively). Clinical or biochemical parameters did not correlate with CIMT, AIMT and RIMT in patients with SIH. Conclusion: The vascular risk is increased in patients with SIH as assessed by CIMT, AIMT, and RIMT

Scaling of the isothermal entropy change and magnetoresistance in Ni-Mn-In based off-stoichiometric Heusler alloys

We show that for identical changes in magnetic field, the temperature dependence of the change in isothermal entropy across the martensite-austenite phase transition in different Ni-Mn-In based off-stoichiometric Heusler alloys scales to a single curve. The temperature dependence of magnetoresistance across the same martensite-austenite phase transition in these alloys also scales to follow a similar curve. The temperatures corresponding to the peak value of the isothermal entropy change and the peak magnetoresistance for a particular applied magnetic field are correlated with distinct features observed in the magnetization vs. temperature and resistivity vs. temperature curves respectively of these alloys (in the same magnetic field). These findings can be utilized in estimating the useful temperature regime for the isothermal entropy change and magnetoresistance of Ni-Mn-In based alloys with newer compositions, and to predict the magnitude of these functionalities, without performing actual experiments