Immunization Status Of Lame Children In Aligarh District

Research Problem:Immunization profile of under five lame children in district Aligarh. Objectives: i) To assess the prevalence of lameness among polio vaccinated and unvaccinated children. ii) To assess lameness in relation to their overall immuniza­tion status and source of immunization. Study Design : Cross - sectional epidemiological study. Participants: Under five children. Sample Size:     10,020  under five children drawn from 30 clusters of Aligarh district. Study Variable: Immunization status of participant chil­dren. Outcome Variable: Lameness among immunized and unimmunized children. Statistical Analysis: Tests of proportion. Result: Among the vaccinated (had at least one dose of OPV) children , prevalence of lameness was 2.0/1,000, while among unvaccinated children, prevalence was 8.8/1,000. This differ­ence was statistically significant (X3= 30, d.f. = 1 P < 0.001). Conclusion and Recommendations: i)Immunization of target children with OPV is an effective preventive measure to lower down the prevalence of lameness in children, ii) Apart from continuing routine immunization, there is need of gear­ing up catch - up and mop - up rounds of polio immunization. iii) The strategy of pulse polio immunization is needed to be executed year after year until poliomyelitis is eradicated. iv) Community based surveillance and sentinel surveillance of poliomyelitis should be expanded to all remote and far flung areas

Navigating the Realm of Faculty Evaluation

In this presentation the presenters will discuss annual evaluation process followed at a young, liberal arts institution. Chairs from three different STEM disciplines will provide an overview of the annual evaluation process and share strategies to ensure successful and consistent evaluation in departments of various sizes

Anti-diarrheal, anti-secretory, anti-spasmodic and antiulcer activities of Acacia modesta (Mimosaceae) aerial parts

Purpose: To explore the pharmacological basis for folkloric use of Acacia modesta for treating diarrhea and gastrointestinal spasm.Methods: Acacia modesta crude extract (Am.Cr) for antidiarrheal activity (100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg) was investigated in terms of reduction in diarrhea droppings in castor-oil induced diarrhea, while antisecretory activity (300 and 1000 mg/kg) was studied in castor-oil induced model in mice. Isolated rabbit jejunum tissues were employed for in vitro experiments. For antiulcer assay, ethanol-induced gastrointestinal ulcer rat model was used.Results: Am.Cr tested positive for alkaloid, tannins and flavonoids. It exhibited protective effect against castor oil-induced diarrhea and intestinal fluid accumulation in mice at 100 - 1000 mg/kg, similar to the standard drugs, loperamide and atropine respectively. In isolated tissue (rabbit jejunum), Am.Cr concentration-dependently (0.01 - 3.0 mg/mL) produced relaxation of K+ (80 mM)-induced and spontaneous contractions at concentrations to papaverine. Am.Cr significantly inhibited (p < 0.001) ethanol-induced gastric ulceration in rats. In acute toxicity testing Am.Cr did not produce any mortality up to 5 g/kg dose.Conclusion: These results show that Acacia modesta possesses anti-diarrheal, anti-secretory, antispasmodic and anti-ulcer activities, probably mediated through dual mechanisms, including Ca2+ influx and PDE enzyme(s) inhibition. The presence of phytochemicals, such as flavonoids and tannins, suggest the validity of the acclaimed ethnomedicinal effects in hyperactive gut disorders.Keywords: Acacia modesta, Antidiarrheal, Antisecretory, Antispasmodic, Antiulce

International Conference on Cancer Health Disparities

Background: Biochanin A, an isoflavone that is mainly present in red clover, has potent chemopreventive properties against many cancers. Ovarian carcinoma is fifth most common and deadliest gynaecological malignancy that causes the highest mortality in females worldwide. Hence a substantial need for new therapies for combating this gynaecological malignancy arises. Methods: The present study aimed to investigate anti-cancerous potentials of biochanin A on cultured human ovarian carcinoma PA-1 cells through the cell viability assay, cellular apoptosis, disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), involvement of ROS, cell cycle kinetics, and expression of apoptosis-related genes namely, p53, Bax, Bcl-2, Noxa and Puma. Results: The results of the experiments showed that Biochanin A significantly induces morphological alterations in PA-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner and thus inhibits cell to proliferate. Significant induction of apoptosis in PA-1 cells is evident by nuclear fragmentation, accumulation of ROS, loss of MMP, Annexin V positive cells and arrest of the cell cycle at G2/M phase. The up-regulated expression of apoptosis-related genes viz. p53, Bax, Noxa, Puma and down-regulation of Bcl-2 further signifies that biochanin A induces apoptosis in PA-1 cells Conclusion: Biochanin A exhibited potent anti-cancerous properties against human ovarian carcinoma PA-1 cells by checking the proliferation and by inducing programmed cell death via accumulating ROS, changing membrane potential and by following p53 mediated apoptotic pathway

A huge mesenteric teratoma in reproductive age woman: a case report

The incidence of dermoid ovarian cyst is 15-20% of all ovarian neoplasm, which is a common entity. Mesenteric cyst are one of the very rare entities with incidence of 1 in 2, 50, 000. Dermoid cysts rarely present as mesenteric cysts. Mesenteric dermoid cyst have good prognosis. Here, we report a rare abdominal tumor which was initially diagnosed clinically as an ovarian dermoid cyst but operative and histology revealed it to be mesenteric dermoid cyst. A 36 year-old, multiparous presented with abdominal mass, gradually increasing in size since 1 year with recent onset of abdominal pain. Physical examination revealed abdominal mass of 22×20 cm size, globular, non-tender, mobile, and cystic to solid in consistency. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) showed 23×21×14.4 cm heterogeneous enhancing mass lesion with areas of fat density and calcifications within, suggestive of neoplastic mass lesion, likely teratoma. Tumor markers were within normal limit. Patient was managed surgically. Laparotomy findings revealed a huge solid mesenteric mass (22×20 cm) weighing 6.5 kgs. Histopathology showed mature cartilage, osteoid formation, fibro-adipose connective tissue, focal lymphoid aggregates, congested blood vessels and focal mature neuronal component and no immature elements seen, confirming dermoid cyst. Mesenteric cyst are rare intra-abdominal tumor found most commonly in ileum (60%) next is ascending colon (40%). However, if a mesenteric cyst locates within the pelvic cavity, as in this case, it may be misdiagnosed as an ovarian cyst

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Some New Rhodanine Analogues as Aldose Reductase Inhibitors (ARIs)

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia resulting long-term secondary complication. Aldose reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme of the polyol pathway, plays a key role in the treatment of diabetic complications. Appropriately, inhibition of this enzyme is emerging as a major therapeutic strategy for the pathogenesis of secondary complication. In this study, we describe a series of 5 aryl benzylidene -thiazolidine, 4-dione derivatives, F3 synthesized as aldose reductase inhibitors. Besides inhibiting efficiently the target enzyme, F4 and F5 showed additional AR inhibitory as well as hypoglycaemic activity (146.15 and 175.20 mg/dl ) thus emerging as novel dual acting compounds. The bezylidene derivative F3, the most promising of the whole series, showed a well-balanced, consisting of ALR2 inhibitory efficacy (83.00% at 10µg/mL), similarly, F3 have lower blood glucose level in the range of 131.11 mg/dl at 15 mg/kg body weight. This compound show robust in vitro and in vivo efficacy, and could be considered as promising dual target antidiabetic drug candidates. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemia, Aldose reductase inhibitor

Bipolar complex fuzzy credibility aggregation operators and their application in decision making problem

A bipolar complex fuzzy credibility set (BCFCS) is a new approach in computational intelligence and decision-making under uncertainty. Bipolar complex fuzzy credibility (BCFC) information has been employed as a strategy for dealing with confusing and unreliable situations that arise in everyday life. In this paper, we used the concept of aggregation operators to diagnose the well-known averaging and geometric aggregation operators, as well as evaluate some properties and related results. Using described operators, an algorithm for multiple criteria group decision making is proposed. Then, a numerical example of a case study of Hospital selection is discussed. Lastly, the comparative analysis of suggested operators with existing operators are also given to discuss the rationality, efficiency and applicability of these operators

Exploring the Moderating Role of Organizational Structure in the Relationship between Strategic Orientations and Organizational Performance

The literature review proposes the link between strategic orientations and organizational performance is inconsistent in different contexts and implies that this link is further needed to be explored through mediating or moderating effect. This study explains the concepts of two most referred strategic orientations, i.e. market, and entrepreneurial orientations and proposes a rational relationship of each with organizational performance. Further, the study explores the moderating influence of two primary structures (mechanistic and organic) on the relationship between strategic orientation (entrepreneurial and marketing) and organizational performanc

Sine hyperbolic fractional orthotriple linear Diophantine fuzzy aggregation operator and its application in decision making

The idea of sine hyperbolic fractional orthotriple linear Diophantine fuzzy sets (sinh-FOLDFSs), which allows more uncertainty than fractional orthotriple fuzzy sets (FOFSs) is noteworthy. The regularity and symmetry of the origin are maintained by the widely recognized sine hyperbolic function, which satisfies the experts' expectations for the properties of the multi-time process. Compared to fractional orthotriple linear Diophantine fuzzy sets, sine hyperbolic fractional orthotriple linear Diophantine fuzzy sets (sinh-FOLDFSs) provide a significant idea for enabling more uncertainty. The objective of this research is to provide some reliable sine hyperbolic operational laws for FOLDFSs in order to sustain these properties and the significance of sinh-FOLDFSs. Both the accuracy and score functions for the sinh-FOLDFSs are defined. We define a group of averaging and geometric aggregation operators on the basis of algebraic t-norm and t-conorm operations. The basic characteristics of the defined operators are studied. Using the specified aggregation operators, a group decision-making method for solving real-life decision-making problem is proposed. To verify the validity of the proposed method, we compare our method with other existing methods