GENERALIZED DERIVATIONS IN RINGS ON LIE IDEALS WITH BANACH ALGEBRAS

Let R be a prime ring of characteristic dierent from 2, L a non-central Lie ideal of R, and m; n xed positive integers. If R admits a generalized derivation F associated with a deviation d such that  F(u)2)m -(F(u))2n  ϵZ(R) for all u Ïµ L, then R satises S4 , the standard identity in four variables. Moreover, we also examine the case when R is semiprime ring. Finally, as an application we obtain some range inclusion results of continuous or spectrallybounded generalized derivations on Banach algebras

Factors affecting secure software development practices among developers- an investigation

An evidently dominate problem in the software development domain is that software security is not consistently addressed from the initial phase of software development which escalates security concerns, results in insecure software development. Several secure software development methodologies were introduced in literature and recommended to the industry but they are usually ignored by the developers and software practitioners. In this research paper, an extensive literature review is performed to find out factors influencing implementations of secure software development practices in industry. Secondly, based on Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model 2 (UTAUT2) this study proposes a model to investigate the factors influencing adoption of secure software development practices among software developers

Teachers' behavioral intention and acceptance of technology-based intervention among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

The fourth pillar of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals is 'Quality education' to provide peace and prosperity to the world population; in addition, Special Education Reforms under the Malaysian government scope are influenced by the 'Shared Prosperity Vision 2030'. Special needs education underlines the importance of technological integration in the learning environment to support the communication, teaching, and learning needs of neurodiverse learners. The teachers are an intermediatory link between the learners and their parents and caregivers. Technological advancements assist educators in transforming the educational needs of neurodiverse learners at all academic levels. The early intervention-based teaching and learning process is advocated worldwide, as it has shown positive cues toward neurodiverse learners, especially those with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Yet very little is known about the perception and behavior of teachers towards acceptance of technology-based intervention. Therefore, to bridge the identified gap in academic literature, this study explores the teachers' behavioral intentions concerning technology for teaching children with ASD. A conceptual framework has been developed based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 model (UTAUT2) and other recent studies to address the problem and identify possible solutions for the stakeholders. The developed hypothesis will be tested later through a survey-based self-administered questionnaire among the special education teachers in different parts of Malaysia and after the data analysis is performed using SmartPLS 3.2.6. The pre-test and pilot study results affirm the positive viability of the study for continued future work

Teachers' behavioral intention and acceptance of technology-based intervention among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

The fourth pillar of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals is 'Quality education' to provide peace and prosperity to the world population; in addition, Special Education Reforms under the Malaysian government scope are influenced by the 'Shared Prosperity Vision 2030'. Special needs education underlines the importance of technological integration in the learning environment to support the communication, teaching, and learning needs of neurodiverse learners. The teachers are an intermediatory link between the learners and their parents and caregivers. Technological advancements assist educators in transforming the educational needs of neurodiverse learners at all academic levels. The early intervention-based teaching and learning process is advocated worldwide, as it has shown positive cues toward neurodiverse learners, especially those with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Yet very little is known about the perception and behavior of teachers towards acceptance of technology-based intervention. Therefore, to bridge the identified gap in academic literature, this study explores the teachers' behavioral intentions concerning technology for teaching children with ASD. A conceptual framework has been developed based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 model (UTAUT2) and other recent studies to address the problem and identify possible solutions for the stakeholders. The developed hypothesis will be tested later through a survey-based self-administered questionnaire among the special education teachers in different parts of Malaysia and after the data analysis is performed using SmartPLS 3.2.6. The pre-test and pilot study results affirm the positive viability of the study for continued future work

Information technology (IT) based intervention among individuals with ASD (autism spectrum disorder): A review

The aim of this article is to provide systematic analysis of studies using ICT (information and Communication Technology) tools as intervention. These tools are categorized into two categories: (a) assessment tools and (b) Intervention tools. This review gives a brief description about the technological features and the functionality related to it. The intervention tools assist in enhancing cognitive and social abilities of the individual with ASD. Here we try to identify the latest advancement by reviewing these related articles and recommend future direction of extended research work

Role of non-coding RNA networks in leukemia progression, metastasis and drug resistance.

Early-stage detection of leukemia is a critical determinant for successful treatment of the disease and can increase the survival rate of leukemia patients. The factors limiting the current screening approaches to leukemia include low sensitivity and specificity, high costs, and a low participation rate. An approach based on novel and innovative biomarkers with high accuracy from peripheral blood offers a comfortable and appealing alternative to patients, potentially leading to a higher participation rate.Recently, non-coding RNAs due to their involvement in vital oncogenic processes such as differentiation, proliferation, migration, angiogenesis and apoptosis have attracted much attention as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in leukemia. Emerging lines of evidence have shown that the mutational spectrum and dysregulated expression of non-coding RNA genes are closely associated with the development and progression of various cancers, including leukemia. In this review, we highlight the expression and functional roles of different types of non-coding RNAs in leukemia and discuss their potential clinical applications as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets

Sanguinarine mediated apoptosis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer via generation of reactive oxygen species and suppression of JAK/STAT pathway

Effective treatment of lung cancer remains a significant clinical challenge due to its multidrug resistance and side effects of the current treatment options. The high mortality associated with this malignancy indicates the need for new therapeutic interventions with fewer side effects. Natural compounds offer various benefits such as easy access, minimal side effects, and multi-molecular targets and thus, can prove useful in treating lung cancer. Sanguinarine (SNG), a natural compound, possesses favorable therapeutic potential against a variety of cancers. Here, we examined the underlying molecular mechanisms of SNG in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) cells. SNG suppressed cell growth and induced apoptosis via downregulation of the constitutively active JAK/STAT pathway in all the NSCLC cell lines. siRNA silencing of STAT3 in NSCLC cells further confirmed the involvement of the JAK/STAT signaling cascade. SNG treatment increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, which contributed to a leaky mitochondrial membrane leading to cytochrome c release accompanied by caspase activation. In addition, we established the antitumor effects of SNG through reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, as inhibiting ROS production prevented the apoptosis-inducing potential of SNG. In vivo xenograft tumor model further validated our in vitro findings. Overall, our study investigated the molecular mechanisms by which SNG induces apoptosis in NSCLC, providing avenues for developing novel natural compound-based cancer therapies

Global Retinoblastoma Presentation and Analysis by National Income Level.

Importance: Early diagnosis of retinoblastoma, the most common intraocular cancer, can save both a child's life and vision. However, anecdotal evidence suggests that many children across the world are diagnosed late. To our knowledge, the clinical presentation of retinoblastoma has never been assessed on a global scale. Objectives: To report the retinoblastoma stage at diagnosis in patients across the world during a single year, to investigate associations between clinical variables and national income level, and to investigate risk factors for advanced disease at diagnosis. Design, Setting, and Participants: A total of 278 retinoblastoma treatment centers were recruited from June 2017 through December 2018 to participate in a cross-sectional analysis of treatment-naive patients with retinoblastoma who were diagnosed in 2017. Main Outcomes and Measures: Age at presentation, proportion of familial history of retinoblastoma, and tumor stage and metastasis. Results: The cohort included 4351 new patients from 153 countries; the median age at diagnosis was 30.5 (interquartile range, 18.3-45.9) months, and 1976 patients (45.4%) were female. Most patients (n = 3685 [84.7%]) were from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Globally, the most common indication for referral was leukocoria (n = 2638 [62.8%]), followed by strabismus (n = 429 [10.2%]) and proptosis (n = 309 [7.4%]). Patients from high-income countries (HICs) were diagnosed at a median age of 14.1 months, with 656 of 666 (98.5%) patients having intraocular retinoblastoma and 2 (0.3%) having metastasis. Patients from low-income countries were diagnosed at a median age of 30.5 months, with 256 of 521 (49.1%) having extraocular retinoblastoma and 94 of 498 (18.9%) having metastasis. Lower national income level was associated with older presentation age, higher proportion of locally advanced disease and distant metastasis, and smaller proportion of familial history of retinoblastoma. Advanced disease at diagnosis was more common in LMICs even after adjusting for age (odds ratio for low-income countries vs upper-middle-income countries and HICs, 17.92 [95% CI, 12.94-24.80], and for lower-middle-income countries vs upper-middle-income countries and HICs, 5.74 [95% CI, 4.30-7.68]). Conclusions and Relevance: This study is estimated to have included more than half of all new retinoblastoma cases worldwide in 2017. Children from LMICs, where the main global retinoblastoma burden lies, presented at an older age with more advanced disease and demonstrated a smaller proportion of familial history of retinoblastoma, likely because many do not reach a childbearing age. Given that retinoblastoma is curable, these data are concerning and mandate intervention at national and international levels. Further studies are needed to investigate factors, other than age at presentation, that may be associated with advanced disease in LMICs

The global retinoblastoma outcome study : a prospective, cluster-based analysis of 4064 patients from 149 countries

DATA SHARING : The study data will become available online once all analyses are complete.BACKGROUND : Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular cancer worldwide. There is some evidence to suggest that major differences exist in treatment outcomes for children with retinoblastoma from different regions, but these differences have not been assessed on a global scale. We aimed to report 3-year outcomes for children with retinoblastoma globally and to investigate factors associated with survival. METHODS : We did a prospective cluster-based analysis of treatment-naive patients with retinoblastoma who were diagnosed between Jan 1, 2017, and Dec 31, 2017, then treated and followed up for 3 years. Patients were recruited from 260 specialised treatment centres worldwide. Data were obtained from participating centres on primary and additional treatments, duration of follow-up, metastasis, eye globe salvage, and survival outcome. We analysed time to death and time to enucleation with Cox regression models. FINDINGS : The cohort included 4064 children from 149 countries. The median age at diagnosis was 23·2 months (IQR 11·0–36·5). Extraocular tumour spread (cT4 of the cTNMH classification) at diagnosis was reported in five (0·8%) of 636 children from high-income countries, 55 (5·4%) of 1027 children from upper-middle-income countries, 342 (19·7%) of 1738 children from lower-middle-income countries, and 196 (42·9%) of 457 children from low-income countries. Enucleation surgery was available for all children and intravenous chemotherapy was available for 4014 (98·8%) of 4064 children. The 3-year survival rate was 99·5% (95% CI 98·8–100·0) for children from high-income countries, 91·2% (89·5–93·0) for children from upper-middle-income countries, 80·3% (78·3–82·3) for children from lower-middle-income countries, and 57·3% (52·1-63·0) for children from low-income countries. On analysis, independent factors for worse survival were residence in low-income countries compared to high-income countries (hazard ratio 16·67; 95% CI 4·76–50·00), cT4 advanced tumour compared to cT1 (8·98; 4·44–18·18), and older age at diagnosis in children up to 3 years (1·38 per year; 1·23–1·56). For children aged 3–7 years, the mortality risk decreased slightly (p=0·0104 for the change in slope). INTERPRETATION : This study, estimated to include approximately half of all new retinoblastoma cases worldwide in 2017, shows profound inequity in survival of children depending on the national income level of their country of residence. In high-income countries, death from retinoblastoma is rare, whereas in low-income countries estimated 3-year survival is just over 50%. Although essential treatments are available in nearly all countries, early diagnosis and treatment in low-income countries are key to improving survival outcomes.The Queen Elizabeth Diamond Jubilee Trust and the Wellcome Trust.https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/homeam2023Paediatrics and Child Healt

Study of Extended Hermite-Appell Polynomial via Fractional Operators

The motive of this research paper is to establish the generalized Hermite and generalized Hermite-Appell polynomials by combining the operational definitions and integral representations. The explicit summation formulae, determinant and recurrence relations for the generalized Hermite-Appell polynomials are derived by applying the integral transforms and appropriate operational rules. For the application purpose, we present the corresponding results for the generalized Hermite-Bernoulli, generalized Hermite- Euler, and Hermite-Genocchi polynomials